Search results for "molecular typing"
showing 10 items of 41 documents
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization: a three-year prospective study in a neonatal intensive care unit in Italy.
2014
Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major etiological agent of infection in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Routes of entry of this organism can be different and the transmission pathway complex. Colonized neonates are the main endogenous reservoir. Methods and Results: We conducted a prospective three-year study on MRSA colonization recruiting 722 neonates admitted between 2009 and 2012. Nasal swabs were cultured weekly and MRSA isolates were submitted to molecular typing. The annual incidence density of acquisition of MRSA ranged from a maximum of 20.2 cases for 1000 patient-days during the first year to a minimum of 8.8 cases in the second one to ra…
In vitro activities of tetracyclines against different clones of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from two Iranian hospitals.
2014
Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as one of the most challenging healthcare-related pathogens and its occurrence has increased worldwide, especially in patients admitted to intensive care units. A. baumannii isolates are frequently resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents and there are recent reports of isolates resistant to virtually all clinically relevant drugs. In the present study, the in vitro activities of tigecycline, minocycline and doxycycline against 67 MDR-AB isolates recovered from 29 burn and 38 non-burn Iranian patients hospitalised in Tehran and Tabriz, respectively, were studied. Tigecycline and minocycline may be still considered effective therapeutic options for MDR-A…
Characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii from intensive care units and home care patients in Palermo, Italy.
2011
AbstractIn this study 45 isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii identified from patients in intensive care units of three different hospitals and from pressure ulcers in home care patients in Palermo, Italy, during a 3-month period in 2010, were characterized. All isolates were resistant to at least three classes of antibiotics, but susceptible to colistin and tygecycline. Forty isolates were non-susceptible to carbapenems. Eighteen and two isolates, respectively, carried the blaOXA-23-like and the blaOXA-58-like genes. One strain carried the VIM-4 gene. Six major rep-PCR subtype clusters were defined, including isolates from different hospitals or home care patients. The sequence type/pulsed …
Mixed infection by Legionella pneumophila in outbreak patients.
2013
During the molecular epidemiological study of a legionellosis outbreak, we obtained sequence based typing (SBT) profiles from uncultured respiratory samples of 15 affected patients. We detected several distinct allelic profiles some of which were a mixture of alleles present in the more common profiles. Chromatograms from the sequences of one patient with mixed profile showed polymorphisms in several positions, which could result from the simultaneous presence of different Legionella variants in the sample. In order to test this possibility, we cloned PCR amplification products from six loci for two patients with a mixed profile and a patient with a pure profile. After obtaining around 20 s…
Fungemia due to Candida guilliermondii in a pediatric and adult population during a 12-year period.
2007
Candida guilliermondii fungemia is usually described in adults with hematologic malignancies, but in children, only 2 episodes have been published. From 1995 to 2006, 7 episodes (5 in children) were detected in our hospital. Molecular typing excluded a common infection source. C. guilliermondii fungemia may occur in children with underlying conditions other than cancer.
Potential association of specific Candida parapsilosis genotypes, bloodstream infections and colonization of health workers' hands.
2014
AbstractFungal nosocomial infections continue to be a serious problem among hospitalized patients, decreasing quality of life and adding millions of euros to healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of fungi associated with the hands of healthcare workers and to genotype Candida parapsilosis isolates in order to understand whether their high clinical prevalence stems from endemic nosocomial genotypes or from the real emergence of epidemiologically-unrelated strains. Approximately 39% (50/129) of healthcare workers were positive for yeasts and among 77 different fungal isolates recovered, C. parapsilosis was the most frequent (44/77; 57%). Twenty-seven diverse geno…
Molecular typing of Agrobacterium species isolates from catheter-related bloodstream infections.
2004
AbstractAgrobacteriumisolates from intravenous catheters of three hospitalized patients were initially identified asA. tumefaciens,but inability to produce 3-ketolactose revealed that two of them wereA. vitis.However, rDNA analysis correlated all of the isolates toA. tumefaciens.Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis ascertained the nosocomial transmission of the infection.
Global Distribution of Shigella sonnei Clones
2011
To investigate global epidemiology of Shigella sonnei, we performed multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis of 1,672 isolates obtained since 1943 from 50 countries on 5 continents and the Pacific region. Three major clonal groups were identified; 2 were globally spread. Type 18 and its derivatives have circulated worldwide in recent decades.
MLB1 Astrovirus in Children with Gastroenteritis, Italy
2014
To the Editor: Astroviruses are notable agents of gastroenteritis in many mammalian and avian hosts. Astroviruses are nonenveloped RNA small, round, viruses (SRVs) with a single-stranded, positive sense RNA of 6.1 to 7.9 kb (1). The genome contains 2 nonstructural genes, open reading frame (ORF) 1a and 1b, and a capsid gene, ORF2, with short 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions. Human astroviruses, a major cause of gastroenteritis, are classified in the human astrovirus species, comprising 8 serotypes (1). Recently, astroviruses genetically unrelated to canonical human astroviruses have been identified in human stools in several countries. These unusual astroviruses form 2 main genetic clades. On…
Value of morphotyping for the characterization of Candida albicans clinical isolates
2005
Until recently, morphotyping, a method evaluating fringe and surface characteristics of streak colonies grown on malt agar, has been recommended as a simple and unexpensive typing method for Candida albicans isolates. The discriminatory power and reproducibility of Hunter's modified scheme of Phongpaichit's morphotyping has been evaluated on 28 C. albicans isolates recovered from the oral cavity of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-positive subjects, and compared to two molecular typing methods: randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting, and contour clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) electrophoretic karyotyping. Morphological features of streak colonies allowed…