Search results for "nap"

Mildronate improves cognition and reduces amyloid-β pathology in transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice

2013

Mildronate, a carnitine congener drug, previously has been shown to provide neuroprotection in an azidothymidine-induced mouse model of neurotoxicity and in a Parkinson's disease rat model. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mildronate treatment on cognition and pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice (APP(SweDI)). Mildronate was administered i.p. daily at 50 or 100 mg/kg for 28 days. At the end of treatment, the animals were behaviorally and cognitively tested, and brains were assessed for AD-related pathology, inflammation, synaptic markers, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The data show that mildronate treatment significantly improved animal performance in w…

P3‐039: Axonal neuritic pathology induces early presynaptic alterations in ps1/APP Alzheimer's mice hippocampus

2011

Loss of neurons in the hippocampus correlates with memory impairment in AD. Significant early reduction in the numerical density of hippocampal SOM interneurons was found in single (APPswe) and double (APPswe/ PS1dE9 and APPswe/TauP301S-G272V) transgenic models based on APP over expression and amyloid production. However, this inhibitory population was unaffected in age-matched single PS1 and tau transgenic mice as well as nontransgenic controls. Whereas SOM neuron loss in APPswe/PS1dE9 was associated to the onset of extracellular amyloid pathology in double APP/ tau mice this loss preceded plaque formation. Conclusions: As in human AD, somatostatin cell loss is a common early pathological …

Naturally occurring autoantibodies interfere with β-amyloid metabolism and improve cognition in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease 24 h …

2013

There is evidence that naturally occurring antibodies directed against Aβ (nAbs-Aβ) have a role in Aβ-metabolism and Aβ-clearance. The presence of nAbs-Aβ leads to a reduction in amyloid fibrillation and thus a reduction in their toxicity. We investigated the effects of nAbs-Aβ in respect to oligomerization and used the Tg2576 transgenic mouse model in order to investigate the rapid effect with a single-dose (24 h) on oligomer breakdown and cytokine secretion along with immunohistochemical characterization of synaptic plasticity. nAbs-Aβ were able to reduce toxic oligomer concentration with an increase in Aβ-monomers. Cytokine secretion was significantly reduced. Synaptic plasticity was als…

Usher syndrome: molecular links of pathogenesis, proteins and pathways.

2006

Contains fulltext : 50437.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Usher syndrome is the most common form of deaf-blindness. The syndrome is both clinically and genetically heterogeneous, and to date, eight causative genes have been identified. The proteins encoded by these genes are part of a dynamic protein complex that is present in hair cells of the inner ear and in photoreceptor cells of the retina. The localization of the Usher proteins and the phenotype in animal models indicate that the Usher protein complex is essential in the morphogenesis of the stereocilia bundle in hair cells and in the calycal processes of photoreceptor cells. In addition, the Usher proteins are important in…

Intragenic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements: Translocations as a novel mechanism ofALKactivation in neuroblastoma tumors

2014

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has been demonstrated to be deregulated in sporadic as well as in familiar cases of neuroblastoma (NB). Whereas ALK-fusion proteins are common in lymphoma and lung cancer, there are few reports of ALK rearrangements in NB indicating that ALK mainly exerts its oncogenic capacity via activating mutations and/or overexpression in this tumor type. In this study, 332 NB tumors and 13 cell lines were screened by high resolution single nucleotide polymorphism microarray. Gain of 2p was detected in 23% (60/332) of primary tumors and 46% (6/13) of cell lines, while breakpoints at the ALK locus were detected in four primary tumors and two cell lines. These were furthe…

Functional annotation of genes overlapping copy number variants in autistic patients: focus on axon pathfinding.

2010

We have used Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway analyses to uncover the common functions associated to the genes overlapping Copy Number Variants (CNVs) in autistic patients. Our source of data were four published studies [1- 4]. We first applied a two-step enrichment strategy for autism-specific genes. We fished out from the four mentioned studies a list of 2928 genes overall overlapping 328 CNVs in patients and we first selected a sub-group of 2044 genes after excluding those ones that are also involved in CNVs reported in the Database of Genomic Variants (enrichment step 1). We then selected from the step 1-enriched list a sub-group of 514 genes each of which was found to be deleted or dupli…

A multiplex SNP typing approach for the DNA pyrosequencing technology

2006

Abstract We have developed a multiplex Pyrosequencing assay which enables the simultaneous analyses of 23 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the human genome selected by the SNPforID Consortium. In our investigations we have studied the multiplex capacity of the PSQ™ 96MA instrument (Biotage AB). To test the reliability of SNP typing by Pyrosequencing the SNPs were analysed in parallel by using the SNaPshot minisequencing technique as reference method.

Strange vesicles with a homogeneous content in spermatocytes and spermatids of a click beetle, Adelocera murina (Elateridae). A fine structure study

1996

Abstract The restructuring of primary spermatocytes of Adelocera murina, a click beetle, is described using electron microscopy of ultrathin sections. Emphasis is on spherical or rod-shaped cytoplasmic inclusions, invested by a unit membrane. The content of the inclusions is slightly more electron-dense than that of the surrounding cytoplasm and homogeneously textured in most cases. The inclusions are missing in spermatogonia but are abundant in prophase I through anaphase I spermatocytes. Their number declines in telophase I. Very similar elements are associated with the distal ends of the outgrowing flagella in metaphase I through telophase I spermatocytes and form the so-called flagellar…

Corrigendum to “Genetic characterization of Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains from goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) …

2021

Deletion of myosin VI causes slow retinal optic neuropathy and age-related macular degeneration (AMD)-relevant retinal phenotype

2015

The unconventional myosin VI, a member of the actin-based motor protein family of myosins, is expressed in the retina. Its deletion was previously shown to reduce amplitudes of the a- and b-waves of the electroretinogram. Analyzing wild-type and myosin VI-deficient Snell’s Waltzer mice in more detail, the expression pattern of myosin VI in retinal pigment epithelium, outer limiting membrane, and outer plexiform layer could be linked with differential progressing ocular deficits. These encompassed reduced a-waves and b-waves and disturbed oscillatory potentials in the electroretinogram, photoreceptor cell death, retinal microglia infiltration, and formation of basal laminar deposits. A pheno…