Search results for "modification"

showing 10 items of 853 documents

Neural cell pattern formation on glass and oxidized silicon surfaces modified with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)

1996

Control over the adsorption of proteins and over the adsorption and spatial orientation of mammalian cells onto surfaces has been achieved by modification of glass and other silicon oxide substrates with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). The functionalization of the substrates was achieved either by a polymer-analogous reaction of aminosilanes with reactive N-(isopropylacrylamide) (NIPAM)-copolymers and by copolymerization of NIPAM with surface-bound methacrylsilane. The obtained coatings were characterized by FT-1R, ellipsometry, and surface plasmon resonance measurements. The adsorption of two proteins-fibrinogen and ribonuclease A-on these surfaces was studied in situ by real time su…

SiliconMaterials scienceSiliconCell SurvivalPolymersSurface PropertiesUltraviolet RaysBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicschemistry.chemical_elementBioengineeringBiocompatible MaterialsBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundNeuroblastomaAdsorptionSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredCell AdhesionTumor Cells CulturedOrganic chemistryHumansSurface plasmon resonanceSilicon oxideAcrylamidesAdhesionBlood ProteinsGliomaMolecular WeightchemistryChemical engineeringPoly(N-isopropylacrylamide)Surface modificationGlassOxidation-ReductionCell DivisionProtein adsorption
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Aberrant methylation of tRNAs links cellular stress to neuro-developmental disorders.

2014

Mutations in the cytosine-5 RNA methyltransferase NSun2 cause microcephaly and other neurological abnormalities in mice and human. How post-transcriptional methylation contributes to the human disease is currently unknown. By comparing gene expression data with global cytosine-5 RNA methylomes in patient fibroblasts and NSun2-deficient mice, we find that loss of cytosine-5 RNA methylation increases the angiogenin-mediated endonucleolytic cleavage of transfer RNAs (tRNA) leading to an accumulation of 5' tRNA-derived small RNA fragments. Accumulation of 5' tRNA fragments in the absence of NSun2 reduces protein translation rates and activates stress pathways leading to reduced cell siz…

Small RNARNA methylationBiologyNSun2MethylationGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciencesMisuMice0302 clinical medicineRNA TransferGene expressionAnimalsHumans5‐methylcytidine ; Misu ; Nsun2 ; Rna ModificationMolecular Biology030304 developmental biology5-methylcytidineRegulation of gene expression0303 health sciencesTRNA methylationGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyGeneral NeuroscienceGene Expression ProfilingRNABrainArticlesMethylationMethyltransferasesRibonuclease PancreaticRNA modificationMolecular biologyOxidative StressGene Expression RegulationTransfer RNANervous System Diseases030217 neurology & neurosurgery5‐methylcytidine
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Isotropic stochastic flow of homeomorphisms on Sd for the critical Sobolev exponent

2006

Abstract In this work, we shall deal with the critical Sobolev isotropic Brownian flows on the sphere S d . Based on previous works by O. Raimond and LeJan and Raimond (see [O. Raimond, Ann. Inst. H. Poincare 35 (1999) 313–354] and [Y. LeJan, O. Raimond, Ann. of Prob. 30 (2002) 826–873], we prove that the associated flows are flows of homeomorphisms.

Sobolev exponentKolmogoroff modification theoremApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsEigenvectorIsotropyMathematical analysisSpherical representationHomeomorphismNon-Lipschitzian conditionSobolev spacesymbols.namesakeLaplace operatorMathematics::ProbabilityPoincaré conjecturesymbolsExponentIsotropic flowsLaplace operatorCritical exponentBrownian motionMathematicsJournal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées
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Predictors of enhancing human physical attractiveness: Data from 93 countries

2022

People across the world and throughout history have gone to great lengths to enhance their physical appearance. Evolutionary psychologists and ethologists have largely attempted to explain this phenomenon via mating preferences and strategies. Here, we test one of the most popular evolutionary hypotheses for beauty-enhancing behaviors, drawn from mating market and parasite stress perspectives, in a large cross-cultural sample. We also test hypotheses drawn from other influential and non-mutually exclusive theoretical frameworks, from biosocial role theory to a cultural media perspective. Survey data from 93,158 human participants across 93 countries provide evidence that behaviors such as a…

Social media usageSelf-modificationEvolutionary theoryAppearanceMating market perspectivePathogen stre
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N6 -Methyladenosine Modification in Chronic Stress Response Due to Social Hierarchy Positioning of Mice

2021

Appropriately responding to stressful events is essential for maintaining health and well-being of any organism. Concerning social stress, the response is not always as straightforward as reacting to physical stressors, e.g., extreme heat, and thus has to be balanced subtly. Particularly, regulatory mechanisms contributing to gaining resilience in the face of mild social stress are not fully deciphered yet. We employed an intrinsic social hierarchy stress paradigm in mice of both sexes to identify critical factors for potential coping strategies. While global transcriptomic changes could not be observed in male mice, several genes previously reported to be involved in synaptic plasticity, l…

