Search results for "nevi"
showing 10 items of 92 documents
Sex-dependent metabolism of nevirapine in rats: impact on plasma levels, pharmacokinetics and interaction with nortriptyline.
2017
Abstract Nevirapine (NVP) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) widely used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and is the first-choice NNRTI during pregnancy. NVP shows a sex dimorphic profile in humans with sex differences in bioavailability, biotransformation and toxicity. In this study, sex differences in NVP metabolism and inhibition of NVP metabolism by the antidepressant nortriptyline (NT) were evaluated using rats as experimental animals. NVP was administered orally to male and female rats and sex differences in plasma levels and pharmacokinetic parameters were analysed. NVP plasma levels were higher in female compared with male rats…
Melanoma-Nevus Discrimination Based on Image Statistics in Few Spectral Channels
2016
The purpose of this paper is to offer a method for discrimination of cutaneous melanoma from benign nevus, founded on analysis of skin lesion image. At the core of method is calculation of mean and standard deviation of pixel optical density values for a few narrow spectral bands. Calculated values are compared with discriminating thresholds derived from a set of images of benign nevi and melanomas with known diagnosis. Classification is done applying weighted majority rule to results of thresholding. Verification against the available multispectral images of 32 melanomas and 94 benign nevi has shown that the method using three spectral bands provided zero false negative and four false posi…
NNRTI and Liver Damage: Evidence of Their Association and the Mechanisms Involved.
2021
Due to the improved effectiveness and safety of combined antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has become a manageable, chronic condition rather than a mortal disease. However, HIV patients are at increased risk of experiencing non-AIDS-defining illnesses, with liver-related injury standing out as one of the leading causes of death among these patients. In addition to more HIV-specific processes, such as antiretroviral drug-related toxicity and direct injury to the liver by the virus itself, its pathogenesis is related to conditions that are also common in the general population, such as alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, and age…
Absorción gastrointestinal de la nevirapina en la rata y potenciales interacciones farmacocinéticas con fármacos antidepresivos
2015
En la actualidad, el síndrome de la inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA) es una enfermedad incurable. Sin embargo, el uso de una adecuada terapia antirretroviral reduce la morbilidad y la mortalidad relacionadas con esta enfermedad y permite retrasar su progresión clínica. El tratamiento de elección consiste en la combinación de, al menos, tres fármacos antirretrovirales, estando presente en muchas de estas combinaciones la nevirapina (NVP), un inhibidor no nucleósido de la transcriptasa inversa del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana tipo 1 (VIH-1). En los pacientes VIH-positivos, la depresión es una de las comorbilidades psicosociales más comunes, presentando una prevalencia del 20-45 %. E…
Religious-Philosophical Articles, XXXIII
2022
Žurnāla “Reliģiski-filozofiski raksti” XXXIII laidiens veltīts Latvijas sabiedrības vērtību analīzei salīdzinošā perspektīvā. Ņemot vērā vērtību jēdziena daudzdimensionālo raksturu, vērtību apraksts, analīze un klasifikācija visos laikos ir izraisījusi diskusijas, strīdus un pat konfliktus. Ideja veidot speciālu žurnāla numuru nolūkā veicināt teorētisko un empīrisko zināšanu attīstību par vērtībām Latvijā, aicinot sociālo un humanitāro zinātņu pētniekus dalīties ar jaunākajiem pētījumiem un atziņām šajā jomā, dzima projekta “Vērtību maiņa nestabilos apstākļos: sabiedrības saliedētība un neoliberālais ētoss” īstenošanas laikā. Pētnieciskā projekta tiešais mērķis bija sniegt jaunu salīdzinošu…
Low Trough Plasma Concentrations of Nevirapine Associated with Virologic Rebounds in HIV-Infected Patients Who Switched from Protease Inhibitors
2005
BACKGROUND:The substitution of a nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) for protease inhibitors (PIs) has demonstrated its suitability to maintain virologic response. However, the switch from PIs to an NNRTI could fail for a number of reasons, including NNRTI-associated toxicity and emergence of NNRTI-resistant variants.OBJECTIVE:To describe the virologic failures among 74 HIV-infected patients who switched from PIs to nevirapine.METHODS:Virologic failure was defined as any rebound of the plasma HIV-RNA (pVL) levels >1000 copies/mL on one occasion or 2 consecutive intermittent viremia episodes defined as increases of the pVL >20 copies/mL but <1000 copies/mL. Virolog…
Immunohistochemical expression of Skp2 protein in oral nevi and melanoma
2013
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of Skp2 protein in 38 oral nevi and 11 primary oral melanomas. Study Design: Expression of this ubiquitin protein was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 49 oral melanocytic lesions, including 38 intramucosal nevi and 11 primary oral melanomas. The labeling index (LI) was assessed considering the percentage of cells expressing nuclear positivity out of the total number of cells, counting 1000 cells per slide. Results: Skp2 protein was rarely expressed in intramucosal nevi, in contrast to oral melanomas, which showed high levels of this protein. Conclusion: These results indicate that Skp2 protein may play a …
Antiretroviral treatment reverses HIV-associated anemia in rural Tanzania.
2011
Background HIV-associated anemia is common and associated with poor prognosis. However, its response to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in rural Africa is poorly understood. Methods HIV-infected adults (≥15 years) who enrolled in HIV care at Haydom Lutheran Hospital in northern Tanzania were included in the study. The effect of ART (zidovudine/stavudine + lamivudine + efavirenz/nevirapine) on HIV-associated anemia was studied in a subset of patients who were anemic at the time they started ART and had a follow-up hemoglobin measurement 12 months later. Pregnant women were excluded from the study, as were women who had given birth within the past 6 weeks. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin <12 …
Virological efficacy and emergence of drug resistance in adults on antiretroviral treatment in rural Tanzania
2009
Background Virological response to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in rural Africa is poorly described. We examined virological efficacy and emergence of drug resistance in adults receiving first-line ART for up to 4 years in rural Tanzania. Methods Haydom Lutheran Hospital has provided ART to HIV-infected patients since October 2003. A combination of stavudine or zidovudine with lamivudine and either nevirapine or efavirenz is the standard first-line regimen. Nested in a longitudinal cohort study of patients consecutively starting ART, we carried out a cross-sectional virological efficacy survey between November 2007 and June 2008. HIV viral load was measured in all adults who had completed…
Ārvalstu tiešās investīcijas Latvijā un algu nevienlīdzība starp pašmāju un ārvalstu uzņēmumiem
2022
Līdz ar nepārtrauktu kapitāla aprites pieaugumu pēdējo gadu laikā ir ievērojami palielinājusies nodarbinātība ārvalstu īpašumā esošajos uzņēmumos. Pieejamā literatūra par algu līmeņu atšķirībām starp pašmāju un ārvalstu uzņēmumiem atklāj pretējus rezultātus. Darba mērķis ir noskaidrot, kā ārvalstu kapitāla klātbūtne uzņēmumos ietekmē darba algu atšķirības starp vietējiem un ārvalstu uzņēmumiem Latvijā. Pētījuma rezultāti atklāj, ka nepastāv cieša sakarība starp augstāku darba samaksu Latvijā reģistrētos uzņēmumos, kuros ir ārvalstu tiešās investīcijas. Rezultāti liecina arī, ka 54% no profesijām augstākas algas ir pašmāju īpašumā esošajos uzņēmumos, un vienas profesijas darba samaksa vidēji…