Search results for "nicotinamide"
showing 10 items of 76 documents
Redox signaling in acute pancreatitis
2015
Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreatic gland that eventually may lead to a severe systemic inflammatory response. A key event in pancreatic damage is the intracellular activation of NF-κB and zymogens, involving also calcium, cathepsins, pH disorders, autophagy, and cell death, particularly necrosis. This review focuses on the new role of redox signaling in acute pancreatitis. Oxidative stress and redox status are involved in the onset of acute pancreatitis and also in the development of the systemic inflammatory response, being glutathione depletion, xanthine oxidase activation, and thiol oxidation in proteins critical features of the disease in the pancreas. On th…
Two-carbon metabolites, polyphenols and vitamins influence yeast chronological life span in winemaking conditions
2012
Abstract Background Viability in a non dividing state is referred to as chronological life span (CLS). Most grape juice fermentation happens when Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells have stopped dividing; therefore, CLS is an important factor toward winemaking success. Results We have studied both the physical and chemical determinants influencing yeast CLS. Low pH and heat shorten the maximum wine yeast life span, while hyperosmotic shock extends it. Ethanol plays an important negative role in aging under winemaking conditions, but additional metabolites produced by fermentative metabolism, such as acetaldehyde and acetate, have also a strong impact on longevity. Grape polyphenols quercet…
Metabolism of reduced pyridine nucleotides in ascites cell nuclei
1964
1. The conditions are described under which the fluorescence due to reduced pyridine nucleotides can be studied separately at nuclear and cytoplasmic sites of glass-grown ascites cells, by the use of a flow chamber in the microfluorimeter ofChance andLegallais.
Overexpression of Nicotinamide n-Methyl- transferase in HSC-2 OSCC cell line: effect on apoptosis and cell proliferation
2016
Zur Frage der Schutzwirkung von Thiamin bei chronischer Alkoholintoxikation
1960
Ratten wurden nach Entwohnung in 3 Gruppen zu je 42–50 Tieren auf folgende Weise ernahrt: a) die Kontrolltiere erhielten eine leberschadigende Kost und Trinkwasser, b) die Tiere der Gruppe I leberschadigende Kost und 16%igen Alkohol, dazu von der 5. Versuchswoche an 40 γ Thiamin pro Tier und Tag, d. i. die zehnfache Normaldosis, c) diejenigen der Gruppe II leberschadigende Diat und Alkohol.
Vitamin A-Wachstums- und Leberspeichertest bei Ratten, mit gleichzeitiger Prüfung eines wasser- und fettlöslichen Präparates
1960
1. Wir fuhrten den Vitamin A-Wachstumstest mit dem wasserloslichen Palmitinsaureester und dem fettloslichen Vitamin A-Acetat durch. Die Tagesdosis betrug 1,5 bzw. 2,5 IE/Tier. Jede der 4 Gruppen bestand aus 30 Mannchen. Das Ergebnis wurde nach dem t-Test vonStudent ausgewertet. 2. Unter den Bedingungen unseres Experimentes erhoht der wasserlosliche Palmitinsaureester das Wachstum gegenuber dem fettloslichen A-Acetat signifikant. Die Differenz ist bei der geringen Dosis von 1,5 IE am grosten. Der Einflus des Futterverzehrs auf das Wachstum wird diskutiert. 3. Beim Leberspeichertest arbeiteten wir wieder mit 4 Rattengruppen zu je 30 Tieren. Verwendet wurden die gleichen Praparate wie beim Wac…
Nikotīnamīda un dikarbonskābju kokristālu tvaikķīmiskas veidošanās izpēte
2016
Nikotīnamīda un dikarbonskābju kokristālu tvaikķīmiskas veidošanās izpēte. Ķeķe A., darba vadītāja vadošā pētniece Dr. chem. Orola L. Bakalaura darbs, 41 lappuses, 27 attēli, 1 tabula, 40 literatūras avoti. Latviešu valodā. Darbā veikta nikotīnamīda kokristālu tvaikķīmiska iegūšana ar dažādām dikarbonskābēm (malonskābi, dzintarskābi, glutārskābi, adipīnskābi, pimelīnskābi, suberīnskābi, azelaīnskābi, sebacīnskābi). Iegūtie kokristāli analizēti, izmantojot pulvera rentgendifraktometrijas metode. Kokristālu pārvēršanās pakāpes noteikšanai izmantoja tādas kvantatīvās analīzes metodes kā pilna profila analīzi un Ritvelda metodi.
Therapeutic effect of enhancing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and preventing eNOS uncoupling
2011
Nitric oxide (NO) produced by the endothelium is an important protective molecule in the vasculature. It is generated by the enzyme endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Similar to all NOS isoforms, functional eNOS transfers electrons from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), via the flavins flavin adenine dinucleotide and flavin mononucleotide in the carboxy-terminal reductase domain, to the heme in the amino-terminal oxygenase domain. Here, the substrate L-arginine is oxidized to L-citrulline and NO. Cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia or cigarette smoking reduce bioactive NO. These risk factors lead to an enhanced productio…
Inhibiting proliferation in KB cancer cells by RNA interference-mediated knockdown of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase expression.
2011
The enzyme Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) catalyzes the methylation of nicotinamide and other pyridines, playing a pivotal role in the biotransformation and detoxification of many drugs and xenobiotic compounds. Several tumours have been associated with abnormal NNMT expression, however its role in tumour development remains largely unknown. In this study we investigated expression levels of Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in a cancer cell line and we evaluated the effect of shRNA-mediated silencing of NNMT on cell proliferation. Cancer cells were examined for NNMT expression by semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. A HPLC-based catalytic assay was performed to asses…