Social stressMethyltransferase complexbehaviorQH301-705.5sex differenceStressorCell BiologyBiologydominancechemistry.chemical_compoundtranscriptomicschemistryCorticosteroneepigenetic modificationSynaptic plasticityChronic stressmethyltransferaseMRNA methylationN6-MethyladenosineBiology (General)NeuroscienceDevelopmental BiologyFrontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
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Reviewing 15 years of research on neoliberal conservation: Towards a decolonial, interdisciplinary, intersectional and community-engaged research age…

2021

Abstract In this paper, we undertake an extensive review of the neoliberal conservation literature with the aim to explore and substantiate the principal ways in which conservation is neoliberalized in practice as well as who has studied these processes and through which collaborative patterns. Using descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis, we explore selected characteristics of the peer-reviewed scholarship, including most commonly used concepts, methods and topics, geographical and co-authorship patterns, critical readings of key processes of neoliberalization, including commodification, privatization, dispossession, governance rescaling, governmentalities, and its engagement…

Sociology and Political ScienceCommodificationCorporate governance05 social sciences0211 other engineering and technologies0507 social and economic geography021107 urban & regional planningEnvironmental ethics02 engineering and technologyScholarshipGrassrootsAusterityCommodification of natureSociologyThematic analysis050703 geographySocial movementGeoforum
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Different meanings of ´knowledge as commodity` in the context of higher education

2013

Commodification has been and still is one of the key processes within capitalist market economies. Since the 1970s, different forms of knowledge have increasingly been subjected to this process. In this paper the commodification of knowledge in the field of higher education is defined in a broad sense as an example of the intensive enlargement of capitalism. I argue that knowledge shares some features of public goods and can be subjected to commodification both as an educational product and academic research itself. However, the simple dichotomy of public vs. private good is not nuanced enough to understand the status of knowledge within higher education. How to reconstruct this dichotomy,…

Sociology and Political ScienceCommodificationHigher educationbusiness.industryContext (language use)CapitalismPublic goodPrivate goodMarket economyta5141Product (category theory)SociologyPositive economicsbusinessCommodity (Marxism)Critical Sociology
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Halloysite nanotubes as nanoreactors for heterogeneous micellar catalysis

2021

Abstract Hypothesis Electrostatic attractions between the anionic head group of sodium alkylsulphates and the positively charged inner surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) drive to the formation of tubular inorganic micelles, which might be employed as nanoreactors for the confinement of non polar compounds in aqueous media. On this basis, sodium alkylsulphates/halloysite hybrids could be efficient nanocatalysts for organic reactions occurring in water. Experiments Sodium decylsulphate (NaDeS) and sodium dodecylsulphate (NaDS) were selected for the functionalization of the halloysite cavity. The composition, the structure and the surface charge properties of the hybrid nanotubes were dete…

SodiumMicellar catalysischemistry.chemical_elementNanoreactorengineering.materialHalloysiteMicelleCatalysisBiomaterialsMicroviscosityColloid and Surface ChemistryPulmonary surfactantNanotechnologyMicellesNanotubesChemistryHalloysite nanotubesSodium alkylsulphatesNanomaterial-based catalystSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsInorganic micellesChemical engineeringengineeringSurface modificationClay
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Different Type Clay Amendments for Lead Immobilization in Contaminated Soils

2014

Contamination with lead in soil is a crucial problem in industrial and military sites. Immobilization of lead by natural and modified clay as soil amendment can be an effective solution to this problem. Quaternary and Devonian clays were chosen for modification with NaCl, CaCl2, FeOOH and Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 in different proportions of Ca/P equimolar ratio to test and compare immobilization efficiency of lead (II) on raw and modified clays by using a batch leaching test. The aim of the study is to compare different types of raw and modified clays as soil amendments by lead immobilization properties.

Soil conditionerContaminated soilsMaterials scienceIron oxyhydroxideEnvironmental chemistryClay modification hydroxyapatite immobilization iron oxyhydroxide soil amendmentsAmendmentSoil scienceLeaching (metallurgy)ContaminationEffective solutionMaterial Science and Applied Chemistry
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ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Functionalization of Allyl Benzoates by C-H Insertion.

2013

The photoreactivity of allyl benzoates, containing an electron-rich double bond, has been explored by irradiation at 305 nm in different solvents. Solvent addition products arising from an insertion of the alpha H–C bonds of THF, dioxane, and i-PrOH to the allylic double bond was realized. The observed reactivity depended on reaction conditions and substitution pattern of the substrate. A DFT study on this unusual reaction was performed allowing the formulation of two mechanistic pathways.

SolventReaction conditionschemistry.chemical_classificationAllylic rearrangementDouble bondchemistrySubstrate (chemistry)Surface modificationReactivity (chemistry)General MedicinePhotochemistryBenzoatesChemInform
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