Search results for "messenger"
showing 10 items of 1493 documents
Involvement of NO in contact hypersensitivity.
1998
The NO synthases (NOS) generate NO from L-arginine. High concentrations of NO have been shown to be responsible for tissue injury and cell death, while low concentrations of NO induce vasodilatation and other signaling effects. We have investigated the involvement of NO in contact hypersensitivity (CHS) reactions. CHS induced by treatment of BALB/c mice with the contact allergen 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was significantly reduced by the NOS inhibitor N-methyl-L-arginine (L-NMA), but not by the stereoisomer D-NMA, as shown by reduced ear swelling responses and evaluation of ear tissue sections. The CHS response was also reduced by aminoguanidine, which is known to preferentially inhibi…
Lovastatin attenuates ionizing radiation-induced normal tissue damage in vivo.
2009
Abstract Background and purpose HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used lipid-lowering drugs. Moreover, they have pleiotropic effects on cellular stress responses, proliferation and apoptosis in vitro . Here, we investigated whether lovastatin attenuates acute and subchronic ionizing radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity in vivo . Materials and methods Four hours to 24h after total body irradiation (6Gy) of Balb/c mice, acute pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic responses were analyzed. To comprise subchronic radiation toxicity, mice were irradiated twice with 2.5Gy and analyses were performed 3weeks after the first radiation treatment. Molecular markers of inflammation and f…
Clusterin gene expression in apoptotic MDCK cells is dependent on the apoptosis-inducing stimulus
1995
Abstract Clusterin (Apolipoprotein J, complement lysis inhibitor) is a widely expressed multifunctional glycoprotein. The expression of clusterin mRNA has been reported to be elevated in a broad spectrum of apoptotic or degenerative tissues. More recently, it was shown that within these tissues clusterin is expressed in the surviving rather than in the dying cells, and that clusterin gene expression is actually down-regulated in the apoptotic cells. We have studied the expression of the clusterin gene in apoptotic MDCK cells. Cell death was initiated by three different stimuli: application of the steroid hormone antagonist RU 486, activation of protein kinase C by the application of the pho…
Berberine inhibits cell growth and mediates caspase-independent cell death in human pancreatic cancer cells.
2010
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive human malignancies with an increasing incidence worldwide. In addition to the poor survival rates, combinations using gemcitabine as a backbone have failed to show any benefit beyond monotherapy. These facts underscore an urgent need for novel therapeutic options and motivated us to study the effect of berberine on pancreatic cancer cells. Here, we undertook an mRNA-based gene expression profiling study in order to get deeper insight into the molecular targets mediating the growth inhibitory effects of berberine on pancreatic cancer cells compared to normal ones. Twenty-four hours after treatment, berberine showed preferential selectivity towa…
The Cleavage Product of Amyloid-β Protein Precursor sAβPPα Modulates BAG3-Dependent Aggresome Formation and Enhances Cellular Proteasomal Activity
2015
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major age-associated form of dementia characterized by gradual cognitive decline. Aberrant cleavage of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) is thought to play an important role in the pathology of this disease. Two principal AβPP processing pathways exist: amyloidogenic cleavage of AβPP resulting in production of the soluble N-terminal fragment sAβPPβ, amyloid-β (Aβ), which accumulates in AD brain, and the AβPP intracellular domain (AICD) sAβPPα, p3 and AICD are generated in the non-amyloidogenic pathway. Prevalence of amyloidogenic versus non-amyloidogenic processing leads to depletion of sAβPPα and an increase in Aβ. Although sAβPPα is a well-accepted neu…
RNA-binding ability of PIPP in requires the entire protein
2003
Post-transcriptional fate of eukaryotic mRNAs depends on association with different classes of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Among these proteins, the cold-shock domain (CSD)-containing proteins, also called Y-box proteins, play a key role in controlling the recruitment of mRNA to the translational machinery, in response to environmental cues, both in development and in differentiated cells. We recently cloned a rat cDNA encoding a new CSD-protein that we called PIPPin. This protein also contains two putative double-stranded RNA-binding motifs (PIP(1) and PIP(2)) flanking the central CSD, and is able to bind mRNAs encoding H1 degrees and H3.3 histone variants. In order to clarify the role of…
Dual film-like organelles enable spatial separation of orthogonal eukaryotic translation
2021
Summary Engineering new functionality into living eukaryotic systems by enzyme evolution or de novo protein design is a formidable challenge. Cells do not rely exclusively on DNA-based evolution to generate new functionality but often utilize membrane encapsulation or formation of membraneless organelles to separate distinct molecular processes that execute complex operations. Applying this principle and the concept of two-dimensional phase separation, we develop film-like synthetic organelles that support protein translation on the surfaces of various cellular membranes. These sub-resolution synthetic films provide a path to make functionally distinct enzymes within the same cell. We use t…
Proteins participating to the post-transcriptional regulation of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV via elements located in the 3′UTR
2009
Abstract In developing rat brain cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COXIV) expression is also regulated at post-transcriptional level and two 3′UTR-COXIV RNA-binding factors have been identified. Here, we report the enrichment and identification of the factors from just born rat brains by affinity chromatography of biotinylated 3′UTR-COXIV RNA–protein complexes on streptavidin-conjugated paramagnetic particles. We successfully isolated two main proteins of about 86 and 42 kDa, whose sequences were highly attributable to Hsp90 and Actin. The purified proteins maintain RNA-binding ability and specificity for COXIV messenger and, interacting with the 3′UTR, then could negatively modulate mRNA tr…
Molecular cloning and evolution of lobster hemocyanin.
2001
In the American lobster, Homarus americanus, oxygen is transported by a hemocyanin that is composed 2 x 6 subunits. N-terminal sequencing show the presence of three distinct subunit types (alpha, beta and gamma). We cloned the cDNA of one of these subunits that belong to the alpha-type. It encodes a hemocyanin subunit of 654 amino acids with a molecular mass of 84.8 kDa, which is synthesized in the hepatopancreas. Phylogenetic analyses of the crustacean hemocyanin sequences show two well-separated clades, which correspond to the alpha and gamma-type subunits. Sequences of beta-type subunits are still unknown. The gamma-sequences have evolved about 15% faster than the alpha-subunits, consist…
Effect of transfection with PLP2 antisense oligonucleotides on gene expression of cadmium-treated MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells
2012
Emerging evidence indicates that cadmium (Cd) is able to regulate gene expression, drastically affecting the pattern of transcriptional activity in human normal and pathological cells. We have already shown that exposure of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells to 5 μM CdCl(2) for 96 h, apart from significantly affecting mitochondrial metabolism, induces modifications of the expression level of genes coding for members of stress response-, mitochondrial respiration-, MAP kinase-, NF-κB-, and apoptosis-related pathways. In the present study, we have expanded the knowledge on the biological effects of Cd-breast cancer cell interactions, indicating PLP2 (proteolipid protein-2) as a novel member of the…