Search results for "medieval"
showing 10 items of 1745 documents
Formalizing Medieval Logical Theories: Suppositio, Consequentiae and Obligationes
2009
17 Comprendre les « Sarrasins » à Byzance dans la première moitié du ixe siècle
2016
Cet article s’emploie a decrire les interactions sociales entre les Byzantins et les musulmans comme un processus qui s'est developpe progressivement dans le temps et qui n'etait pas une serie immuable d'episodes similaires (des ambassades spectaculaires, de feroces polemiques interreligieuses...) comme le presentent les historiens aussi bien medievaux que modernes. Je vais poser deux questions simples : d'une part, comment les connaissances des « Sarrasins » et de leur religion sont-elles entrees a Constantinople et sont-elles devenues l’objet d'interet dans la litterature byzantine ? Et d'autre part, comment ce processus etait-il integre a la vie politique et sociale des Byzantins ? Je v…
Between Rudimentary and Artistic: Decorated Starčevo-Criș Pots
2020
Abstract The article presents new information regarding the percentual distribution of Starčevo-Criș decorated pottery, using the information on the Early Neolithic discoveries from the sites of Miercurea Sibiului-Petriș (Sibiu County), Turdaș-Luncă (Hunedoara County), Săliștea (Alba County), Cristian I (Sibiu County) and Cristian III (Sibiu County). Excepting Miercurea Sibiului-Petriș and Cristian I sites for which, besides the information about the category, color, temper, surface treatment, firing and morphology of this pottery were published in different volumes or articles, also some data regarding the different percentages on types of ornaments were published. This time, the author di…
A Logical Reconstruction of Leibniz’s Argument for His Complete Concept Conception of the Nature of Substance in Discours §8
2020
Abstract This paper develops a valid reconstruction in first-order predicate logic of Leibniz’s argument for his complete concept definition of substance in §8 of the Discours de Métaphysique. Following G. Rodriguez-Pereyra, it construes the argument as resting on two substantial premises, the “merely verbal” Aristotelian definition and Leibniz’s concept containment theory of truth, and it understands the resulting “real” definition as saying not that an entity is a substance iff its complete concept contains every predicate of that entity, but iff its complete concept contains every predicate of any subject to which that concept is truly attributable. An account is suggested of why Leibniz…
Sourcebook for the History of the Philosophy of Mind
2014
Introduction.- I Soul as an entity.- 1. The soul and the mind in ancient philosophy (Juha Sihvola and Henrik Lagerlund).- 2. The soul and the mind in medieval and early modern theories (Henrik Lagerlund).- II Sense perception.- 1. Ancient theories (Miira Tuominen).- 2. Medieval theories (Simo Knuuttila & Pekka Karkkainen).- 3. Early modern theories (Tuomo Aho).- III Common sense, fantasy, and estimation.- 1. Common sense and fantasy in ancient philosophy (Miira Tuominen).- 2. Medieval theories of internal senses (Simo Knuuttila & Pekka Karkkainen).- 3. Renaissance theories of internal senses (Lorenzo Casini).- 4. Common sense and fantasy in the seventeenth and eighteenth century Tuomo Aho).…
Self-awareness, presence, appearance: theishrāqīcontext
2015
The Active Nature of the Soul in Sense Perception: Robert Kilwardby and Peter Olivi
2010
AbstractThis article discusses the theories of perception of Robert Kilwardby and Peter of John Olivi. Our aim is to show how in challenging certain assumptions of medieval Aristotelian theories of perception they drew on Augustine and argued for the active nature of the soul in sense perception. For both Kilwardby and Olivi, the soul is not passive with respect to perceived objects; rather, it causes its own cognitive acts with respect to external objects and thus allows the subject to perceive them. We also show that Kilwardby and Olivi differ substantially regarding where the activity of the soul is directed to and the role of the sensible species in the process, and we demonstrate that …
El reinado del Cornificio y el exilio de las Musas. El filósofo educado en las Artes en la Antigüedad arcaica y en la Europa medieval hasta el siglo …
2016
Resumen: Este estudio describe y analiza el tránsito de un paradigma educativo (antiguo, clásico y medieval) a un nuevo paradigma (el universitario, hacia el siglo XII). Se examina el origen y el desarrollo de un paradigma educativo y de formación que se remonta hasta la Grecia arcaica y que se mantuvo en vigencia en la Europa medieval hasta la creación de las universidades en el siglo XII. La tradición educativa de las artes liberales, conocida también como disciplinae cyclicae, es analizado como heredero directo de la tradición arcaica y pitagórica griega basada en la formación por las Musas. Se examinarán las similitudes y paralelismos entre las Musas y las Artes a la luz de la obra de M…
“Like Ants in a Colony We Do Our Share”: Political Animals in Medieval Philosophy
2021
This chapter discusses the reception of the Aristotelian concept of ‘political animal’ in thirteenth and fourteenth century Latin philosophy. Aristotle thought that there are other political animals besides human beings, and his idea of what it means to be a political animal was partially based on biological needs and desires that lead animals to live together. By analysing what medieval philosophers thought of other political animals - such as ants, bees, and cranes - and of the biological basis of the political nature of humans, the chapter elaborates on the precise meaning of the concept of political animal. It is argued that biological aspects play a significant role in medieval views, …
La filosofía de la coacción en el medievo
1999
Christian philosophical tradition, medieval in a large sense, recieves from greek philosophy a positive valuation of coaction as auxiliary instrument of morality. Saint Augustine reinforces it by his reference to "libido" and to original sin. Saint Thomas consideres "providential" the whole punitive dimension of state. Marsilius of Padova converts coaction into the essence of law. Suarez concieves law as (non democratical) "imposition" of superior's will. The two authors seem defenseless against the modern phenomenon of "power centralization".