Search results for "modification"

showing 10 items of 853 documents

Epigenetic outlier profiles in depression: A genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of monozygotic twins

2018

Recent discoveries highlight the importance of stochastic epigenetic changes, as indexed by epigenetic outlier DNA methylation signatures, as a valuable tool to understand aberrant cell function and subsequent human pathology. There is evidence of such changes in different complex disorders as diverse as cancer, obesity and, to a lesser extent, depression. The current study was aimed at identifying outlying DNA methylation signatures of depressive psychopathology. Here, genome-wide DNA methylation levels were measured (by means of Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip) in peripheral blood of thirty-four monozygotic twins informative for depressive psychopathology (lifetime DSM-IV d…

Male0301 basic medicineTwinslcsh:MedicineBiochemistryGenomeEpigenesis GeneticDatabase and Informatics MethodsMedicine and Health SciencesDepressió psíquicalcsh:ScienceEpigenesisGeneticsDNA methylationMultidisciplinaryDepressionGenomicsMethylationMiddle AgedChromatinNucleic acidsMental depressionCpG sitePhysical SciencesDNA methylationBessonsEpigeneticsFemalegenoma humàDNA modificationChromatin modificationResearch ArticleChromosome biologyStatistical DistributionsAdultCell biologyHealth InformaticsGenomicsBiologyResearch and Analysis MethodsPolymorphism Single Nucleotidemalalties mentalsYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesMental Health and PsychiatryGeneticsHumansEpigeneticsGeneTreatment GuidelinesHealth Care PolicyBiology and life sciencesMood Disorderslcsh:RDNATwins MonozygoticEpigenèticaProbability TheoryExpressió gènicaHealth Care030104 developmental biologylcsh:QCpG IslandsGene expressionMathematicsDevelopmental Biology
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Effectiveness of a school-based multicomponent program for the treatment of children with ADHD

2002

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a multicomponent program for treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) carried out by teachers in a classroom context. Dependent measures included neuropsychological tasks, behavioral rating scales for parents and teachers, direct observation of behavior in the classroom, and academic records of children with ADHD. Fifty children with ADHD participated in the study. The teachers of 29 of the 50 students were trained in the use of behavior modification techniques, cognitive behavior strategies, and instructional management strategies. The other 21 students formed the control group. Parents' and teachers'ratings detec…

Male050103 clinical psychologyHealth (social science)medicine.medical_treatmenteducationContext (language use)Academic achievementAnxietybehavioral disciplines and activitiesEducationDevelopmental psychologyRating scaleBehavior Therapymental disordersmedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesChildSocial BehaviorCognitive Behavioral TherapyCognitive restructuring05 social sciencesBehavior change050301 educationCombined Modality TherapyBehavior modificationTreatment OutcomeAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityGeneral Health ProfessionsCognitive therapyAnxietyEducational StatusFemalemedicine.symptomPsychology0503 educationClinical psychology
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Oral Hygiene and Dietary Habits in Adolescents with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A Cross-sectional Study.

2016

ABSTRACT Objectives Fixed orthodontic appliances (FOAs) may cause a temporary deterioration of oral hygiene with corresponding gingival inflammatory changes. Optimal oral hygiene and dietary changes are essential in order to avoid periodontal inflammation. The present study investigates to what extent the recommendations made by the orthodontist are followed by young patients. Materials and methods A total of 67 adolescent patients with FOA were examined and interviewed. The control group consisted of 70 patients of the same age who had not undergone any orthodontic treatment. A specific questionnaire (assessing dietary habits, oral hygiene measures) was used and comprehensive oral findings…

MaleAdolescentCross-sectional studyAdolescent HealthDentistryDental plaqueOral hygiene03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOrthodontic AppliancesSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineGingival inflammationChildGeneral Dentistrybusiness.industryOral hygiene status030206 dentistryFeeding Behaviormedicine.diseaseDietary adviceOral HygieneCross-Sectional StudiesFemalebusinessDietary modificationsAdolescent healthThe journal of contemporary dental practice
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SARS CoV2 infection _The longevity study perspectives

