Search results for "neuron"

Connections of the amygdaloid structures integrating olfactory and vomeronasal information in mice

2015

La amígdala es considerada una estructura clave en el aprendizaje emocional asociativo en roedores. La mayor parte de los estudios sobre aprendizaje emocional se han centrado en paradigmas de aprendizaje aversivo, cuando al menos, parte de la amígdala es también relevante en el procesamiento de estímulos reforzantes, particularmente estímulos de naturaleza química (olores y feromonas), dado que los roedores son animales macrosmáticos. La amígala es primer relevo telencefalico en donde convergen las proyecciones provenientes del bulbo olfatorio principal (MOB), que es activado por volátiles y del bulbo olfatorio accesorio (AOB), que es activado por no volátiles. Nuestro estudio se centra en …

Autophagy

2012

Klionsky, Daniel J. et al.

Non-cell autonomous and non-catalytic activities of ATX in the developing brain

2015

The intricate formation of the cerebral cortex requires a well-coordinated series of events, which are regulated at the level of cell-autonomous and non-cell autonomous mechanisms. Whereas cell-autonomous mechanisms that regulate cortical development are well-studied, the non cell-autonomous mechanisms remain poorly understood. A non-biased screen allowed us to identify Autotaxin (ATX) as a non cell-autonomous regulator of neural stem cell proliferation. ATX (also known as ENPP2) is best known to catalyze lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) production. Our results demonstrate that ATX affects the localization and adhesion of neuronal progenitors in a cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous manner, …

L'iconicité phonologique dans les neurosciences cognitives et dans la tradition linguistique française

2014

A significant part of the recent research in language neuropsychology and neurophysiology seems to revive the long-standing hypothesis of an originally motivated relations hip between phonetics and semantics. Even if phonological iconicity is a long neglected subject in linguistics, particularly in French linguistics of the second half of the XXth century, a long tradition of researches does exist. It can be traced back to Plato in the old age and to Leibniz in modern age, and it has important manifestations in France too. This article aims to illustrate critically the theories of phonological iconicity developed by Charles de Brosses at the age of Enlightenment (1765), by Maurice Grammont …

Psychobiological effects of perinatal exposure to odorants in mice. Part II: Behavioural alteration

2010

Early exposure to odorants pre-, post- or transnatally is known to. result in a decreased avoidance or increased preference for these. odorants in mammals. There are also indications that olfactory sensitivity. for these odorants can be affected. We exposed C57-Bl/6. mice of Mor23-GFP and M71-GFP lines to lyral (LY) or acetophenone. (AC), respectively, either transnatally through the water of the. mother (1*10-5 M) or postnatally in air for 1 hr per day (20 ll pure). Animals were weaned on postnatal day 20 (P20), and 3 tests were. performed:. 1) A 3-min exploration test on P20 in a rectangular arena presenting. LY and AC under a wire mesh to measure the time spent in each. half of the arena…

Designing trehalose-conjugated peptide inhibitors for the oligomerization and toxicity of Alzheimer’s Aβ 11th Naples

2008

Descending Connections from the Brainstem to the Spinal Cord in the Electric Fish <i>Eigenmannia</i>

1990

The descending connections from the brainstem to the spinal cord in Eigenmannia sp. were demonstrated using the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) technique. The spinal cord was transecte

Neuronal circuitry in the medial cerebral cortex of lizards

1997

The medial cortex of lizards is a simple three-layered brain region displaying many characteristics which parallel the hippocampal fascia dentata of mammals. Its principal neurons form a morphologically diverse population, partly as a result of the prominent continuous growth of this nervous centre. By using the classical Golgi impregnation method we describe here the morphology of the principal neurons (8 types) and the short-axon interneurons (18 types) populating the medial cortex of Podarcis hispanica as well as the connections between them.

Grp78 overexpression triggers pink1-ip3 r-mediated neuroprotective mitophagy

2021

An experimental model of spinal root avulsion (RA) is useful to study causal molecular programs that drive retrograde neurodegeneration after neuron-target disconnection. This neurode-generative process shares common characteristics with neuronal disease-related processes such as the presence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy flux blockage. We previously found that the overexpression of GRP78 promoted motoneuronal neuroprotection after RA. After that, we aimed to unravel the underlying mechanism by carrying out a comparative unbiased proteomic analysis and pharmacological and genetic interventions. Unexpectedly, mitochondrial factors turned out to be most altered when GRP78…

Synergistic effects of neurons and astrocytes on the differentiation of brain capillary endothelial cells in culture

2003

Brain capillary endothelial cells form a functional barrier between blood and brain, based on the existence of tight junctions that limit paracellular permeability. Occludin is one of the major transmembrane proteins of tight junctions and its peripheral localization gives indication of tight junction formation. We previously reported that RBE4.B cells (brain capillary endothelial cells), cultured on collagen IV, synthesize occludin and correctly localize it at the cell periphery only when cocultured with neurons. In the present study, we describe a three-cell type-culture system that allowed us to analyze the combined effects of neurons and astrocytes on differentiation of brain capillary …