Search results for "monte carlo"

showing 10 items of 1587 documents

Confined binary two-dimensional colloidal crystals: Monte Carlo simulation of crack formation.

2010

Binary mixtures (A, B) of colloidal particles of different sizes in two dimensions may form crystals with square lattice structure (the A-particles occupying the white sites and the B-particles the black sites of a checkerboard). Confining such a system by two parallel 'walls' a distance D apart, long-range order in the direction parallel to the walls is stabilized by 'corrugated walls' that are commensurate with the lattice structure but destabilized by structureless 'hard walls', even if there is no misfit between the strip width D and the crystal lattice spacing. The crossover to quasi-one-dimensional behavior is studied by Monte Carlo simulations, analyzing Lindemann parameters and disp…

Stress (mechanics)CrystalCorrelation function (statistical mechanics)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsMonte Carlo methodParticleGeneral Materials ScienceColloidal crystalCondensed Matter PhysicsCritical valueSquare latticeJournal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal
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Fractional Viscoelasticity Under Combined Stress and Temperature Variations

2020

Nowadays polymeric materials or composites with polymeric matrices are widely used in a very wide range of applications such as aerospace, automotive, biomedical and also civil engineering. From a mechanical point of view, polymers are characterized by high viscoelastic properties and high sensitiveness of mechanical parameters from temperature. Analytical predictions in real-life conditions of mechanical behaviour of such a kind of materials is not trivial for the intrinsic hereditariness that imply the knowledge of all the history of the material at hand in order to predict the response to applied external loads. If temperature variations are also present in the materials, a reliable eval…

Stress (mechanics)symbols.namesakeWork (thermodynamics)Superposition principleMaterials scienceDiscretizationStochastic processMonte Carlo methodBoltzmann constantsymbolsMechanicsViscoelasticity
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Neutronic and photonic analysis of the water-cooled Pb17Li test blanket module for ITER-FEAT

2002

Abstract Within the European Fusion Technology Program, the Water-Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) DEMO breeding blanket line was selected in 1995 as one of the two EU lines to be developed in the next decade, in particular with the aim of manufacturing a Test Blanket Module (TBM) to be implemented in ITER. This specific goal has been maintained also in ITER-FEAT program even if the general design parameters of the TBMs have reported some changes. This paper is focused on the investigation of the WCLL-TBM nuclear response in ITER-FEAT through detailed 3D-Monte Carlo neutronic and photonic analyses. A 3D heterogeneous model of the most recent design of the WCLL-TBM has been set-up simulating reali…

Structural materialMaterials sciencebusiness.industryNeutronicMechanical EngineeringWater cooledPower depositionNuclear engineeringPhotonicchemistry.chemical_elementFusion powerBlanketMonte Carlo methodNuclear physicsNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryNeutron sourceGeneral Materials ScienceLithiumBreeding blanketPhotonicsbusinessSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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A Dominance Variant Under the Multi-Unidimensional Pairwise-Preference Framework: Model Formulation and Markov Chain Monte Carlo Estimation.

2018

Forced-choice questionnaires have been proposed as a way to control some response biases associated with traditional questionnaire formats (e.g., Likert-type scales). Whereas classical scoring methods have issues of ipsativity, item response theory (IRT) methods have been claimed to accurately account for the latent trait structure of these instruments. In this article, the authors propose the multi-unidimensional pairwise preference two-parameter logistic (MUPP-2PL) model, a variant within Stark, Chernyshenko, and Drasgow’s MUPP framework for items that are assumed to fit a dominance model. They also introduce a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) procedure for estimating the model’s paramete…

Structure (mathematical logic)Bayes estimator05 social sciences050401 social sciences methodsMarkov chain Monte CarloArticlesData setsymbols.namesake0504 sociology0502 economics and businessItem response theoryConvergence (routing)StatisticsEconometricssymbolsPairwise comparisonPsychology (miscellaneous)PsychologyPreference (economics)050203 business & managementSocial Sciences (miscellaneous)Applied psychological measurement
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A probabilistic expert system for predicting the risk of Legionella in evaporative installations

2011

Research highlights? The bacterium Legionella usually lives in water sources such as cooling towers. ? We discuss a probabilistic expert system for predicting the risk of Legionella. ? The expert system has a master-slave architecture. ? The inference engine is implemented through Bayesian reasoning. ? Bayesian networks model and connect relationships for chemical and physical variables. Early detection in water evaporative installations is one of the keys to fighting against the bacterium Legionella, the main cause of Legionnaire's disease. This paper discusses the general structure, elements and operation of a probabilistic expert system capable of predicting the risk of Legionella in rea…

