Search results for "meat"

Solid and Semisolid Innovative Formulations Containing Miconazole-Loaded Solid Lipid Microparticles to Promote Drug Entrapment into the Buccal Mucosa

2021

The currently available antifungal therapy for oral candidiasis (OC) has various limita- tions restricting its clinical use, such as short retention time, suboptimal drug concentration and low patients compliance. These issues could be overcome using micro or nanotechnology. In par- ticular, solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) resulted as a particularly promising penetration enhancer carrier for lipophilic drugs, such as the antifungal miconazole (MCZ). Based on these considera- tions, cetyl decanoate (here synthesized without the use of metal catalysis) was employed together with 1-hexadecanol to prepare MCZ-loaded SLMs. These resulted in a powder composed of 45–300 µm diameter solid spheric…

Galantamine delivery on buccal mucosa: permeation enhancement and design of matrix tablets

2009

The most important feature in transbuccal drug delivery is the low drug passage through the buccal mucosa. In our previous work we demonstrated the aptitude of Galantamine to penetrate the buccal tissue. The collected data suggested that Galantamine passively crosses the membrane, but the calculated Js and Kp values showed that the drug amount that crosses the membrane wasn’t sufficient to assure blood therapeutic level. So, in this study, ex vivo permeation tests, using porcine buccal mucosa, were performed in presence of physical or chemical enhancers. No significant differences in penetration rate were observed using chemical enhancers as sodium dehydrocholate, EDTA disodium salt and tri…

Influence of Chemical Enhancers and Iontophoresis on the In Vitro Transdermal Permeation of Propranolol: Evaluation by Dermatopharmacokinetics

2018

[EN] The aims of this study were to assess, in vitro, the possibility of administering propranolol transdermally and to evaluate the usefulness of the dermatopharmacokinetic (DPK) method in assessing the transport of drugs through stratum corneum, using propranolol as a model compound. Four chemical enhancers (decenoic and oleic acid, laurocapram, and R-(+)-limonene) and iontophoresis at two current densities, 0.25 and 0.5 mA/cm(2) were tested. R-(+)-limonene, and iontophoresis at 0.5 mA/cm(2) were proven to be the most efficient in increasing propranolol transdermal flux, both doubled the original propranolol transdermal flux. Iontophoresis was demonstrated to be superior than the chemical…

Human buccal mucosa as an innovative site of drug delivery.

2009

The authors review the ultra-structural aspects and permeability features of normal human oral mucosa, after having recently tested and used it as a new site of systemic drug delivery. The pertinent scientific literature from 1975 through 2009 has been analysed and discussed. Buccal epithelium is a relatively permeable, robust non-keratinized tissue and blood vessels drain directly into the jugular vein; due to its particular features, it has been of increasing interest to researchers as an alternative site of drug administration. The review describes the structure and function of the buccal mucosa, the rationale for transbuccal drug delivery and the main transmucosal drug delivery systems.…

Amorphous Ropinirole-Loaded Mucoadhesive Buccal Film: A Potential Patient-Friendly Tool to Improve Drug Pharmacokinetic Profile and Effectiveness

2020

Nowadays the therapeutic strategies to manage Parkinson&rsquo

Comparison of multidrug-resistant extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from human, foods and animals to investigate the possible chains of tra…

Background Globally, antimicrobial drug resistant Escherichia coli is the most common etiological agent of invasive disease in humans. In Europe, increasing proportions of infections due to third generation cephalosporins (3GCs) and/or fluoroquinolone resistant extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains are reported. It has been shown that multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli can be transmitted from animals to humans and based on existing evidence, poultry is the food animal source most closely linked to human E. coli. However, lack of reliable data makes it difficult to assess the attributable risk of different food sources and their impact on human health. Objectives In the present s…

Bipolar electrolysis for tritium recovery from weakly active tritiated water

2001

Abstract Detritiation facilities produce low activity tritiated water from which tritium cannot be recovered. Bipolar electrolysis, based on the electrochemical permeation of hydrogen and its isotopes through Pd–Ag alloy membranes, allows tritiated water enrichment together with negligible gaseous tritium release. Our purpose is to enrich water from 500 Ci/l (1.85×1013 Bq/l) to more than 2000 Ci/l (7.40×1013 Bq/l). We first describe the principle of bipolar electrolysis and its application to isotopic enrichment. The experimental part of this work consists of the determination of the isotopic separation factors. From these experimental values, we simulated the working of an operational cell…

Simultaneous determination of different classes of antibiotics in fish and livestock by CE-MS

2007

A specific CE-MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 12 antibacterial residues (four sulfonamides: sulfamethazine, sulfathiazole, sulfadiazine, and sulfachlorpyridazine; four beta-lactams: amoxicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, and penicillin V, and four quinolones: danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, ofloxacin, and flumequine) in fish and livestock. Separation conditions, sheath liquid composition and electrospray parameters were optimized to obtain adequate CE separation and a high sensitivity. CE employed a 75 cm long fused-silica capillary (50 cm thermostated plus 25 cm at room temperature) 75 microm id and a 60 mM ammonium acetate separation buffer at pH 8 with 10% of metha…

Analysis of meat samples for anabolic steroids residues by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.

2007

A rapid, specific and highly sensitive multi-residue method for the determination of anabolic steroid residues in bovine, pork and poultry muscle tissues was developed. The sample preparation involves enzymatic digestion followed by extraction with methanol. The crude extract was cleaned up by solid-phase extraction (SPE) combining C18 and NH2 columns. The detection was carried out by a highly sensitive liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method using both positive and negative ionization modes. Natural and synthetic steroids covering different polarities could be extracted, concentrated and purified using one single method. Mobile phase com…

RutaRep: a computer package to design dispatching routes in the meat industry

2005

In this paper we present a computer program that has been developed to design the dispatching routes of a medium-sized meat company in Spain. We have modelled the real problem as a variant of the vehicle routing problem with Time Windows and implemented a number of heuristic algorithms based on the most advanced solution techniques for this problem. These algorithms have been embedded in a computer package that is intended to be used as a decision support system for the distribution manager. The program runs under Windows System and is straightforward to use. We also present some computational experiences based on real instances provided by the company. This experience shows important impro…