Search results for "metodologia"
showing 10 items of 257 documents
The influence of religious identity and socio-economic status on diet over time, an example from medieval France
2019
International audience; In Southern France as in other parts of Europe, significant changes occurred in settlement patterns between the end of Antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages. Small communities gathered to form, by the tenth century, villages organized around a church. This development was the result of a new social and agrarian organization. Its impact on lifestyles and, more precisely, on diet is still poorly understood. The analysis of carbon and nitrogen isotopes in bone collagen from the inhabitants of the well-preserved medieval rural site Missignac-Saint Gilles le Vieux (fifth to thirteenth centuries, Gard, France) provides insight into their dietary practices and enab…
Patch-based survey methods for studying prehistoric human land-use in agriculturally modified landscapes: A case study from the Canal de Navarrés, ea…
2018
Abstract In landscapes whose surface has been modified by terracing and other agricultural land-use, the spatial and temporal patterning of prehistoric settlement can be difficult to detect using traditional, site-orientated archaeological survey methods, especially for small-scale societies. In these contexts, methods that can reveal occupational patterns at landscape scales, without the need to pinpoint specific sites of human occupation, can be especially useful. We employ a stratified, randomly selected patch-based survey strategy to examine socio-ecological dynamics from the Middle Paleolithic through Bell Beaker (Chalcolithic) periods within the Canal de Navarres, eastern Spain. We di…
Quantifying and addressing the prevalence and bias of study designs in the environmental and social sciences
2020
Building trust in science and evidence-based decision-making depends heavily on the credibility of studies and their findings. Researchers employ many different study designs that vary in their risk of bias to evaluate the true effect of interventions or impacts. Here, we empirically quantify, on a large scale, the prevalence of different study designs and the magnitude of bias in their estimates. Randomised designs and controlled observational designs with pre-intervention sampling were used by just 23% of intervention studies in biodiversity conservation, and 36% of intervention studies in social science. We demonstrate, through pairwise within-study comparisons across 49 environmental da…
Creating a questionnaire for a scientific study
2016
Using questionnaires has become a permanent part of collecting data in scientific studies within the sphere of human sciences as well as other disciplines. It has been utilized already for nearly a century in collecting data. The first questionnaires were carried out on paper but nowadays there are e-questionnaires alongside it which can be carried out through e-mail or published on a social media platform (for example, Facebook). An often used method is also a survey which is carried out with a research project's own web page, association or company etc. A questionnaire has been considered as an actual scientific method of data collection since 1930s. However, it was already used a little …
Ètica i ciència en la normativa lingüística
2014
L’article tracta un tema poc debatut: quines condicions ètiques, socials i científiques deuen satisfer les gramàtiques de les acadèmies. Les normes deuen estar fonamentades en estudis i en argumentacions, mai en el dogma i en l’autoritarisme. Amb mitjans objectius, les gramàtiques han de potenciar l’autoestima i la confiança dels parlants (§2). Com que els seus destinataris són els parlants en general, han de definir els conceptes que usen i han de buscar una redacció coherent i comprensible (§4). Eixes característiques contribuïxen a desplegar una formació crítica, que complementa l’autoestima. En el cas valencià, també hi ha l’objectiu d’augmentar la cohesió de la societat valenciana i su…
Managing an online survey about influenza vaccination in primary healthcare workers
2015
Online surveys are increasingly used due to their speed and efficiency. The aim of this study was to analyze factors that may have contributed to the quality and speed of response of an online survey on influenza vaccination in primary healthcare workers. A multicenter study including family physicians, nurses and pediatricians from primary healthcare teams from seven Spanish Autonomous Communities was designed. The centers were selected by simple random sampling. The survey remained active and accessible for 56 days and four reminders were sent. The odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to assess the association of sociodemographic variables and respondin…
El aprendizaje servicio como propuesta metodológica para una pedagogía crítica
2016
El presente artículo aborda la relación entre la pedagogía crítica y los pilaresfundamentales de la metodología del aprendizaje servicio. Su principal objetivo esdemostrar, de un modo concluyente, la idoneidad del aprendizaje servicio comometodología para alcanzar objetivos pedagógicos tales como la emancipación, latransformación y la justicia social. El trabajo parte de la clarificación de los pilaresfundamentales de la pedagogía crítica, entendida como paradigma filosófico-educativoque emerge de la Teoría Crítica de la Escuela de Frankfurt. Posteriormente, el artículoda cuenta de los fundamentos pedagógicos del aprendizaje servicio, aportandoargumentos que evidencian su capacidad para sat…
Archaeological survey projects in Sicily: issues and best practices from eighties to present time
2017
A partire dagli anni '80 del secolo scorso sono state effettuate numerose indagini archeologiche in Sicilia, in zone dell'isola molto diverse: approcci metodologici, contesti geografici e cronologici, ed infine lo stato dell'edizione, non sempre sono confrontabili tra loro da molti punti di vista Visualizza. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è sia di esaminare questi progetti, prestando attenzione agli aspetti metodologici e di possibili distorsioni interpretative, sia di elaborare buone pratiche utili per nuovi progetti. Since the 80s of the last century several archaeological surveys were carried out in Sicily, in very different areas of the island: methodological approaches, geographical and chr…
Implications for paleomobility studies of the effects of quaternary volcanism on bioavailable strontium: a test case in North Patagonia (Argentina)
2020
Strontium isotopes (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr) are used as geochemical tracers for paleomobility studies because they display predictable and stable patterns in ecosystems primarily controlled by the underlying geological regimes. While bedrock geology is stable over thousands of years, geomorphological processes can influence the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr in ecosystems over archeologically relevant timescales. Among these geomorphological processes, the deposition and reworking of volcanic sediments over Quaternary timescales are little studied but could be an important control of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr variations in many archeological regions. North Patagonia is a key archeological region to address animal and human movements, and a…
Arqueometría y georreferenciación con gvSIG en un yacimiento al aire libre. Campaña Mas d'Is 2015
2016
La Arqueología ha sido pionera entre las Humanidades en la utilización de los avances tecnológicos para acercarse al conocimiento histórico, lo que ha facilitado y mejorado el trabajo posterior de los datos registrados. Con programas como gvSIG, se pueden realizar estos estudios y georreferenciar unidades estratigráficas (UUEE), configurar la forma de estructuras o ubicar en el espacio las piezas arqueológicas encontradas, dotando de un significado más completo al trabajo de campo. En esta comunicación, aportamos nuestra experiencia para el tratamiento de datos del yacimiento neolítico de Mas d'Is (Penàguila, Alicante). La campaña de 2015 se abordó desde su inicio con el ánimo de informatiz…