Search results for "neutron"

Water Dynamics in Biological Systems investigated using Neutron Scattering Techniques

Living systems can not survive in absence of the water environments which play a fundamental role in living functions. Thus in the scienti?c community many studies were and are addressed to characterize water and its dynamics properties in biological systems. However, a clear description of water in such systems has been not reached yet. In fact, the investigations performed with di?erent techniques - those based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance or those based on Neutron Scattering - look at di?erent di?usive motions and interactions water-biomolecules, leading controversial results and hence generating many debates between scientists. In this thesis we support the idea that two water populati…

Rotational effects on the oscillation frequencies of newly born proto-neutron stars

2003

In this paper we study the effects of rotation on the frequencies of the quasi-normal modes of a proto-neutron star (PNS) born in a gravitational collapse during the first minute of life. Our analysis starts a few tenths of seconds after the PNS formation, when the stellar evolution can be described by a sequence of equilibrium configurations. We use the evolutionary models developed by Pons et al. (1999; 2001) that describe how a non rotating star cools down and contracts while neutrino diffusion and thermalization processes dominate the stellar dynamics. For assigned values of the evolution time, we set the star into slow rotation and integrate the equations of stellar perturbations in th…

Dangerous Effects Induced on Power MOSFETs by Terrestrial Neutrons

2013

This paper investigates the effects that terrestrial neutrons can induce on power MOSFETs when they are biased during their normal working conditions especially in inverters for photovoltaic applications. After a brief review of power MOSFETs failure phenomena caused by neutron irradiation (with emphasis on so called “Single Event Effects” (SEE)), the results of an accelerated test performed with the Am-Be source at the University of Palermo are discussed.

97/37 Rb 60 : The Cornerstone of the Region of Deformation around A∼100

2015

Excited states of the neutron-rich nuclei 97,99Rb were populated for the first time using the multistep Coulomb excitation of radioactive beams. Comparisons of the results with particle-rotor model calculations provide clear identification for the ground-state rotational band of 97Rb as being built on the πg9/2 [431] 3/2+ Nilsson-model configuration. The ground-state excitation spectra of the Rb isotopes show a marked distinction between single-particle-like structures below N=60 and rotational bands above. The present study defines the limits of the deformed region around A∼100 and indicates that the deformation of 97Rb is essentially the same as that observed well inside the deformed regi…

97/37 Rb 60 : The Cornerstone of the Region of Deformation around A∼100

2015

Beta-decay studies for applied and basic nuclear physics

2020

In this review we will present the results of recent beta-decay studies using the total absorption technique that cover topics of interest for applications, nuclear structure and astrophysics. The decays studied were selected primarily because they have a large impact on the prediction of a) the decay heat in reactors, important for the safety of present and future reactors and b) the reactor electron antineutrino spectrum, of interest for particle/nuclear physics and reactor monitoring. For these studies the total absorption technique was chosen, since it is the only method that allows one to obtain beta decay probabilities free from a systematic error called the Pandemonium effect. The me…

High-Resolution 3-D CZT Drift Strip Detectors for Prompt Gamma Ray and Neutron Detection in BNCT

2021

Spectroscopic imagers based on high-Z and wide-bandgap compound semiconductor detectors are widely proposed for the detection of prompt gamma rays in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). BNCT is a therapy based on the neutron capture reaction 10B (n,α)7Li. To perform a real-time monitoring of the spatial distribution of 10B during the treatments, the detection of the prompt gamma rays (478 keV), produced by the 7Li recoil nuclei, can be helpful. In this work, we presented the potentialities of new high-resolution CZT drift strip detectors, recently developed by our group, for BNCT measurements. The detectors, exploiting the analysis of the collected-induced charge pulses from anodes, catho…

Supercooled Water Confined in a Silica Xerogel: Temperature and Pressure Dependence of Boson Peak and of Mean Square Displacements

2013

A silica xerogel can be obtained from an alcoxide precursor (TMOS, tetramethylortosilcate) via the sol-gel method: TMOS hydrolysis and subsequent polycondensation yields a solid, disordered, porous SiO2 matrix (average pore dimensions ~20Å). Inside the pores water is trapped and the hydration level h=gr[H2O]/gr[SiO2] can be easily controlled. The presence and temperature dependence of the boson peak (BP) in xerogel confined supercooled water was studied with inelastic neutron scattering (spectrometer IN6 at ILL, Grenoble) in xerogel samples having h=0.4 and h=0.2. After careful subtraction of the contributions arising from the matrix and from quasi-elastic scattering, the BP contribution wa…

A modular neutron irradiator based on 241Am-Be neutron sources

2010

Neutron irradiator facilities with 241Am-Be sources are worldwide used in order to perform neutron activation analysis (NAA), to investigate materials in different research areas or to test and calibrate neutron detectors and environmental or personal dosemeters. The use of a neutron irradiator is advantageous because of its very stable neutron flux, even it is many orders of magnitude lower than the one of a nuclear reactor or a particle accelerator. Most of irradiators are realized with neutron sources located at fixed positions and accordingly the characteristics of neutron spectrum previously assessed do not change. Therefore, an interesting choice is to have a modular facility, capable…

Charge radius changes of even-even neutron-rich Tellurium isotopes

2005

Laser spectroscopy based on resonant ionization of laser-desorbed atoms has been used to study the neutron-rich tellurium isotopes with the COMPLIS facility at ISOLDE-CERN. The isotope shift and the hyperfine structure of several neutron-rich Te isotopes: $^{120–136}$Te and $^{123m–133m}$Te have been measured. From the hyperfine structure and the isotope shift we can extract the magnetic and quadrupole moments and the change in the mean square charge radius respectively. The mean square charge radii of the even-even isotopes have been deduced and their comparison with the known data for the other elements near Z=50 is presented. The experimental $\delta$ is compared with that obtained from …