Search results for "mushroom"

CULTIVATION OF SELECTED EDIBLE MUSHROOMS

2013

USE OF WILD EDIBLE MUSHROOMS IN THE SERVICES SECTOR

2013

Antibacterial Activity of Desert Truffles from Saudi Arabia Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2017

Abstract Medicinal mushrooms represent an unlimited source of polysaccharides with nutritional, antitumoral, antibacterial, and immune-stimulating properties. Traditional studies of epigeous higher Basidiomycetes have recently been joined by studies of hypogeous fungi and, in particular, of so-called desert truffles. With the aim to obtain novel agents against bacteria of clinical importance, we focused on the edible desert truffle mushrooms Tirmania pinoyi, Terfezia claveryi, and Picoa juniperi as sources of new antimicrobial agents. In particular, we investigated the in vitro antibacterial activity of acid-soluble protein extracts (aqueous extracts) of these 3 species against the Gram-pos…

Motor learning and body size within an insect brain computational model

2014

Nowadays modeling insect brains is also an important source of inspiration to develop learning architectures and control algorithms for applications on autonomous walking robots. Within the insect brain two important neuropiles received a lot of attention: the mushroom bodies (MBs) and the central complex (CX). Recent research activities considered the MBs as a unique architecture where different behavioural functions can be found. MBs are well known in bees and flies for their role in performing associative learning and memory in odor conditioning experiments [4]. They are also involved in the processing of multiple sensory modalities including visual tasks [3], different forms of learning…

A computational model for motor learning in insects

2013

The aim of this paper is to propose a computational model, inspired by Drosophila melanogaster, able to handle problems related to motor learning. The role of the Mushroom Bodies and the Central Complex in solving this problem is analyzed and plausible biologically inspired models are proposed. The designed computational models have been evaluated in simulation using a dynamic structure inspired by the fruit fly. The obtained results open the way to new neurobiological experiments focused to better understand the underlined mechanisms involved, to verify the feasibility of the hypotheses formulated and the significance of the obtained results.

The Insect Mushroom Bodies: a Paradigm of Neural Reuse

2013

This paper is devoted to discuss the implementation of models,which are inspired by the fly Drosophila melanogaster and able to handle open problems in the field of robotics such as attention, expectation and sequence learning. The role of the Mushroom Bodies (MBs) in solving these tasks is analyzed in detail and a unifying plausible biologically inspired model is proposed. The developed neural structure is able to show different capabilities in line with the paradigm of neural reuse. The same neural circuit can be exploited to accomplish multiple tasks showing interesting capabilities such as attention, expectation and delayed match-to-sample. The simulation results here reported suggest a…

Identification and sustainable exploitation of wild edible mushrooms in rural areas (Mycoticon, LdV-ToI project): Development of an innovative traini…

2015

In Mediterranean and in southeast Europe the activities of a significant part of the population are traditionally linked with agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. However, many rural communities are experiencing serious difficulties associated with low income per person and poor employment prospects combined with increased demographic decline. Alternative activities such as the collection and trading of wild edible mushrooms as well as the cultivation of choice species could contribute at providing valuable solutions both in financial and environmental terms. The total number of fungal species which are considered having edible and/or medicinal value is over 2300.1 Most of them form …

Eradication of Plasmodiophora brassicae during composting of wastes

2006

Survival of infectious inoculum of the clubroot pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae was assessed following bench-scale flask composting experiments and large-scale composting procedures. Clubroot-affected material was provided by artificial inoculation of Chinese cabbage or naturally infected Brussels sprout and cabbage roots. Both sets of diseased material were used in flask experiments, and the latter in large-scale windrow and aerated tunnel experiments. Municipal green wastes, onion waste and spent mushroom compost were evaluated in flask experiments with varying temperature, aeration and moisture conditions. Green wastes were used in larger-scale composts. Within the limits of a Chinese …

Neurobiological Models of the Central Complex and the Mushroom Bodies

2013

This study reviews the actual knowledge on functions of the central complex (CX) and the mushroom bodies (MBs) in a genetic model insect, the fly Drosophila melanogaster. Ongoing research of UNIMAINZ and respective data are included. Reference is made to other insects, where respective functions are not yet studied in Drosophila. Neuroanatomical information is reported with regard to the general flow of information in these central brain neuropils. Particular projection systems and circuits are taken into account where this can be linked to functions. Models are developed.

The Effect of Cantharellus Cibarius Addition on Quality Characteristics of Frankfurter during Refrigerated Storage

2019

The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Cantharellus cibarius decoction and the effect of mushroom addition on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of frankfurters during refrigerated storage were studied. Mushroom addition significantly reduced (p &lt