2021

Graphical abstract

MaleAgingssRNA single-stranded RNARFLP restriction fragment length polymorphismHSPs heat shock proteinsReviewPTMs post-translational modificationsSevere Acute Respiratory SyndromeBiochemistryHIV-1 human immunodeficiency virus-1TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-αEC endothelial cells0302 clinical medicineFluAV influenza A virusI insertionMedicineIFN-γ interferon-γDIC disseminated intravascular coagulationPCR Polymerase Chain Reactionmedia_commonAged 80 and overLongevityRBD receptor-binding domainNeurologyLongevity modelMI myocardial infarctionNK natural killerhPIV2 human parainfluenza virus type 2media_common.quotation_subjectResearching genetic basis of resistance and potential pharmacological targetsLongevityDBP diastolic blood pressureNF-Kb nuclear transcription factor kBRANTES regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secretedMphi human macrophages03 medical and health sciencesCox 2 cyclooxygenase 2ORF open reading framePT prothrombin timeSettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaHumansMolecular BiologyInflammatory genesARDS acute respiratory distress syndromeNO nitric oxideD deletionCpGIs CpG islandsT2DM type 2 diabetes mellitusmedicine.diseaseFDP fibrin degradation products030104 developmental biologySARS CoV2 severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 virusImmunologyBMI body max indexItalian nonagenarians/centenariansRSV respiratory syncytial virusComplication030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinaseIP-10 IFN-γ -Inducible Protein 1040301 basic medicineAT1R activity of angiotensin 1 receptorsDCs dentritic cellsSSCP single strand conformation polymorphismACE/DD polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzymeFGF21 fibroblast growth factor 21TLR4 toll-like receptor 4NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideACE angiotensin-I converting enzymeAT2R activity of angiotensin 2 receptorsCOVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019Respiratory distressACE2 angiotensin converting enzyme 2MKP-1 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 ()PD protease domainSNP single nucleotide polymorphismEH essential hypertensionTNFR tumor necrosis factor receptorINR international normalized ratio of the prothrombin timePAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1Ang angiotensinLPS lipopolysaccharideMCP1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1medicine.symptomaPTT partial thromboplastin timeBiotechnologyDUSP1 dual specificity phosphatase 1Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)PC prostate cancerRAS renin-angiotensin aldosterone systemCCR5Δ32 genetic variant of chemokine receptorCOVID-19 Researching genetic basis of resistance and potential pharmacological targets Italian nonagenarians/centenarians Longevity modelAsymptomaticSARS-1 severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 1SIRT-1 Sirtuin 1Th1 t-helper lymphocyte type 1Immune systemROS reactive oxygen speciesTGF-β transforming growth factor betaET-1 endothelin-1ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSADAM-17 metallopeptidase domain 17business.industrySARS-CoV-2SBP systolic blood pressureCOVID-19HDACs histone deacetylasesComorbidityImmune Systembusiness5-LO lipoxygenase 5Ageing Research Reviews
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Inhibition of DNA methylation sensitizes glioblastoma for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-mediated destruction.

2005

AbstractLife expectancy of patients affected by glioblastoma multiforme is extremely low. The therapeutic use of tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been proposed to treat this disease based on its ability to kill glioma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Here, we show that, differently from glioma cell lines, glioblastoma multiforme tumors were resistant to TRAIL stimulation because they expressed low levels of caspase-8 and high levels of the death receptor inhibitor PED/PEA-15. Inhibition of methyltransferases by decitabine resulted in considerable up-regulation of TRAIL receptor-1 and caspase-8, down-regulation of PED/PEA-15, inhibition of cell growth, and …

