Search results for "methods"

showing 10 items of 4526 documents

Theoretical study of the electron structure of superheavy elements with an open 6d shell: Sg, Bh, Hs, and Mt

2019

We use recently developed efficient versions of the configuration interaction method to perform {\em ab initio} calculations of the spectra of superheavy elements seaborgium (Sg, $Z=106$), bohrium (Bh, $Z=107$), hassium (Hs, $Z=108$) and meitnerium (Mt, $Z=109$). We calculate energy levels, ionization potentials, isotope shifts and electric dipole transition amplitudes. Comparison with lighter analogs reveals significant differences caused by strong relativistic effects in superheavy elements. Very large spin-orbit interaction distinguishes subshells containing orbitals with a definite total electron angular momentum $j$. This effect replaces Hund's rule holding for lighter elements.

PhysicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementBohriumConfiguration interaction7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesHassiumPhysics - Atomic Physics010305 fluids & plasmasAtomic orbitalchemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsSeaborgium0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsElectric dipole transition010306 general physicsRelativistic quantum chemistryPhysical Review A
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Accurate ab initio density fitting for multiconfigurational self-consistent field methods

2008

Using Cholesky decomposition and density fitting to approximate the electron repulsion integrals, an implementation of the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) method suitable for large-scale applications is presented. Sample calculations on benzene, diaquo-tetra- μ -acetato-dicopper(II), and diuraniumendofullerene demonstrate that the Cholesky and density fitting approximations allow larger basis sets and larger systems to be treated at the CASSCF level of theory with controllable accuracy. While strict error control is an inherent property of the Cholesky approximation, errors arising from the density fitting approach are managed by using a recently proposed class of auxi…

PhysicsBasis (linear algebra)Field (physics)Ab initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaPhysics and Astronomy (all)Ab initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistryOrganic compoundsDensity functional theorySCF calculationsDensity functional theoryComplete active spaceStatistical physicsAb initio calculationsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAb initio calculations ; Density functional theory ; Organic compounds ; SCF calculations:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Cholesky decomposition
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Charoite, as an example of a structure with natural nanotubes

2012

Charoite from the Murun massif in Yakutiya, Russia (Vorob’ev 2008) was investigated using automated electron diffraction tomography (ADT) (Kolb et al. 2007, 2008; Mugnaioli et al. 2010) and precession electron diffraction (PED) (Mugnaioli et al. 2010, 2009), which allowed to determine the structure of charoite for the first time. The structure was solved ab initio in space group P21/m by direct methods using a fully kinematic approach. The least squares refinements with 2878 reflections F(hkl) >4s F converged to unweighted/weighted residuals R 1/wR 2 • 0.173/0.21 (Rozhdestvenskaya et al. 2010).

PhysicsBoron Nitride; Mirror Plane; Potassium Atom; Apical Oxygen; Kinematic ApproachApical OxygenAnalytical chemistryStructure (category theory)Ab initioengineering.materialLeast squaresPotassium AtomElectron diffractionCharoiteDirect methodsengineeringPrecession electron diffractionBoron NitrideKinematic ApproachBoron Nitride Mirror Plane Potassium Atom Apical Oxygen Kinematic ApproachMirror planeMirror Plane
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Finite-temperature correlations in the trapped Bose-Einstein gas

2001

There is a large literature (cf. eg. [1, 2]) which, under conditions of translational invariance, has used functional integral methods to calculate, ab initio, the equilibrium finite temperature 2-point correlation functions (Green ’s functions) \[\left\langle {\hat \psi (r,\tau ){{\hat \psi }^\dag }(r',\tau ')} \right\rangle \] \(G\left( {r,r'} \right) \equiv \left\langle {\psi \left( {r,\tau } \right){{{\hat{\psi }}}^{\dag }}\left( {r',\tau '} \right)} \right\rangle \) for a Bose gas in each of d=3, d=2, d=1 space dimensions: (…) means thermal average and τ, τ′ are ‘thermal times’ for which 0<τ,<τ′β and β−1=k B T, T the temperature. These functional integral methods [1, 2] solve the many-…

PhysicsBose gaslawAb initio quantum chemistry methodsQuantum mechanicsZero (complex analysis)General Physics and AstronomyCoherent statesField (mathematics)Exponential decaySpace (mathematics)Bose–Einstein condensatelaw.inventionEurophysics Letters (EPL)
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The MEGA Project for Medium Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy

