Search results for "movement"

The associations among fundamental movement skills, self-reported physical activity and academic performance during junior high school in Finland.

2015

The purpose of this study was to analyse the longitudinal associations between (1) fundamental movement skills (FMSs) and academic performance, and (2) self-reported physical activity and academic performance through junior high school in Finland. The participants of the study were 325 Finnish students (162 girls and 163 boys), who were 13 years old at the beginning of the study at Grade 7. Students performed three FMS tests and responded to a self-reported physical activity questionnaire at Grades 7 and 8. Marks in Finnish language, mathematics and history from Grades 7, 8 and 9 were collected. Structural equation modelling with multigroup method demonstrated that in the boys' group, a cor…

Nanog Regulates Primordial Germ Cell Migration Through Cxcr4b

2010

Abstract Gonadal development in vertebrates depends on the early determination of primordial germ cells (PGCs) and their correct migration to the sites where the gonads develop. Several genes have been implicated in PGC specification and migration in vertebrates. Additionally, some of the genes associated with pluripotency, such as Oct4 and Nanog, are expressed in PGCs and gonads, suggesting a role for these genes in maintaining pluripotency of the germ lineage, which may be considered the only cell type that perpetually maintains stemness properties. Here, we report that medaka Nanog (Ol-Nanog) is expressed in the developing PGCs. Depletion of Ol-Nanog protein causes aberrant migration of …

Advanced fluorescence microscopy for in vivo imaging of neuronal activity

2019

Brain function emerges from the coordinated activity, over time, of large neuronal populations placed in different brain regions. Understanding the relationships of these specific areas and disentangling the contributions of individual neurons to overall function remain central goals for neuroscience. In this scenario, fluorescence microscopy has been proved as the tool of choice for in vivo recording of brain activity. Optical advances combined with genetically encoded indicators allow a large flexibility in terms of spatiotemporal resolution and field of view while keeping invasiveness in living animals to a minimum. Here we describe the latest advancements in the field of linear and nonl…

Dendrites are dispensable for basic motoneuron function but essential for fine tuning of behavior.

2014

Dendrites are highly complex 3D structures that define neuronal morphology and connectivity and are the predominant sites for synaptic input. Defects in dendritic structure are highly consistent correlates of brain diseases. However, the precise consequences of dendritic structure defects for neuronal function and behavioral performance remain unknown. Here we probe dendritic function by using genetic tools to selectively abolish dendrites in identified Drosophila wing motoneurons without affecting other neuronal properties. We find that these motoneuron dendrites are unexpectedly dispensable for synaptic targeting, qualitatively normal neuronal activity patterns during behavior, and basic …

Temporal features of imagined locomotion in normal aging.

2010

Motor imagery is the ability to mentally simulate a movement without executing it. Previous investigations have reported a deterioration of this ability during complex arm movements in aged adults. In the present study, we aimed to extend these findings by investigating the temporal features of imagined precision gait in healthy elderly adults. Locomotion is a unique example of imagined movement because it involves simulated full-body movement and the concurrent updating of environmental spatial information. Nine young and nine older adults actually or mentally walked (walking distance: 5m) along three paths having different widths (15cm, 25cm, and 50cm). The narrowest path required balance…

2020

The scientific and practical fields-especially high-performance sports-increasingly request a stronger focus be placed on individual athletes in human movement science research. Machine learning methods have shown efficacy in this context by identifying the unique movement patterns of individuals and distinguishing their intra-individual changes over time. The objective of this investigation is to analyze biomechanically described movement patterns during the fatigue-related accumulation process within a single training session of a high number of repeated executions of a ballistic sports movement-specifically, the frontal foot kick (mae-geri) in karate-in expert athletes. The two leading r…

CONTINUA LA QUERELLE GIURISPRUDENZIALE SUGLI EX LETTORI DI LINGUA STRANIERA

2019

L’articolo analizza l’evoluzione della giurisprudenza multilivello sul rapporto di lavoro degli ex lettori di lingua straniera, oggi collaboratori linguistici: dopo una ricostruzione diacronica della legislazione di riferimento, l’A. sottolinea come la giurisprudenza – alla luce dei principi di libera circolazione e parità di trattamento – abbia arginato le discriminazioni di cui sono stati ripetutamente vittime gli ex lettori in ragione di un quadro normativo frammentario e disorganico. Infine, il saggio si sofferma sul più recente indirizzo di legittimità, che sulla base di un’interpretazione estensiva del dettato normativo ha equiparato il trattamento retributivo dei lettori stabilizzati…

Social Movements, Voluntary Associations and Cycles of Protest in Finland 1905-91

1992

During the 20th century five cycles of protest have emerged in Finland: 1905-18, 1928-32, 1944-48, 1966-76, and the continuing cycle of new social movements beginning around the end of the 1970s. This article begins with an examination of the differences and similarities in the formation of these cycles against the background of antecedent political opportunity structures. The question of the relationship between social protest movements and formal voluntary associations is then addressed. It is shown that social movements and formal voluntary associations have been interactive, mutually reinforcing ways of reacting to different manifestations of social crisis. Existing formal associations …

2020

Freely available healthcare, universally accessible to the population of citizens, is a key ideal for European welfare systems. As labor migration of the twentieth century gave way to the globalized streams of the twenty-first century, new challenges to fulfilling these ideals have emerged. The principle of freedom of movement, together with large-scale forced migration have led to large scale movements of people, making new demands on European healthcare systems which had previously been largely focused on meeting sedentary local populations' needs. Drawing on interviews with service providers working for NGOs and public healthcare systems and with policy makers across 10 European countrie…

OS ECJ-TF 3/2015 on the Decision of the European Court of Justice in C.G. Sopora (Case C-512/13), on 'Horizontal Discrimination'

2015

This article deals with the decision taken by the Court of Justice of the European Union in Sopora (Case C-512/13), which was decided by the Grand Chamber of the ECJ on 24 February 2015. It concerns the question of whether a specific requirement to obtain a tax advantage for foreign (incoming) workers violates the freedom of movement of workers (Art. 45 TFEU). This case prominently raises the issue of a differentiation not between nationals and non-nationals (i.e., "vertical discrimination"), but rather between different non-nationals (i.e., "horizontal discrimination") in the context of the taxation of payments of deemed employment expenses ("extraterritorial costs"). By clearly accepting …