MaleCancer ResearchMethyltransferaseNudeDrug ResistanceApoptosisReceptors Tumor Necrosis FactorTNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing LigandCASPASE-8 EXPRESSIONMiceNude mouseSIGNALING COMPLEXReceptorsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsTumor Cells CulturedDNA Modification MethylasesIN-VIVOHeterologousCaspase 8CulturedMembrane GlycoproteinsbiologyIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMiddle AgedTumor CellsGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticMALIGNANT GLIOMA-CELLSOncologyCaspasesDNA methylationAzacitidineTumor necrosis factor alphaFemalemedicine.drugSignal TransductionAdultBRAIN-TUMORSTransplantation HeterologousCHEMOTHERAPEUTIC-AGENTSDecitabineMice NudeDecitabineDRUG-INDUCED APOPTOSISDEATH RECEPTOR5-AZA-2'-DEOXYCYTIDINEIn vivoSettore MED/04 - PATOLOGIA GENERALEmedicineAnimalsHumansneoplasmsAgedTransplantationNeoplasticCell growthTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaHistocompatibility Antigens Class IDNA Methylationbiology.organism_classificationPhosphoproteinsReceptors TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing LigandGene Expression RegulationApoptosisDrug Resistance NeoplasmImmunologyCancer researchNeoplasmAdult; Aged; Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Azacitidine; Caspase 8; Caspases; DNA Modification Methylases; Drug Resistance Neoplasm; Female; Glioblastoma; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Mice Nude; Middle Aged; Phosphoproteins; Receptors TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; Receptors Tumor Necrosis Factor; Signal Transduction; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; Transplantation Heterologous; Tumor Cells Cultured; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; DNA Methylation; Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic; Cancer Research; OncologyTumor Necrosis FactorTRAIL-INDUCED APOPTOSISApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsGlioblastomaCancer research
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Loss of function mutation in the palmitoyl-transferase HHAT leads to syndromic 46,XY disorder of sex development by impeding Hedgehog protein palmito…

2014

The Hedgehog (Hh) family of secreted proteins act as morphogens to control embryonic patterning and development in a variety of organ systems. Post-translational covalent attachment of cholesterol and palmitate to Hh proteins are critical for multimerization and long range signaling potency. However, the biological impact of lipid modifications on Hh ligand distribution and signal reception in humans remains unclear. In the present study, we report a unique case of autosomal recessive syndromic 46,XY Disorder of Sex Development (DSD) with testicular dysgenesis and chondrodysplasia resulting from a homozygous G287V missense mutation in the hedgehog acyl-transferase (HHAT) gene. This mutation…

MaleCancer Research[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]medicine.disease_causeCell Fate DeterminationMiceTestisMorphogenesisMissense mutationddc:576.5Genetics (clinical)MutationHomozygoteCell DifferentiationHedgehog signaling pathwayPedigreeCell biologyFemaleSignal transductionSignal TransductionResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtylcsh:QH426-470LipoylationMolecular Sequence DataMutation MissenseBiologyPalmitoylationHHATInternal medicineGeneticsmedicineAnimalsHumansHedgehog ProteinsAmino Acid SequenceMolecular BiologyHedgehogEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsDisorder of Sex Development 46XY[ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]Sequence Homology Amino AcidBiology and Life SciencesSex Determinationlcsh:GeneticsEndocrinology46 XY Disorders of Sex Development/*genetics; Acyltransferases/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Female; Hedgehog Proteins/*metabolism; Homozygote; Humans; Lipoylation/*genetics; Male; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; *Mutation Missense; Pedigree; Sequence Homology Amino Acid; Signal Transduction/*genetics; Testis/embryologyLipid modificationAcyltransferasesDevelopmental Biology
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Promoter methylation of MGMT, MLH1 and RASSF1A tumor suppressor genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Pharmacological genome demethylation …

2012

Promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) is a common feature of primary cancer cells. However, to date the somatic epigenetic events that occur in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumorigenesis have not been well-defined. In the present study, we analyzed the promoter methylation status of the genes mutL homolog 1 (MLH1), Ras-association domain family member 1 (RASSF1A) and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in 23 HNSCC samples, three control tissues and one HNSCC cell line (UM-SCC 33) using methylation-specific PCR (MSP). The expression of the three proteins was quantified by semi-quantitative immunohistochemical analysis. The cell line was treate…

MaleCancer Researchmedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain Reactionchemistry.chemical_compoundRas association domain family member 1Genes Tumor Suppressortumor suppressor geneEnzyme InhibitorsPromoter Regions GeneticDNA Modification MethylasesAged 80 and overNuclear ProteinsArticlesGeneral MedicineMethylationMiddle AgedImmunohistochemistryPrimary tumorOncologyDealkylationHead and Neck NeoplasmsDNA methylationAzacitidineCarcinoma Squamous CellFemaleMutL Protein Homolog 1Molecular Sequence DataDown-RegulationBiologyhead and neck squamous cell carcinomamutL homolog 15-azacytidineCell Line TumormedicineHumansEpigeneticsneoplasmsO-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferaseAdaptor Proteins Signal TransducingAgedCell ProliferationBase SequenceDose-Response Relationship DrugTumor Suppressor ProteinsSequence Analysis DNADNA Methylationmedicine.diseaseHead and neck squamous-cell carcinomaMolecular biologyDemethylating agentSquamous carcinomastomatognathic diseasesDNA Repair EnzymeschemistryCase-Control StudiesCpG IslandsCarcinogenesisOncology Reports
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Immunoprofiles and DNA methylation of inflammatory marker genes in ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis

