Search results for "meal"
showing 10 items of 192 documents
Effect of refeeding diets containing cottonseed flour with traces of gossypol on rat liver and testis
1991
The aim of the present work was to show that cottonseed flour introduced into rehabilitation diets is not nutritionally harmful. The cottonseed flour obtained from glandless seeds contains traces of gossypol. As gossypol is known to have pathological hepatic and testicular actions, the effects on hepatic variables and on the histological appearance of liver and testis of diets containing cottonseed flour were compared with those without cottonseed flour. Seventy growing male Wistar rats were divided into two groups. The control group (C) received a balanced diet (200 g casein+3 g methionine/kg) for 78 d and the experimental group was fed on a low-protein diet (20 g casein+3 g methionine/kg)…
Immunologic and absorptive tests in celiac disease: can they replace intestinal biopsies?
1993
The sensitivity and specificity of several immunologic and absorption tests were determined in infants with celiac disease (31 male, 39 female; median age, 2.6 years) in different phases of the disease and in a group of control subjects with chronic diarrhea of different etiologies (32 male, 28 female; median age, 1.2 years). Intestinal biopsy was performed both in the patients and in the controls as a 'gold standard' for the diagnosis. The anti-gliadin antibody (AGA) IgG values showed a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 47%; AGA IgA were 69% sensitive and 92% specific; anti-endomysial antibodies (EmA) were 100% sensitive and 97% specific; the xylose test was 71% sensitive and 53% spe…
Short term diet of precooked corn meal almost lacking in tryptophan and interspecific rat-mouse aggressive behaviour.
1990
The content of tryptophan in a precooked corn meal and in 4 types of selected corn seeds: Zea mays indurata, identata, opaque/2 and Marano synth., has been determined by three different methods: ion-exchange chromatography, spectrofluorometry and spectrophotometry. This content is very low, less than 0.080% d.w. Alimentation for 4 d with a diet composed of precooked corn meal with a tryptophan content less than 0.025% induced the appearance of aggressive-cidal or aggressive non-cidal behaviour towards the mouse in more than half of Wistar rats bred in a room constantly lighted by a sodium steam light. The appearance of this behaviour is probably connected with a decrease in brain serotonin.
Free school meals as an approach to reduce health inequalities among 10-12- year-old Norwegian children.
2019
Abstract Background Children spend a considerable amount of time at school and consume at least one meal/day. This study aimed to investigate if a free, healthy school meal every day for one school year was associated with children’s intake of healthy foods at school, weight status and moderating effects of socio-economic status. Methods A non-randomized study design with an intervention and a control group was used to measure change in children’s dietary habits at lunchtime. In total, 164 children participated; 55 in the intervention group and 109 in the control group (baseline). Intervention-children were served a free, healthy school meal every school day for one year. Participating chil…
Machine Morphisms And Simulation
2012
This paper examines the concept of simulation from a modelling viewpoint. How can one Mealy machine simulate the other one? We create formalism for simulation of Mealy machines. The injective s–morphism of the machine semigroups induces the simulation of machines [1]. We present the example of s–morphism such that it is not a homomorphism of semigroups. The story for the surjective s–morphisms is quite different. These are homomorphisms of semigroups but there exists the surjective s–morphism such that it does not induce the simulation.
Exploration of neuronal and glial plasticity in the melanocortin system at the meal in a mouse model.
2017
In 2015, Nature published the largest pangenomic association study to date linking genetic variants to body mass index. This study highlighted the role of the central nervous system in vulnerability to obesity and supports an original concept that cerebral plasticity plays an important role in the control of energy balance. Thus, reduced cerebral plasticity capacities could lead to inadequate dietary behaviors, which would increase the risk of weight gain under caloric pressure. The anorectic neurons POMC and the orexigenic neurons AgRP of the melanocortin system, which control the energy balance, actually show synaptic plasticity properties in the adult brain. These phenomena are shown in …
The effect of meal size on the rate of gastric evacuation of burbot, Lota lota (L.)
1999
– The effect of meal size on the gastric evacuation rate of burbot Lota lota (L.), was determined at a constant temperature of 1.5°C. Burbot were fed vendace Coregonus albula (L.), in varying amounts from 1.0% to 12.6% of burbot weight. Although gastric evacuation rate decreased exponentially with increasing meal size, the absolute amount of food evacuated per day (g. day−1 increased when meal size increased. The estimated maximum daily gastric evacuation rates were 0.8, 1.3 and 1.6 g/day with meal sizes 1%, 5% and 10% of burbot weight (200 g). No difference in gastric evacuation rate was observed between meals of the same size (8 g) but which consisted of either one or three vendace.
Incidence of enterotoxigenic staphylococci and their toxins in foods
2002
Of 504 food samples collected from cafeterias, 19 (3.8%) yielded strains of enterotoxigenic staphylococci, and 10 (52.6%), 4 (21.1%), 3 (15.8%), and 2 (10.5%) of these strains produced enterotoxins C (SEC), D (SED), B (SEB), and A (SEA), respectively. Moreover, SEA, SEB, and SEC were isolated from three hamburger samples. Of 181 food samples collected from four restaurants before the implementation of the hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) system, 7 (3.9%) were found to contain enterotoxigenic strains, and SED, SEC, and SEA were produced by 4 (57.1%), 2 (28.6%), and 1 (14.3%) of these strains, respectively. One meatball sample with SEC was detected in a restaurant. After the…
Maize based diets and possible neurobehavioural after-effects among some populations in the world
1996
Maize is a cereal particularly lacking in tryptophan, which is the precursor of serotonin, an important neurotransmitter. Altough complementary foods may eliminate tryptophan deficiency, serotonin deficiency may often continue to exist because of competition made by other Large Neutral Amino Acids (LNAA) against tryptophan for neuron access, since they use the same carrier to cross the blood-brain barrier. Thus serotonin synthesis depends on two variables: the amount of tryptophan and the trp/LNAA ratio (R). “R” is lowest for common maize, low for beans and, as a rule, for most vegetable foods, higher for meat. So, when maize is the preponderant food in the meal, the “R” value lowers and so…
Bioaccessibility of minerals in school meals: Comparison between dialysis and solubility methods
2005
Abstract Determinations have been made of content and bioaccessibility of Ca, Fe, Zn and Cu in 13 dishes collected from a catering service delivering to a school. Bioaccessibility was estimated by measuring the soluble or dialyzable mineral fraction resulting from in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of the meal. The analyzed dishes had mineral contents (μg/g) in the following ranges: Ca (74.1–913), Fe (2.8–17.9), Zn (2.8–13.1), Cu (0.28–1.90). Mineral solubility and dialysis percentages were as follows: Ca (1.7–96.2; 0.75–61.3), Fe (16.0–97.8; 0.23–19.0), Zn (22.6–93; 5.78–31.45), Cu (35.7–92.3; 0.66–25.0). The highest bioaccessible Ca content corresponded to fish-based dishes, while vegeta…