Search results for "microcirculation"
showing 10 items of 319 documents
Particulate Matter Contamination of Intravenous Antibiotics Aggravates Loss of Functional Capillary Density in Postischemic Striated Muscle
2002
Through the increased use of less expensive and counterfeit medicines, the contamination of parenteral fluids and drugs by particulate matter poses an increasing health hazard worldwide. However, the mechanism of action of such contamination has never been conclusively demonstrated. We have systemically injected the particles contained in three different 1-g preparations of the antibiotic cefotaxime into hamsters and visualized the functional capillary density in striated skin muscle, using intravital fluorescence microscopy. Injection of particles from either of the three preparations did not affect capillary perfusion in normal muscle (n = 3 hamsters, each). However, injection of particle…
Stimulation of regional lymphatic and blood flow by epicutaneous oxazolone.
2002
The application of the epicutaneous antigen oxazolone results in persistent induration and erythema; however, the relative changes in lymph and blood flow in the inflammatory skin are largely unknown. To define the contribution of lymph and blood flow to the clinical appearance of cutaneous inflammation, we studied the sheep ear after the application of oxazolone. As a model for the study of these changes, the sheep ear had several experimental advantages: 1) a simplified superficial vascular network, 2) defined lymphatic drainage, and 3) an avascular and alymphatic cartilaginous barrier. Lymph flow was continuously monitored by cannulation of the prescapular efferent lymph duct. Blood flo…
Histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of bone tissue in aseptic necrosis of the femoral head
2021
Femoral head osteonecrosis, also known as avascular necrosis, is a disease with a multifactorial etiology, characterized by a profound change of bone architecture, which leads to the diminishing of bone resistance and femoral head collapse. The main causes that lead to femoral head necrosis are represented by the decrease of local blood perfusion and increase of intraosseous pressure, because of an excessive development of adipose tissue in the areolas of the trabecular bone tissue in the femoral head. The histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) study performed by us showed that most of bone trabeculae were damaged by necrotic-involutive processes, their sizes being reduced, both re…
Mutes gļotādas mikrocirkulācijas novērtējums izmantojot attēlvides fotopletizmogrāfiju
2019
Manipulācijas ar smaganām ir kļuvušas par standarta procedūrām zobārstniecībā rosinot nepieciešamību pēc smaganu funkcionālām izvērtēšanas metodēm. It īpaši tādēļ, ka smaganu klīniskā aina nevienmēr atspoguļo to funkcionālo stāvokli un morfoloģiskās īpatnības var nomaskēt funkcionālos traucējumus. Vietējā anestēzija ir neatņemama zobārstniecības procedūra, kas novērš pacienta diskomfortu manipulāciju laikā, taču dažreiz tā var radīt arī nevēlamās blakusparādības vai pat komplikācijas, kam ir vairāki iemesli (lielās devas, individuālā jutība uz kādu no anestēzijas komponentu, traucējumi pulpas un smaganu asins apgādē, vai pat neirotoksicitāte). Līdz ar to devas samazināšana ir ļoti svarīga, …
Vitamin E: Focus on Microcirculation
1998
(1998). Vitamin E: Focus on Microcirculation. Microcirculation: Vol. 5, No. 2-3, pp. 117-128.
The DD genotype of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene independently associates with CMR-derived abnormal microvascular perfusion in patients with…
2009
Abstract Introduction The role of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene on the result of thrombolysis at the microvascular level has not been addressed so far. We analyzed the implications of the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene on the presence of abnormal cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived microvascular perfusion after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Materials and Methods We studied 105 patients with a first anterior STEMI treated with thrombolytic agents and an open left anterior descending artery. Microvascular perfusion was assessed using first-pass perfusion CMR at 7 ±1 days. CMR studies were repeated 184 ± 11 days after STEM…
Type 1 Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy after Blood Flow–restricted Training in Powerlifters
2018
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of blood flow restricted resistance exercise (BFRRE) on myofiber areas (MFA), number of myonuclei and satellite cells (SC), muscle size and strength in powerlifters. METHODS Seventeen national level powerlifters (25+/-6 yrs [mean+/-SD], 15 men) were randomly assigned to either a BFRRE group (n=9) performing two blocks (week 1 and 3) of five BFRRE front squat sessions within a 6.5-week training period, or a conventional training group (Con; n=8) performing front squats at ~70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). The BFRRE consisted of four sets (first and last set to voluntary failure) at ~30% of 1RM. Muscle biopsies were obtained from m. vastus lateralis (VL…
A significant p value is not equivalent to the superiority of one test index over another
2019
Background In patients with septic shock, the skin is often chosen for the evaluation of peripheral perfusion and oxygenation. Changes in skin microcirculatory vessel oxygen saturation and relative hemoglobin concentration can be described using a mottling score or captured with hyperspectral imaging. However, the effectiveness of the mottling score in assessing microcirculation remains to be shown. We hypothesize that the mottling score in patients with septic shock is related to skin microcirculatory perfusion indices quantified by hyperspectral imaging, biomarkers that reflect endothelium activation and damage, and clinical outcome. Methods Hyperspectral imaging of the knee area was perf…
Physiological Mechanisms of Treatment Resistance
2009
It is generally accepted that tumor perfusion, microcirculation, characteristics of the interstitial space of tumors, oxygen (and nutrient) supply, tissue pH distribution and the bioenergetic status—factors that are usually closely linked and that define the so-called pathophysiological microenvironment—can markedly influence the therapeutic response of malignant tumors to sparsely ionizing radiation, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, hormonal therapy and immunotherapy. Besides more direct mechanisms involved in the development of acquired therapeutic resistance, there are in addition, obstacles in intratumor pharmacokinetics of antitumor agents due to delivery problems caused by an inade…
Angiotensin II Induces Neutrophil Accumulation In Vivo Through Generation and Release of CXC Chemokines
2004
Background—Angiotensin II (Ang II) is implicated in the development of cardiac ischemic disorders in which prominent neutrophil accumulation occurs. Ang II can be generated intravascularly by the renin-angiotensin system or extravascularly by mast cell chymase. In this study, we characterized the ability of Ang II to induce neutrophil accumulation.Methods and Results—Intraperitoneal administration of Ang II (1 nmol/L) induced significant neutrophil recruitment within 4 hours (13.3±2.3×106neutrophils per rat versus 0.7±0.5×106in control animals), which disappeared by 24 hours. Maximal levels of CXC chemokines were detected 1 hour after Ang II injection (577±224 pmol/L cytokine-inducible neut…