2006

The Medium Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy (MEGA) telescope concept will soon be proposed as a MIDEX mission. This mission would enable a sensitive all-sky survey of the medium-energy gamma-ray sky (0.4–50 MeV) and bridge the huge sensitivity gap between the COMPTEL and OSSE experiments on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory and the visionary Advanced Compton Telescope (ACT) mission. The scientific goals include compiling a much larger catalog of sources in this energy range, performing far deeper searches for supernovae, better measuring the galactic continuum and line emissions, and identifying the components of the cosmic diffuse gamma-ray emission. MEGA records and images gamma rays by complet…

PhysicsCOSMIC cancer databaseAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCompton telescopemedia_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsGamma rayAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsGamma-ray astronomyAstrophysicslaw.inventionTelescopeSupernovaSpace and Planetary ScienceObservatorySkylawAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysicsmedia_commonChinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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The Absolute Flux Calibration of the UVBY Photometric System

1996

We present the absolute flux calibration for the uvby photometric system passbands, derived from homogeneous spectroscopic and photometric standard star lists, and referred to the Vega absolute flux calibration of Hayes (1985).

PhysicsCalibration (statistics)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsVegaFluxAstronomyPhotometric systemAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceHomogeneousAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsPhotometric-standard starAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPublications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
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The MEGA project

2004

Abstract We describe the development of a new telescope for Medium Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy (MEGA) for the energy band 0.4–50 MeV. As a successor to COMPTEL and EGRET (low energies), MEGA aims to improve the sensitivity for astronomical sources by at least an order of magnitude. It could thus fill the severe sensitivity gap between scheduled or operating hard-X-ray and high-energy γ-ray missions and open the way for a future Advanced Compton Telescope. MEGA records and images γ-rays by completely tracking Compton and Pair creation events in a stack of double sided Si-strip track detectors surrounded by a pixelated CsI calorimeter. A scaled down prototype has been built and calibrations us…

PhysicsCalorimeter (particle physics)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCompton telescopeAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsMega-Tracking (particle physics)law.inventionTelescopeStack (abstract data type)Space and Planetary SciencelawSensitivity (electronics)Beam (structure)New Astronomy Reviews
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Toward early-warning detection of gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence

2012

Rapid detection of compact binary coalescence (CBC) with a network of advanced gravitational-wave detectors will offer a unique opportunity for multi-messenger astronomy. Prompt detection alerts for the astronomical community might make it possible to observe the onset of electromagnetic emission from (CBC). We demonstrate a computationally practical filtering strategy that could produce early-warning triggers before gravitational radiation from the final merger has arrived at the detectors.

PhysicsCoalescence (physics)Warning system010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitational waveDetectorAstronomyBinary numberFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Electromagnetic emission01 natural sciencesRapid detectionGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologySpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Computer Science::Cryptography and Security
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Interference Effects in Photodetachment of F- in a Strong Circularly Polarized Laser Pulse

2007

A numerical simulation of photodetachment of F{sup -} by a circularly polarized laser pulse has been accomplished by using a Keldysh-type approach. The numerical results are in agreement with measurements of photoelectron energy spectra recently reported in the literature. The features exhibited by the spectra are traced back to quantum interference effects, in the same spirit as in a double-slit experiment in the time doma0008.

PhysicsComputer simulationComputer simulation Laser pulses Measurement theory Numerical methods Time domain analysisNumerical analysisInterference (wave propagation)LaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaPulse (physics)law.inventionX-ray photoelectron spectroscopylawPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsEnergy (signal processing)
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Comment on "High-pressure phases of group-II difluorides: Polymorphism and superionicity"

2018

Nelson et al. [Phys. Rev. B 95, 054118 (2017)] recently have reported first-principles calculations on the behaviour of group-II difluorides (BeF$_{2}$, MgF$_{2}$, and CaF$_{2}$) under high-pressure and low- and high-temperature conditions. The calculations were based on ab initio random structure searching and the quasi-harmonic approximation (QHA). Here, we point out that, despite the of inestimable value of such calculations at high-pressure and low-temperature conditions, the high-$P$ high-$T$ phase diagram proposed by Nelson et al. for CaF$_{2}$ neither is in qualitative agreement with the results of previous ab initio molecular dynamics simulations nor with the existing corps of exper…

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceGroup iiDifluorideAb initioThermodynamicsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPolymorphism (materials science)Ab initio quantum chemistry methodsHigh pressurePhase (matter)0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyPhase diagram
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