Search results for "minority"

showing 10 items of 159 documents

The Maudsley Environmental Risk Score for Psychosis

2018

AbstractBackgroundRisk prediction algorithms have long been used in health research and practice (e.g. prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes). However, similar tools have not been developed for mental health. For example, for psychotic disorders, attempts to sum environmental risk are rare, unsystematic and dictated by available data. In light of this, we sought to develop a valid, easy to use measure of the aggregate environmental risk score (ERS) for psychotic disorders.MethodsWe reviewed the literature to identify well-replicated and validated environmental risk factors for psychosis that combine a significant effect and large-enough prevalence. Pooled estimates of relative r…

MaleMarijuana AbusePsychosisUrban PopulationPopulationEthnic groupDiseaseEnvironmentRisk AssessmentPaternal Agerisk prediction03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAdverse Childhood ExperiencesPregnancyRisk FactorsEnvironmental healthEthnicitymedicineHumanspsychosisRisk factoreducationMinority GroupsApplied Psychologyeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryOriginal ArticlesOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseMental healthObstetric Labor Complications3. Good health030227 psychiatryschizophreniaPsychiatry and Mental healthPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaRelative riskFemaleliabilitybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Social disadvantage, linguistic distance, ethnic minority status and first-episode psychosis: Results from the EU-GEI case-control study

2021

The European Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) Project was funded by grant agreement Health-F2-2010-241909 (Project EU-GEI) from the European Community’s Seventh Framework programme. The Brazilian study was funded by grant 2012-0417-0 from the São Paulo Research Foundation. Dr Jongsma is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (grant ES/S011714/1). Dr Kirkbride is funded by the Wellcome Trust and Royal Society (Grant 101272/Z/13/Z). Dr Jongsma and Professor Jones are funded by the National Institute of Health Research Collaboration of Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care East of England. Professor Rutten is funded…

MaleSocial Determinants of HealthEthnic groupPoison controlIMMIGRANTSOccupational safety and health0302 clinical medicinepsychotic disordersSCHIZOPHRENIADiscriminationOdds RatioApplied PsychologyRISKHYPOTHESISCommunication BarriersLinguistic distanceMiddle AgedDiscrimination; epidemiology; ethnicity; psychotic disorders; social disadvantage3. Good healthSocial researchEuropePsychiatry and Mental healthMIGRANT GROUPSethnicityFemaleepidemiologySTRIATAL DOPAMINE FUNCTIONAdultAdolescentDISORDERSsocial disadvantage1ST EPISODEBlack PeopleLibrary scienceTRANSTORNOS PSICÓTICOSWhite PeopleYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesFirst episode psychosisPolitical scienceHumansMinority statusINCIDENCE RATESHealth Status DisparitiesOriginal Articlespsychotic disorder030227 psychiatryCase-Control StudiesEthnic and Racial MinoritiesIDENTITYGene-Environment InteractionSocial disadvantage030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Health and self-perceived barriers to internet use among older migrants : a population-based study

2022

Background:In older adults, including those with a migrant background, ill health is associated with less internet use. However, it is not known what are the specific self-perceived barriers to internet use among older migrants with different health conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between different health conditions and self-perceived barriers to internet use among older migrants.Methods:We used the Care, Health and Ageing of Russian-speaking Minority in Finland (CHARM) study, which is a nationally representative survey of community-dwelling Russian-speaking adults aged ≥50 years living in Finland (N=1082, 57% men, mean age 63.2 years, standard deviatio…

MalemasennusAgingmediankäyttötieto- ja viestintätekniikkadigital information technologymigrantscognitive functioningSurveys and QuestionnairesInternet useHumanskrooniset tauditMinority Groupsolder adultsAgedTransients and MigrantsInternetterveydentilaPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthMiddle Agedchronic conditionsesteetmaahanmuuttajatmaahanmuuttajatausta5142 Social policyInternet UsedepressionFemalebarriers to internet useikääntyneetpsyykkinen toimintakyky
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Optical and photovoltaic properties of indium selenide thin films prepared by van der Waals epitaxy