Structure (mathematical logic)Computer sciencebusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringProbabilistic logicBayesian networkMarkov chain Monte CarloBayesian inferenceMachine learningcomputer.software_genreExpert systemComputer Science Applicationssymbols.namesakeArtificial IntelligencesymbolsData miningArtificial intelligenceInference enginebusinesscomputerParametric statisticsExpert Systems with Applications
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VoxelMages: a general-purpose graphical interface for designing geometries and processing DICOM images for PENELOPE

2016

The design and construction of geometries for Monte Carlo calculations is an error-prone, time-consuming, and complex step in simulations describing particle interactions and transport in the field of medical physics. The software VoxelMages has been developed to help the user in this task. It allows to design complex geometries and to process DICOM image files for simulations with the general-purpose Monte Carlo code PENELOPE in an easy and straightforward way. VoxelMages also allows to import DICOM-RT structure contour information as delivered by a treatment planning system. Its main characteristics, usage and performance benchmarking are described in detail.

Structure (mathematical logic)RadiationTheoretical computer sciencebusiness.industryComputer scienceMonte Carlo methodProcess (computing)BenchmarkingField (computer science)030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesDICOM0302 clinical medicineSoftware030220 oncology & carcinogenesisComputer graphics (images)businessGraphical user interfaceApplied Radiation and Isotopes
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Evaluation of the displacement energy of Gd atoms in GdBa2Cu3O7−δ from experimental data

1994

Abstract The processing of experimental data on Gd-containing high-temperature superconductor degradation resulting from thermal neutron irradiation has made it possible to evaluate the ratio of the degradation rates of GdBa2Cu3O7−gd enriched with 155Gd and 157Gd isotopes respectively. The defect production in the compound due to (n, γ) reactions on Gd nuclei and consequent recoil of Gd nuclei emitting γ-quanta was simulated with experimentally determined γ-spectra by a Monte Carlo technique. The displacement probabilities pd(155) and pd(157) for different threshold energies Ed and the threshold energy of Gd atom displacement producing disordered bubbles in GdBa2Cu3O7−δ, E d ∗ ≈ 150 eV , we…

SuperconductivityNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRecoilIsotopeChemistryMonte Carlo methodAtomIrradiationAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentThreshold energyInstrumentationNeutron temperatureNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations of Models Related to High-Tc Superconductivity on a Transputer Network

1991

Much of the insight into the low temperature behaviour of two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets has been recently obtained by extensive Monte Carlo. These models are relevant in the study of the magnetic behaviour of high Tc compounds containing copper-oxide layers. While of little technical importance, the physical properties of these models are certainly important for the understanding of the new type of behaviour that leads to superconductivity under certain conditions.

SuperconductivityPhysicsQuantum Monte CarloMonte Carlo methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsComputer Science ApplicationsComputational Theory and MathematicsDynamic Monte Carlo methodHigh tc superconductivityStatistical physicsQuantumMathematical PhysicsMonte Carlo molecular modelingTransputer networkInternational Journal of Modern Physics C
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Structure and pair correlations of a simple coarse grained model for supercritical carbon dioxide

2009

A recently introduced coarse-grained pair potential for carbon dioxide molecules is used to compute structural properties in the supercritical region near the critical point, applying Monte Carlo simulations. In this model, molecules are described as point particles, interacting with Lennard-Jones (LJ) forces and a (isotropically averaged) quadrupole–quadrupole potential, the LJ parameters being chosen such that gratifying agreement with the experimental phase diagram near the critical point is obtained. It is shown that the model gives also a reasonable account of the pair correlation function, although in the nearest neighbour shell some systematic discrepancies between the model predicti…

Supercritical carbon dioxideChemistryMonte Carlo methodBiophysicsThermodynamicsCondensed Matter PhysicsRadial distribution functionSupercritical fluidCritical point (thermodynamics)MoleculeStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologyPair potentialPhase diagramMolecular Physics
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Stochastic model for complex surface-reaction systems with application toNH3formation

1993

A stochastic model is introduced that is appropriate to describe surface-reaction systems. These reaction systems are well suited for the description via master equations using their Markovian behavior. In this representation an infinite chain of master equations for the distribution functions of the state of the surface, of pairs of surface sites, etc., arises. This hierarchy is truncated by a superposition approximation. The resulting lattice equations are solved in a small region which contains all of the structure-sensitive aspects and can be connected to continuous functions which represent the behavior of the system for large distances from a reference point. In the present paper, we …

Superposition principleContinuous-time stochastic processDistribution functionStochastic modellingLattice (order)Monte Carlo methodMaster equationDynamic Monte Carlo methodStatistical physicsMathematicsPhysical Review E
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