Search results for "migration"
showing 10 items of 1709 documents
Subventricular Zone-Derived Neuroblasts Migrate and Differentiate into Mature Neurons in the Post-Stroke Adult Striatum
2006
Recent studies have revealed that the adult mammalian brain has the capacity to regenerate some neurons after various insults. However, the precise mechanism of insult-induced neurogenesis has not been demonstrated. In the normal brain, GFAP-expressing cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles include a neurogenic cell population that gives rise to olfactory bulb neurons only. Herein, we report evidence that, after a stroke, these cells are capable of producing new neurons outside the olfactory bulbs. SVZ GFAP-expressing cells labeled by a cell-type-specific viral infection method were found to generate neuroblasts that migrated toward the injured striatum after middl…
The aristaless (Arx) gene: one gene for many "interneuronopathies".
2009
The ARX (Aristaless-related (X-linked) homeobox) gene is not only present in arthropods and their ancestors, but also in vertebrates including humans (ARX orthologs). The gene is composed of 5 coding exons and it is expressed predominantly in foetal and adult brain and skeletal muscle. In this review we report on our experience and review the existing literature on the genotype and phenotype heterogeneity associated with ARX abnormalities in humans ranging from severe neuronal migration defects (e.g., lissencephaly), to mild forms of X-linked mental retardation without apparent brain abnormalities. The ARX-related disorders are reviewed focusing on their clinical features and on the role of…
EU Migration policy to the test of fundamental rights
2021
The emergence of a common migration policy is recent, as the European Union tackles the issue of migration only belatedly. Common actions to regulate migration issues were implemented gradually from the 1970s, within a purely intergovernmental framework, then gradually within a common framework. This policy covers aspects relating to the entry and stay of third-country nationals on the territory of the European Union, the fight against irregular immigration and the control of external borders.The process of Europeanization of immigration and asylum rules has been a long and laborious one, and it remains unfinished due to states' attachment to their sovereignty. This is why the European Unio…
The Double-Deviant Identity of the Mass-Foreigner and the Lack of Authority of the Crimmigrationist State
2019
Crimmigration has its breeding ground in dystopian and securitarian narratives. The anti-hero of these narratives is the mass-foreigner, a stereotyped version of the foreigner usually depicted, alternatively or cumulatively, as an enemy or as a parasite of host societies. But not only does crimmigration presuppose such narratives (and the deviant identity of the mass-foreigner, which is connected with them) as a source of legitimation, it also fuels these same narratives by providing them with an official sanction: by merging criminalization and irregularization on a legal level, it heavily contributes to making the social identity of mass-foreigners into a doubly deviant one. The overarchi…
La maitrise du français écrit par les primo-arrivants : : une analyse des performances productives par frontière stochastique
2014
International audience; Cet article vise à déterminer les facteurs susceptibles d'expliquer le niveau de maîtrise du français écrit par les primo-arrivants en âge de travailler, sachant que peu de recherches ont été réalisées en France à ce sujet. L'originalité de cet article réside dans l'estimation d'une frontière stochastique de production afin d'expliquer les scores en français écrit des primo-arrivants (considérés comme producteurs de leurs propres compétences) et leurs performances productives. Les principaux résultats mettent en avant que la langue maternelle, l'âge au moment de l'immigration, le diplôme de la mère et la vie sociale sont des éléments qui influencent l'efficacité de c…
Language Mediation and Aspects of Accommodation in the Use of ELF
2014
There are numerous varieties of English spoken in Italy today, each repre-sented by one or more of the various migrant communities living in the country. These manifestations of World englishes reflect a wide range of lexical, syntactical, phonetic, pragmatic, interpersonal and cultural features. This paper argues that an interpreter or language mediator trained in standard English may not necessarily be able to comprehend or make him/herself understood adequately in other varieties of English. Thus, the recruitment of mediators/interpreters requires a certain amount of caution in terms of language choice. In order to investigate intelligibility, comprehensibility and accommodation in the c…
ELF and mixed linguistic varieties in the Sicilian Context of Immigration
2013
This study emerges from recent research within the context of a new Sicily, where the various ethnic groups living there have become ELF users, who appropriate the English language according to their own different native linguabackground. This phenomenon places Sicily in a complex position with regard to the creation of ElL speakers. Specific case-studies will support this paper in testifying to the growth of an ELF mode as a relexfied, hybridised and cannibalised language, which is adapted to the immigrants' linguistic necessities.
Subtitling into ELF. When accessibility becomes a counter information tool
2020
This study investigates the modalities by means of which the visual arts have recently been transformed by migration, and how aesthetic transformations within the context of (sub)titling have contributed to re-shaping identities and minority groups in filmic genres. The growing interest in migratory aesthetics has brought into representation marginalised subjectivities (i.e. the lives of Italians forced to emigrate from Libya after the Gadhafi coup d’état as the case in point in this work) in ways that depart from migrant depictions in the conventional media (e.g. the news bulletins). Against the backdrop of translation as a form of re-narration and an instrument of accessibility, and drawi…
Refugees and migrants in times of COVID-19: mapping trends of public health and migration policies and practices
2021
Refugees and migrants have been disproportionately affected by both the direct effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictive migration measures put in place, which, in turn, have hampered coordinated and consistent public health responses. This report maps how the needs of refugee and migrant have been addressed in COVID-19 responses across countries and how these have varied considerably from inclusive policies to discriminatory practices. Many countries ensured access to health care for refugees and migrants regardless of migration status, and several countries also suspended forced returns and prioritized alternatives to immigration detention. An integrated approach to migration a…