Search results for "neutron"

showing 10 items of 2330 documents

Study of the glow curves of TLD exposed to thermal neutrons.

2007

The glow curves of thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD600, TLD700 and MCP), exposed to a mixed field of thermal neutrons and gamma photons are analysed. The fluence values of thermal neutrons used, comparable with those used in radiotherapy, allow one to define the reliability of the TLDs, in particular the most sensitive MCP, in this radiation field and to get information on the dose absorbed values. The glow curves obtained have been deconvoluted using general order kinetics and the observed differences for the different LET components have been analysed. In particular, the ratio of the n(0) parameter of two different peaks seems to allow to discriminate the different contributions of neutr…

Materials sciencePhotonHot TemperatureThermoluminescenceAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysics::Medical PhysicsRadiation DosageThermoluminescenceFluenceSensitivity and SpecificityRadiation ProtectionDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeutronComputer SimulationNeutron beamNeutronsRadiationDosimeterRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineEquipment DesignModels TheoreticalSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Neutron temperatureEquipment Failure AnalysisComputer-Aided DesignThermoluminescent DosimetryThermoluminescent dosimeterAtomic physicsNuclear medicinebusinessBeam (structure)Radiation protection dosimetry
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Photostimulated luminescence properties of neutron image plates

2016

Abstract The luminescence properties of two commercial neutron-sensitive image-plates based on Gd 2 O 3 -doped BaFBr:Eu 2 + storage phosphors are examined. These are white Fuji plates and blue Fuji plates (BAS-ND) with Gd 2 O 3 content by weight of 34% and 50%, respectively. Both plates show two maxima in the photostimulation spectrum near 500 nm and 600 nm, with the ratio of the peak responses ( I 600 nm / I 500 nm ) 1.39 and 0.53 for the white and blue plates respectively. The optimum wavelengths for photostimulation for the two phosphors are therefore different. The response of the blue plate is only 25% that of the white plate, if each is stimulated at its optimum wavelength.

Materials sciencePhotostimulated luminescenceAnalytical chemistryPhosphor02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesPhotostimulationInorganic ChemistryNeutronenOptics0103 physical sciencesNeutronElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsSpectroscopybusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryDoping021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelengthStorage phosphorPhotolumineszenzLumineszenz0210 nano-technologybusinessLuminescenceOptical Materials
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Positron lifetime measurements on neutron‐irradiated InP crystals

1996

Neutron‐irradiated InP single crystals have been investigated by positron‐lifetime measurements. The samples were irradiated with thermal neutrons at different fluences yielding concentrations for Sn‐transmuted atoms between 2×1015 and 2×1018 cm−3. The lifetime spectra have been analyzed into one exponential decay component. The mean lifetimes show a monotonous increase with the irradiation dose from 246 to 282 ps. The increase in the lifetime has been associated to a defect containing an Indium vacancy. Thermal annealing at 550 °C reduces the lifetime until values closed to those obtained for the as‐grown and conventionally doped InP crystals. navarrof@evalvx.ific.uv.es ; Jose.Ferrero@uv.es

Materials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Medical PhysicsAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementDefect StructureMonocrystalsSpectral lineCondensed Matter::Materials Science:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Vacancy defectNeutronIrradiationIndium Phosphides ; Radiation Effects ; Thermal Neutrons ; Monocrystals ; Positron Probes ; Lifetime ; Defect StructureExponential decayPositron ProbesDopingRadiochemistryUNESCO::FÍSICANeutron temperatureRadiation EffectschemistryIndium PhosphidesThermal NeutronsLifetimeIndiumJournal of Applied Physics
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Study of short-lived tin isotopes with a laser ion source

1995

A chemically selective laser ion source based on resonance ionization of atoms in a hot cavity has been applied for the study of short-lived silver isotopes at CERN/ ISOLDE. Silver atoms were ionized by two resonant excitations and final laser ionization into the continuum. Decay properties of the neutron-rich isotopes121–127Ag were studied with a neutron long-counter and aβ-detector.

Materials sciencePhysics::OpticsThermal ionizationLaserIon sourcelaw.inventionAtmospheric-pressure laser ionizationlawIonizationIsotopes of tinPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersNeutronPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentAmbient ionizationAIP Conference Proceedings
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Compatibility of a statistical copolymer P(EMA-co-MMA) with PS and PMMA

