Search results for "medical sciences"
showing 10 items of 208 documents
Association between Obesity History and Hand Grip Strength in Older Adults-Exploring the Roles of Inflammation and Insulin Resistance as Mediating Fa…
2011
Background: To examine the association between obesity history and hand grip strength, and whether the association is partly explained by subclinical inflammation and insulin resistance. Methods:Data are from 2,021 men and women aged 55 years and older participating in the representative population-based Health 2000 Survey in Finland. Body mass and body height, maximal hand grip strength, C-reactive protein, and insulin resistance based on homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) were measured in a health examination. Recalled weight at 20, 30, 40, and 50 years of age were recorded to obtain a hierarchical classification of obesity history. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2. R…
Robotic surgery can be safely performed for patients and healthcare workers during COVID‐19 pandemic
2021
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the safety of robotic surgery during COVID-19 pandemic concerning new-acquired COVID-19 infections for patients and healthcare workers. PATIENTS: We performed a retrospective single-centre cohort study of patients undergoing robotic surgery in initial period of COVID-19 pandemic. Patients and Healthcare workers COVID-19 infection status was assessed by structured telephone follow-up and/or repeated nasopharyngeal swabs. RESULTS: After 61 robotic surgeries (93,5% cancer surgery), 1 patient (1.6%) had COVID-19 infection. 60 healthcare workers cumulatively exposed to 1,187 hours of robotic surgery had no infection. One patient with postoperative proof of SARS-CoV-2 h…
Anin vitroendodontic model to quantify the accessory canal filling potential of the vertical and lateral condensation techniques
2021
The purpose of this study was to determine the accessory canal filling potential of vertical and lateral condensation techniques in simulated root canals. A total of 130 prepared transparent, straight-simulated root canals with nine accessory canals (0.02 mm), prepared at different levels from the apical, were obturated with vertical (n = 100) and 30 lateral condensation (n = 30) techniques. 50.33% of the accessory canals obturated with vertical condensation were completely filled with gutta-percha; 37.78% completely filled with gutta-percha and sealer. 61.11% of the accessory canals were completely filled with sealer only using the lateral condensation technique. The vertical condensation …
Healthy Behavior as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Optimism and Life Satisfaction in Health Sciences Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
2021
Aleksandra M Rogowska,1 Paweł F Nowak,2 Aleksandra Kwaśnicka1 1Institute of Psychology, University of Opole, Opole, Poland; 2Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, PolandCorrespondence: Aleksandra M RogowskaInstitute of Psychology, University of Opole, ul. Staszica 1, Room 312, Opole, 45-052, PolandTel +48 604732259Email arogowska@uni.opole.plPurpose: This study examines the indirect relationship between optimism and life satisfaction via healthy behavior among health sciences students.Participants and Methods: The cross-sectional study involved 349 health sciences students, including 58% of women, ranging in age between…
Terbium Medical Radioisotope Production: Laser Resonance Ionization Scheme Development
2021
Terbium (Tb) is a promising element for the theranostic approach in nuclear medicine. The new CERN-MEDICIS facility aims for production of its medical radioisotopes to support related R&D projects in biomedicine. The use of laser resonance ionization is essential to provide radioisotopic yields of highest quantity and quality, specifically regarding purity. This paper presents the results of preparation and characterization of a suitable two-step laser resonance ionization process for Tb. By resonance excitation via an auto-ionizing level, the high ionization efficiency of 53% was achieved. To simulate realistic production conditions for Tb radioisotopes, the influence of a surplus of Gd at…
Psychological interventions for resilience enhancement in adults
2017
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of resilience‐enhancing interventions in clinical and non‐clinical populations.
Associations of Antifungal Treatments With Prevention of Fungal Infection in Critically Ill Patients Without Neutropenia
2017
BACKGROUND: Invasive fungal infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality among critically ill patients. Early institution of antifungal therapy is pivotal for mortality reduction. Starting a targeted antifungal therapy after culture positivity and fungi identification requires a long time. Therefore, alternative strategies (globally defined as 'untargeted antifungal treatments') for antifungal therapy institution in patients without proven microbiological evidence of fungal infections have been discussed by international guidelines. This review was originally published in 2006 and updated in 2016. This updated review provides additional evidence for the clinician dealing with …
Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer
2017
Background Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. In "Western" countries, most people are either diagnosed at an advanced stage, or develop a relapse after surgery with curative intent. In people with advanced disease, significant benefits from targeted therapies are currently limited to HER-2 positive disease treated with trastuzumab, in combination with chemotherapy, in first-line. In second-line, ramucirumab, alone or in combination with paclitaxel, demonstrated significant survival benefits. Thus, systemic chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for advanced gastric cancer. Uncertainty remains regarding the choice of the regimen. Objectives To assess the effica…
Immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors for first- or second-line treatment of advanced ga…
2019
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors, alone or in combination with chemotherapy, in people with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma in first and subsequent treatment lines.
Emergency sclerotherapy or band ligation combined with vasoactive drugs for bleeding esophageal varices in cirrhosis
2019
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the efficacy as well as adverse events of emergency sclerotherapy (or band ligation) combined with pharmacological treatments versus sclerotherapy (or band ligation) alone or vasoactive drugs alone for acute variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients based on the results of randomised clinical trials (RCTs).