2001

Indium selenide thin films have been grown on p-type gallium selenide single crystal substrates by van der Waals epitaxy. The use of two crucibles in the growth process has resulted in indium selenide films with physical properties closer to these of bulk indium selenide than those prepared by other techniques. The optical properties of the films have been studied by electroabsorption measurements. The band gap and its temperature dependence are very close to those of indium selenide single crystals. The width of the fundamental transition, even if larger than that of the pure single crystal material, decreases monotonously with temperature. Exciton peaks are not observed even at low temper…

Materials scienceBand gapExcitonIndium compounds ; III-VI semiconductors ; Semiconductor epitaxial layers ; Electroabsorption ; Excitons ; Minority carriers ; Carrier lifetimeCarrier lifetimeGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementIII-VI semiconductorschemistry.chemical_compoundIndium compounds:FÍSICA [UNESCO]SelenideThin filmMinority carriersbusiness.industrySemiconductor epitaxial layersUNESCO::FÍSICACarrier lifetimeCopper indium gallium selenide solar cellschemistryElectroabsorptionOptoelectronicsExcitonsbusinessSingle crystalIndium
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Millisecond radiative recombination in poly(phenylene vinylene)-based light-emitting diodes from transient electroluminescence

2007

The current and electroluminescence transient responses of standard poly phenylene vinylene -based light-emitting devices have been investigated. The electroluminescence time response is longer milliseconds scale than the current switch-off time by more than one order of magnitude, in the case of small area devices 0.1 cm2 . For large area devices 6 cm2 the electroluminescence decay time decreases from 1.45 ms to 100 s with increasing bias voltage. The fast current decay limits the electroluminescence decay at higher voltages. Several approaches are discussed to interpret the observed slow decrease of electroluminescence after turning off the bias. One relies upon the Langevin-type bimolecu…

Materials scienceCarrier transportConducting polymersGeneral Physics and AstronomyOrganic light emitting diodesElectroluminescencelaw.inventionCurrent density:FÍSICA [UNESCO]lawPhenyleneOLEDSpontaneous emissionMinority carriersbusiness.industryUNESCO::FÍSICABiasingLight emitting diodesElectroluminescenceBias voltageElectron-hole recombinationOptoelectronicsElectron trapsbusinessConducting polymers ; Organic light emitting diodes ; Electron-hole recombination ; Electroluminescence ; Minority carriers ; Electron traps ; Current densityCurrent densityOrder of magnitudeLight-emitting diode
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New process of silicon carbide purification intended for silicon passivation

2017

Abstract In this work, we report on a new, efficient and low cost process of silicon carbide (SiC) powder purification intended to be used in photovoltaic applications. This process consists on the preparation of porous silicon carbide layers followed by a photo-thermal annealing under oxygen atmosphere and chemical treatment. The effect of etching time on impurities removal efficiency was studied. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) results showed that the best result was achieved for an etching time of 10 min followed by gettering at 900 °C during 1 h. SiC purity is improved from 3N (99.9771%) to 4N (99.9946%). Silicon carbide thin films were deposited onto s…

Materials sciencePassivationSiliconAnnealing (metallurgy)chemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologySilicon carbideCondensed Matter Physic01 natural sciencesSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaPulsed laser depositionPassivationchemistry.chemical_compoundMinority carrier lifetime0103 physical sciencesSilicon carbideImpuritieGeneral Materials ScienceThin filmElectrical and Electronic Engineering010302 applied physicsGetteringbusiness.industryICP-AESCarrier lifetime021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicschemistryOptoelectronicsMaterials Science (all)Inductively coupled plasma0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Perceived major experiences of discrimination, ethnic group, and risk of psychosis in a six-country case-control study

2021

AbstractBackgroundPerceived discrimination is associated with worse mental health. Few studies have assessed whether perceived discrimination (i) is associated with the risk of psychotic disorders and (ii) contributes to an increased risk among minority ethnic groups relative to the ethnic majority.MethodsWe used data from the European Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions Work Package 2, a population-based case−control study of incident psychotic disorders in 17 catchment sites across six countries. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the associations between perceived discrimination and psychosis using mixed-…

