Search results for "neonatal"
showing 10 items of 581 documents
Intrauterine growth restriction and congenital malformations: a retrospective epidemiological study
2013
Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and small for gestational age (SGA) birth have been considered possible indicators of the presence of malformations. The aim of this study is to evaluate such relationships in a population of newborns, along with other epidemiological and auxological parameters, in particular the ponderal index (PI). Methods: We analyzed the birth data of 1093 infants, classified according to weight for gestational age as SGA, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) or large for gestational age (LGA). The prevalence of malformations was analyzed in relation to weight percentile at birth and SGA birth, maternal smoking, pregnancy diseases and PI. Results: Our …
Intrauterine growth pattern and birthweight discordance in twin pregnancies: a retrospective study
2013
Background: Twins, compared to singletons, have an increased risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity, due mainly to a higher prevalence of preterm birth and low birthweight. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is also common and can affect one or both fetuses. In some cases, however, one twin is much smaller than the other (growth discordance). Usually, high birthweight discordance is associated with increased perinatal morbidity. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological features of a population of twins at birth, with particular reference to the interpretation and clinical effects of birthweight discordance. Methods: We evaluated retrospectively the clinical features o…
Prevalence and risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss: Western Sicily overview.
2013
The objective of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and distribution of the main risk factors associated to it focusing on their role in the development of deafness and their interaction. We performed a global audiological assessment (through TEOAE, tympanometry and ABR) in 508 infants at risk studying the main risk factors reported by Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (2007). Fifty-one infants (10.03 %) were diagnosed with SNHL (45 bilateral and 6 unilateral) with a mean hearing threshold of 87.39 ± 28.25 dB HL; family history of hearing impairment (HI) and TORCH infections indicated independent significant risk factors (P < 0.00001 and P = 0.0…
Ketogenic diet for infants with epilepsy: A literature review.
2020
Abstract The ketogenic diet (KD) is an established, nonpharmacological treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Actually, KD and its variants have been shown to be elective and resolute for patients with glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) deficiency. The aim of this review was to study the use of KD and its variants in infancy, including the neonatal age, and demonstrate the safety and efficacy of this treatment in patients with the age of 0–23 months affected by DRE already subjected to pharmacological approach attempts. A literature search was conducted using PubMed as the medical database source. We used the age limit of 0–23 months, and we considered only articles published between …
Clinical approach to the analysis of causes of death in the first two years of life of very‐low‐birthweight infants in a multicentre setting
1997
Mortality in the first 2 years of 634 very-low-birthweight infants admitted to eight neonatal intensive care units in Italy, and the factors associated with the net probability of death from each cause, were studied by means of the Cox proportional hazard model. A clinical classification of the causes of death was used. Overall mortality was 33.7% (intercentre range 12.6-52.9%). The highest cause-specific mortality rates were observed for respiratory problems, intra-ventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and infections (14.5%, 6.3% and 5.7% respectively). The leading causes of death were respiratory problems and IVH in the first week of life, infections from the second week up to the end of the firs…
Predictive Factors of Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Neonatal Age
2014
In the pediatric population, abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is a known complication of abdominal wall defect repair. However, there are only few reports on ACS in newborns and only a proposal of critical intra-abdominal pressure value (IAP) in term newborns, absent in preterm newborns. Although the prevalent clinical sign is tense abdominal distension, it may be difficult to distinguish ACS from pathologies that will not require decompression. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors for ACS and therefore morbidity or mortality indicators. We reviewed newborns presenting with tense abdominal distension and end organ failure. Anamnestic, clinical, laboratory, and instrument…
Hypoproteinemia on the first day of life and adverse outcome in very preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit
2012
International audience; OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the relationship between day-1 hypoproteinemia and severe adverse outcome (SAO) in very preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study of all patients born from 24 to 31 weeks gestation and cared for in our NICU over an 8-year period. Infants were excluded if the serum protein value on the first day of life was not available. RESULT: A total of 913 patients were included. In all, 14.6% presented with SAO (death or severe neurological injury on cranial ultrasound). Hypoproteinemia (total protein level \textless40 g l(-1)) on day 1 of life occurred in 19.5 % of all patients. The …
Methemoglobinemia Associated with Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis: A Single-Center Experience
2019
Objective Methemoglobinemia (MetHb) is a rare congenital or acquired cause of infantile cyanosis. We examined the role of MetHb in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Study Design A retrospective observational study was conducted reviewing blood gas analyses of hospitalized newborns over a 2-year period. MetHb-positive patients (MetHb >1.8%) were matched with a control group for gestational age, weight, disease, and illness severity at admission. Maternal, neonatal, clinical, and laboratory parameters were collected and analyzed in both groups. Results MetHb incidence was 6%. The mean MetHb in the case group was 7.2%, and the first positive samples were observed at a mean of 22 days …
Urinary metabolomics of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD): preliminary data at birth suggest it is a congenital disease
2014
Abstract Objective: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or chronic lung disease is one of the principal causes of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Early identification of infants at the greater risk of developing BPD may allow a targeted approach for reducing disease severity and complications. The trigger cause of the disease comprehends the impairment of the alveolar development and the increased angiogenesis. Nevertheless, the molecular pathways characterizing the disease are still unclear. Therefore, the use of the metabolomics technique, due to the capability of identifying instantaneous metabolic perturbation, might help to recognize metabolic patterns associated with the cond…
Short-Term Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Term Neonates Treated with Phenobarbital versus Levetiracetam: A Single-Center Experience
2019
Background. Phenobarbital (PB) has been traditionally used as the first-line treatment for neonatal seizures. More recently, levetiracetam (LEV) has been increasingly used as a promising newer antiepileptic medication for treatment of seizures in neonates. Objectives. The aim of our study was to compare the effect of PB vs. LEV on short-term neurodevelopmental outcome in infants treated for neonatal seizures. Method. This randomized, one-blind prospective study was conducted on term neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of S. Bambino Hospital, University Hospital “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele,” Catania, Italy, from February 2016 to February 2018. Thirty term neonates with s…