1999

The compositions of coexisting phases and the interface widths in blends of a statistical copolymer of poly(ethylmethacrylate-co -methylmethacrylate) (P(EMA 1-x -co-MMA x )) and a deuterated polystyrene (PS(D)) as well as a deuterated poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA(D)) have been investigated by neutron reflectometry (NR). Interaction parameters are calculated from the compositions of coexisting phases and the interface width values. Utilizing a novel two dimensional scheme for graphical representation of the interaction parameters, the results are in very good agreement with studies on the interaction parameters for PS/PMMA, PS/PEMA and PEMA/PMMA blends. In particular, χ EMA/MMA deduced fro…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistryFlory–Huggins solution theoryCondensed Matter Physicschemistry.chemical_compoundDeuteriumchemistryPolymer chemistryCompatibility (mechanics)Materials ChemistryCopolymerPolymer blendNeutron reflectometryPolystyrene
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Scattering perspectives on nanostructural inhomogeneity in polymer network gels

2017

Abstract Scattering methods based on spatial and temporal contrast fluctuations in polymer-network gels, which originate from polymer-segmental density fluctuations, reveal rich insight into different types and levels of nanostructural inhomogeneity in these soft materials. Complementary contrasting as provided by light, neutron, and X-ray scattering allows such information to be obtained on nano- to micrometer length scales. On top of that, complementary use of static and dynamic scattering methods allows the interplay and effect of these inhomogeneities to be unraveled. This article interrelates a multitude of studies on the application of scattering techniques for analytical assessment o…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsPolymer networkbusiness.industryScatteringOrganic ChemistryNanotechnology02 engineering and technologySurfaces and Interfaces010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSoft materials0104 chemical sciencesMicrometreOpticsNano-Materials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesTemporal contrastNeutronBiological small-angle scattering0210 nano-technologybusinessProgress in Polymer Science
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Neutron Scattering Studies on the Crystallization of Polymers

1985

Abstract Neutron scattering on mixtures of deuterated and undeuterated molecules offer a new approach for solving long standing problems of the structure of semicrystalline polymers. The various ranges of the amount of the scattering vector q yield different informations. From small angle studies the radius of gyration Rg can be obtained, which does not change markedly by crystallization. The scattering intensity in “the intermediate angle range yields mainly the average distance of the crystalline stems. Experimental results show that not only Rg remains almost constant, but that also the pair distribution function g(r) of the monomer units for r«Rg does not change appreciably during cryst…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsScatteringCrystallization of polymersPair distribution functionNeutron scatteringlaw.inventionPseudopotentialChemical physicslawPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryRadius of gyrationBiological small-angle scatteringCrystallizationPolymer Journal
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Chain conformation and structure in amorphous polymers as revealed by X-ray, neutron, light and electron diffraction

1976

Abstract The physical structure of the melt, the supercooled melt, and the glassy state of amorphous polymers can be characterized by the chain conformation, the local order, and the morphology. The conformation was studied by small-angle neutron scattering. The local order was characterized by pair distribution functions which were derived from electron scattering curves. In addition, model calculations were used to gain information about short-range order. The morphology was studied by means of light scattering (density and anisotropy fluctuations), small-angle X-ray scattering (density fluctuations), and magnetic birefringence measurements (orientational order). Experiments were performe…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsScatteringGeneral ChemistryNeutron scatteringCondensed Matter PhysicsSmall-angle neutron scatteringMolecular physicsLight scatteringAmorphous solidCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterCrystallographyMaterials ChemistryBiological small-angle scatteringGlass transitionWide-angle X-ray scatteringJournal of Macromolecular Science, Part B
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Structure and thermodynamics in polymer blends. Neutron scattering measurements on blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitr…

1992

Abstract Neutron scattering on polymer blends of deutero-poly(methyl methacrylate) (D-PMMA) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) with 19 wt% acrylonitrile (PSAN-19) exhibits excess scattering for scattering vectors Q≲0.2 nm−1 if the volume fraction of D-PMMA is less than 0.5 and greater than 0.05. The range of occurrence and the amount of excess scattering depends to a certain degree on the procedure of sample preparation. If the excess scattering is eliminated by linear extrapolation from large to small Q in the Zimm representation, the residual scattering intensity in the small and intermediate Q-range can be interpreted by the mean field approach of de Gennes with a concentration-dependent…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsScatteringOrganic ChemistryThermodynamicsNeutron scatteringFlory–Huggins solution theoryPoly(methyl methacrylate)Small-angle neutron scatteringvisual_artMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumRadius of gyrationStatic light scatteringBiological small-angle scatteringPolymer
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Synthesis and properties of model - micronetworks

1989

Microgels are small network particles with overall dimensions in the 100nm-region. Some experiments concerning the behaviour of cross-linked matter can be more easily performed using the molecular nature of μ-gels. In this publication, the synthesis and characterization by light and neutron scattering and dynamic-mechanical shear experiments of two different types of μ-gels are presented.

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsShear (geology)Chemical physicsOrganic ChemistryMaterials ChemistryNanotechnologyNeutron scatteringCondensed Matter PhysicsMakromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia
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