Search results for "mixture"
showing 10 items of 1178 documents
Soot-exposed mononuclear cells increase inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression and protein secretion in cocultured bronchial epithelial cells.
2000
<i>Background:</i> Soot particles are air pollutants capable of inducing airway and lung parenchymal injury. Mononuclear and bronchial epithelial cells are central to the maintenance of homeostasis and inflammation in the airways. <i>Objectives:</i> The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of mononuclear cells to the release of inflammatory mediators by bronchial epithelial cells. <i>Methods:</i> To model the in vivo situation, an in vitro system of cocultured blood monocytes and BEAS-2B cells was established in a transwell system. Blood monocytes were exposed to soot particles (FR 101) at concentrations of up to 100 μg/10<sup>6</su…
Biomechanical properties and histomorphometric features of aortic tissue in patients with or without bicuspid aortic valve
2020
Background We sought to investigate and compare biomechanical properties and histomorphometric findings of thoracic ascending aorta aneurysm (TAA) tissue from patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) in order to clarify mechanisms underlying differences in the clinical course. Methods Circumferential sections of TAA tissue in patients with BAV (BAV-TAA) and TAV (TAV-TAA) were obtained during surgery and used for biomechanical tests and histomorphometrical analysis. Results In BAV-TAA, we observed biomechanical higher peak stress and lower Young modulus values compared with TAV-TAA wall. The right lateral longitudinal region seemed to be the most fragile zon…
Induction of erod activity in HEPA-1 mouse hepatoma cells and estrogenicity in mcf-7 human breast cancer cells by extracts of pulp mill effluents, sl…
1998
Extracts of effluents and sludges from the primary and secondary clarifiers of an activated sludge treatment plant at a Finnish bleached kraft pulp and paper mill were analyzed in two cell bioassays. Total dioxin-like activities were determined by measuring the induction of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in Hepa-1 mouse hepatoma cells. Estrogenicity was studied by measuring luciferase activity in MCF-7 ERE-luc, which are MCF-7 human breast cancer cells stably transfected with an estrogen-responsive element linked to a luciferase promoter. Sediments collected near the pulp mill and from other sites in Lake Saimaa as well as fillets of whitefish exposed to effluents were examine…
Transport of high molecular mass lignin material in the receiving water system of a mechanical pulp mill
1998
High molecular mass material (HMM) of water samples collected from the receiving water system of a mechanical pulp mill was characterized applying cupric oxide oxidation combined with GC and HPLC analysis of the oxidation products. This qualitative method was used to follow the transport of organic HMM discharged by the mill. The interpretation of results was complicated by degradation reactions of HMM in the water system and the assimilation of HMM produced by the mill to natural humic compounds. The analytical data was subjected to the principal component analysis (PCA) to verify the results obtained.
Alkyl polychlorobibenzyls and planar aromatic chlorocompounds in pulp mill products, effluents, sludges and exposed biota
1992
Abstract Aromatic chlorocompounds which interfere in GC/MS analysis of dioxins were studied in samples from three different pulp mills and in fish and mussels exposed to pulp mill effluents. The major interfering compounds were chlorinated alkyl bibenzyls (R-PCBBs; R = C5-alkyl; P = 1–4). In pulp mill samples, levels of C5-PCBBs (10–120 ng/l in effluents, 5–33 ng/g in dried sludges) were orders of magnitude higher than the levels of toxic PCDDs and PCDFs. C5-PCBBs bioaccumulated slightly to the recipient fish (0–2 pg/g in fresh muscles) and to incubated mussels (3–26 ng/g in lipid). In mussels, significant levels (19–73 ng/g in lipid) of other than pulp mill originated toxic hepta- and octa…
Pressurized liquid extraction combined with capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry as an improved methodology for the determination of sulfonami…
2007
A new analytical method, based on capillary electrophoresis and tandem mass spectrometry (CE-MS2), is proposed and validated for the identification and simultaneous quantification of 12 sulfonamides (SAs) in pork meat. The studied SAs include sulfathiazole, sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxypyridazine, sulfaguanidine, sulfanilamide, sulfadimethoxyne, sulfapyridine, sulfachloropyridazine, sulfisoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfabenzamide and sulfadimidine. Different parameters (i.e. separation buffer, sheath liquid, electrospray conditions) were optimized to obtain an adequate CE separation and high MS sensitivity. MS2 experiments using an ion trap as analyzer, operating in the selected reaction monitori…
"Historical pigments characterisation by quantitative X-ray fluorescence"
2014
Abstract Most of the historical paints are mainly constituted by inorganic pigments, either pure or mixed, spread on the surfaces using different binding agents. The knowledge of the exact amount of different constituents of the paint, as well as of the mixing and pictorial techniques, is crucial for a careful program of conservation of polychrome works. Moreover, since the availability of these pigments has been changing through the centuries, their identification and chemical characterisation is useful to acquire or deepen information about the artist and his/her work. This information can also be useful for authentication purposes through relative dating because the identification of one…
Residential Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution during Pregnancy and Anthropometric Measures at Birth in a Multicenter Cohort in Spain
2011
Background: A growing body of research suggests that prenatal exposure to air pollution may be harmful to fetal development. We assessed the association between exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and anthropometric measures at birth in four areas within the Spanish Children’s Health and Environment (INMA) mother and child cohort study. Methods: Exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and benzene was estimated for the residence of each woman (n = 2,337) for each trimester and for the entire pregnancy. Outcomes included birth weight, length, and head circumference. The association between residential outdoor air pollution exposure and birth outcomes was assessed with linear regress…
Occupational exposure to chlorinated and petroleum solvents and mycosis fungoides.
2013
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential association between occupational exposure to chlorinated and petroleum solvents and mycosis fungoides (MF).METHODS: A questionnaire on lifetime job history was administered to 100 patients diagnosed with MF and 2846 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated as the measure of the association between exposure to each specific solvent and MF.RESULTS: In the total sample and in men, cases and controls did not differ in relation to exposure to any of the solvents studied. In women, an association with MF was seen for the highest level of estimated exposure to perchloroethylene (OR = 11.38; 95% confidence interval: 1.04 to 124.85) and for exposure less than …
Assessment of Gamma Dose Rate at Mine Waste Dump
2013
Abstract Exploitation of coal deposits in Upper Silesia is associated with production of large quantities of waste deposited at dumps. The tested samples from five dumps showed different radioactivity from each other. Radioactivity measurements made it possible to analyze the degree of risk with the factors specified by UNSCEAR such as radium equivalent activity Raeq, internal Ein and external Eex occupancy factor. There is a raised level of radiation in dumps as compared with outside dump areas. In the study area, however, there is no risk associated with elevated levels of radiation in relation to standards established by the Council of Ministers of the ionizing radiation dose limits.