Mediation (statistics)LIFE EVENTSMIGRATIONPopulationEthnic groupLogistic regressionpsychosiOdds03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMINORIAS ÉTNICASSCHIZOPHRENIAMedicinepsychosisfirst-episodeeducationCase−controlApplied PsychologyTRAUMACase-control discrimination first-episode minority ethnic group multi-country psychosis psychotic disorderFirst episodemulti-countryeducation.field_of_studyminority ethnic groupCONSEQUENCESbusiness.industryAbsolute risk reductionPATHWAYSOdds ratiopsychotic disorderCase-controlMEDIATION ANALYSIS030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental health[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]HEALTHbusinessCHILDHOOD ADVERSITIES030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDemographydiscrimination
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Mental health of medical students belonging to sexual minorities: A focus on help-seeking behavior in an Italian multicenter survey

2021

The aim was to examine social, university, health-related differences among heterosexual and Sexual Minority Medical students (SM-Meds), and explore predictors of help-seeking behavior (i.e., current psychological support and hypothetical university counseling use). A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in Italy (2018). Questionnaires included socio-demographic items and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Chi-squared tests and multivariable regressions adjusted for BDI-II score were performed (sample size = 2513). SM-Meds were 13.9%. SM-Meds with depressive symptoms were 40.5%. Both considering overall and non-depressed students, SM-Meds exercised less and had worst relation…

Medical student05 social sciencesmedical students050109 social psychologyMental healthSexual minoritie050105 experimental psychologyHelp seeking behaviorSexual minoritySocial supporthelp-seeking behaviorsexual minoritiesMulticenter surveyPsychological supporthelp-seeking behavior; medical students; mental health; sexual minorities0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPsychologymental healthGeneral PsychologyDepressive symptomsDepression (differential diagnoses)Clinical psychologyCurrent Psychology
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Das zweifache Komplementierersystem im Zimbrischen: Romanische Entlehnung und Eigenentwicklung

2018

Cimbrian is a German(ic) minority language which has long been in contact with Romance varieties in the Northeast of Italy and represents an ideal object of analysis for investigating some specific issues in language contact, such as the borrowing of functional words. In this article, we first provide a detailed description of the Cimbrian subordination system putting forward an analysis of both the Romance loanword ke and the native complementizer az; secondly, we try to generalize the concept of ‘functional loanword’ comparing Cimbrian with typologically different languages. In a nutshell, we propose a common grammaticalization path, by which functional words borrowed from a model languag…

Minderheitensprachencomplementizer Cimbrian minority languages adjectivesZimbrischMinderheitensprachen Zimbrisch AdjektiveSettore L-LIN/14 - Lingua E Traduzione - Lingua TedescaKomplementiererAdjektiveSettore L-LIN/01 - Glottologia E Linguistica
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Sense of belonging to Latvia in Latvian- and Russian-speaking residents of Latvia

2019

This study examined the sense of belonging to Latvia in Latvian-speaking and Russianspeaking residents of Latvia. The structural model involved opportunities for the fulfillment of personal goals and views of the situation in Latvia and the community as predictors of the sense of belonging at both levels of ecological systems. The Russianspeaking subsample consisted of 202 students ranging in age from 18 to 36 (65% females). The Latvian-speaking subsample involved 438 students ranging in age from 18 to 37 (67% females). The Sense of Belonging in Social Context Questionnaire and the Future of Country Questionnaire were applied. Belonging to community predicted belonging to Latvia in both gro…

Minority grouplcsh:BF1-990Ecological systems theory050105 experimental psychologySense of belonging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCountry level0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesethnolinguistic groupSocioeconomicsGeneral Psychology05 social sciencesSocial environmentLatvianLimitingLatvialanguage.human_languageEmigrationGeographylcsh:Psychologyperceived opportunitieslanguagecommunitysense of belonging030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPsihologija
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