Search results for "medical imaging"
showing 10 items of 1325 documents
Pain Mechanisms Involved and Outcome in Advanced Cancer Patients with Possible Indications for Celiac Plexus Block and Superior Hypogastric Plexus Bl…
2002
Aims and Background There is controversy about the role of neurolytic sympathetic blocks in advanced cancer, when pain syndromes may assume other characteristics, with a possible involvement of structures other than visceral. The aim of the present study was to assess the pain characteristics and the analgesic response of a consecutive sample of home care patients with pancreatic and pelvic pain, which would have possible indications for a celiac plexus block and a superior hypogastric block, respectively. Methods From January 1999 to December 1999, 400 consecutive advanced cancer patients were surveyed for a prospective longitudinal survey. We considered only patients who had pancreatic ca…
Evidence for early, non-lesional cerebellar damage in patients with multiple sclerosis: DTI measures correlate with disability, atrophy, and disease …
2015
Background: Common symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) such as gait ataxia, poor coordination of the hands, and intention tremor are usually the result of dysfunctionality in the cerebellum. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has frequently failed to detect cerebellar damage in the form of inflammatory lesions in patients presenting with symptoms of cerebellar dysfunction. Objective: To detect microstructural cerebellar tissue alterations in early MS patients with a “normal appearing” cerebellum using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods: A total of 68 patients with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) and without cerebellar lesions and 26 age-matched healthy controls were admitted to high-resolu…
pBrain: A novel pipeline for Parkinson related brain structure segmentation
2020
[EN] Parkinson is a very prevalent neurodegenerative disease impacting the life of millions of people worldwide. Although its cause remains unknown, its functional and structural analysis is fundamental to advance in the search of a cure or symptomatic treatment. The automatic segmentation of deep brain structures related to Parkinson's disease could be beneficial for the follow up and treatment planning. Unfortunately, there is not broadly available segmentation software to automatically measure Parkinson related structures. In this paper, we present a novel pipeline to segment three deep brain structures related to Parkinson's disease (substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus and red nucleus…
Evaluation of texture analysis for the differential diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia from hepatocellular adenoma on contrast-enhanced CT images
2018
PurposeTo explore the value of CT texture analysis (CTTA) for differentiation of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) from hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) on contrast-enhanced CT (CECT).MethodsThis is a retrospective, IRB-approved study conducted in a single institution. A search of the medical records between 2008 and 2017 revealed 48 patients with 70 HCA and 50 patients with 62 FNH. All lesions were histologically proven and with available pre-operative CECT imaging. Hepatic arterial phase (HAP) and portal venous phase (PVP) were used for CTTA. Textural features were extracted using a commercially available research software (TexRAD). The differences between textural parameters of FNH and HCA wer…
Presurgical evaluation of bony implant sites using panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography—influence of medical education
2017
The aim of this study was to compare the subjective quality rating of panoramic radiography (PAN) and CBCT in the planning of dental implant procedures by clinicians with different educational backgrounds.Radiographic images (PAN and CBCT) of 42 patients were examined as follows: the maxillary (MX) anterior region of patients, the MX posterior region of 16 patients and the mandibular (MD) posterior region of 16 patients. These sites were used for planning of dental implant insertion. Data sets were analyzed by examiners with different training backgrounds: three general practitioners (GP), three oral surgeons (OS) and three maxillofacial surgeons (MS). A standardized questionnaire in a stan…
Implant treatment planning regarding augmentation procedures: panoramic radiographs vs. cone beam computed tomography images.
2015
Objectives To evaluate the impact of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging on treatment planning regarding augmentation procedures for implant placement. Material and methods Panoramic radiographs and CBCT images of 40 patients requesting single-tooth implants in 59 sites were retrospectively analyzed by six specialists in implantology, and treatment planning was performed. Therapeutic recommendations were compared with the surgical protocol performed initially. Results Bone height estimation from panoramic radiographs yielded to higher measures and greater variability compared to CBCT. The suggested treatment plan for lateral and vertical augmentation procedures based on CBCT or pan…
Surgical Treatment in Symptomatic Chiari Malformation Type I: A Series of 25 Adult Patients Treated with Cerebellar Tonsil Shrinkage
2019
Background: The variety of symptoms and radiological findings in patients with Chiari malformation type I makes both the indication for surgery and the technical modality controversial. We report our 5-year experience, describing our technique and critically evaluating the clinical results. Methods: Between 2012 and 2016, 25 patients (15 female and 10 male; mean age 39.2 years) underwent posterior fossa decompression for Chiari malformation type I. Their clinical complaints included headache, nuchalgia, upper limb weakness or numbness, instability, dizziness and diplopia. Syringomyelia was present in 12 patients (48%). Suboccipital craniectomy was completed in all cases with C1 laminectomy …
Skull Bone Defects Reconstruction with Custom-Made Titanium Graft shaped with Electron Beam Melting Technology: Preliminary Experience in a Series of…
2017
Background: Cranioplasty represents a challenge in neurosurgery. Its goal is not only plastic reconstruction of the skull but also to restore and preserve cranial function, to improve cerebral hemodynamics, and to provide mechanical protection of the neural structures. The ideal material for the reconstructive procedures and the surgical timing are still controversial. Many alloplastic materials are available for performing cranioplasty and among these, titanium still represents a widely proven and accepted choice. Methods: The aim of our study was to present our preliminary experience with a “custom-made” cranioplasty, using electron beam melting (EBM) technology, in a series of ten patien…
Estimated radiation exposure of German commercial airline cabin crew in the years 1960-2003 modeled using dose registry data for 2004-2015.
2016
Exposure to ionizing radiation of cosmic origin is an occupational risk factor in commercial aircrew. In a historic cohort of 26,774 German aircrew, radiation exposure was previously estimated only for cockpit crew using a job-exposure matrix (JEM). Here, a new method for retrospectively estimating cabin crew dose is developed. The German Federal Radiation Registry (SSR) documents individual monthly effective doses for all aircrew. SSR-provided doses on 12,941 aircrew from 2004 to 2015 were used to model cabin crew dose as a function of age, sex, job category, solar activity, and male pilots' dose; the mean annual effective dose was 2.25 mSv (range 0.01–6.39 mSv). In addition to an inverse …
Automatic fuzzy classification of the washout curves from magnetic resonance first-pass perfusion imaging after myocardial infarction.
2005
International audience; Abstract: Objectives: We sought to investigate the diagnostic ability of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) perfusion in acute reper-fused myocardial infarction. The study used fuzzy logic to automatically classify signal intensity-time curves from myocardial segments into 3 categories: normal, hypointense, and Hyperintense. Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight patients with myocardial infarction underwent short-axis cine-MRI and contrast-enhanced MRI to provide data on wall thickening and the transmural extent of infarction. Of these, 17 had a second cardiac MRI to ascertain the functional recovery in each segment. Results: The fuzzy logic based classification …