2021

Immunological and epigenetic changes are interconnected and contribute to tumorigenesis. We determined the immunoprofiles and promoter methylation of inflammation-related genes for colitis-associated colorectal carcinomas (CA-CRC). The results were compared with Lynch syndrome (LS)-associated colorectal tumors, which are characterized by an active immune environment through inherited mismatch repair defects. CA-CRCs (n = 31) were immunohistochemically evaluated for immune cell scores (ICSs) and PDCD1 and CD274 expression. Seven inflammation-associated genes (CD274, NTSR1, PPARG, PTGS2, PYCARD, SOCS1, and SOCS2), the repair gene MGMT, and eight standard marker genes for the CpG Island Methyl…

MaleCarcinogenesismedicine.disease_causeBiochemistry0302 clinical medicineIntestinal MucosaDNA Modification Methylases0303 health sciencesMUCOSADNA methylationtulehdusinflammation-associated genesPYCARDMethylationMiddle AgedLynch syndromeQR1-502EPIGENETICS3. Good healthDNA-metylaatioGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticPhenotypecolon cancerepigenetiikka030220 oncology & carcinogenesisimmuunivasteDNA methylationFemaleColorectal NeoplasmsCANCERSINSTABILITYsuolistosyövätBiology3121 Internal medicineMicrobiologyArticle03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumansEpigeneticsLynchin oireyhtymäMolecular Biologyneoplasms030304 developmental biologypaksusuolisyöpäulcerative colitisInflammationCpG Island Methylator PhenotypeTumor Suppressor Proteinshaavainen koliittimedicine.disease3126 Surgery anesthesiology intensive care radiologydigestive system diseasesDNA Repair EnzymesLynch syndrome3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicineMutationimmune cell scoreCancer research1182 Biochemistry cell and molecular biologyColitis UlcerativeCpG IslandsField cancerizationCarcinogenesisBiomarkers
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Coffee and its chemopreventive components Kahweol and Cafestol increase the activity of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in rat liver—compariso…

2003

Abstract A lower rate of colon cancer was observed in consumers of coffee with a high content of the diterpenes Kahweol and Cafestol (K/C). In animal models, K/C have been found to protect against the mutagenic/carcinogenic effects of compounds such as 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), aflatoxin B1, and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Thus far, such chemoprotection by K/C has been attributed to modifications of xenobiotic metabolism, e.g. enhanced detoxification by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) and/or glutathione transferase (GST). In the present study, we investigated the potential of several coffee-related treatments (K/C [1:1], Cafestol-alone, Turkish coffee) …

MaleDNA damageHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisCafestolBiologyCoffeeXenobioticschemistry.chemical_compoundGeneticsmedicineAnimalsDNA Modification MethylasesMolecular BiologyAnticarcinogenCarcinogenKahweolGlutathioneMolecular biologyRatsLiverchemistryBiochemistryDiterpenesAntimutagenDrug metabolismmedicine.drugMutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
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Androgen receptor activation by polychlorinated biphenyls

2013

The exposure to environmental endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC), as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), widely diffused in the environment may produce epigenetic changes that affect the endocrine system. We found that PCBs activate AR transcriptional activity and that this effect is potentiated by the demethylase Jarid1b, a histone demethylase that catalyzes the removal of trimethylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4me3), induced by PCB. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the treatment of cultured cells (HEK293) with a mixture of the most diffused environmental PCBs and, also with dihydrotestosterone (DHT), on the functional interaction between AR and Jarid1b. …

MaleJumonji Domain-Containing Histone DemethylasesJarid1bpolychlorinated biphenylsNuclear ProteinsEndocrine DisruptorsEpigenesis GeneticHistonesRepressor ProteinsReceptors Androgenandrogen receptorTumor Cells CulturedHumanshistone modificationFemaleenvironmentepigeneticResearch PaperEpigenetics
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