Search results for "nitriles"

showing 10 items of 177 documents

Inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity by leflunomide.

1993

AbstractThe active metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726 inhibits the proliferation of a variety of mammalian cell lines in culture. Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-dependent proliferation is inhibited by A77 1726 at an effective dose of 30–40 μM. A77 1726 appears to directly inhibit the EGF receptor tyrosine-specific kinase activity both in intact cells and purified EGF receptors at the same effective dose. These data suggest that leflunomide inhibits cellular proliferation by the inhibition of tyrosine-specific kinase activities.

MaleToluidinesmedicine.medical_treatmentBiophysicsHydroxybutyratesBiochemistryKB CellsCell LineHuman foreskin fibroblast cellStructural BiologyEpidermal growth factorNitrilesGeneticsmedicineTumor Cells CulturedAnimalsHumansEpidermal growth factor receptorKinase activityPhosphorylationReceptorMolecular BiologyCells CulturedSkinAniline CompoundsbiologyCell growthKinaseEpidermal growth factor receptorGrowth factorAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalCell BiologyIsoxazolesFibroblastsTyrosine-specific kinaseCell biologyErbB ReceptorsBiochemistryCrotonatesbiology.proteinCarcinoma Squamous CellPlatelet-derived growth factor receptorLeflunomideFEBS letters
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The effects of enzalutamide and abiraterone on skeletal related events and bone radiological progression free survival in castration resistant prosta…

2017

Two new drugs, the CYP17 inhibitor abiraterone acetate and the androgen receptor (AR) antagonist enzalutamide, have recently shown to prolong OS prior chemotherapy or in docetaxel treated mCRPC patients, using steroidal therapy or placebo as control group. Updated analyses underlined the role of these new agents on two prostate-specific endpoints as radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) and time to first skeletal-related event (tSRE). On the basis of these reports, we made an indirect comparison between abiraterone and enzalutamide. We obtained a clinically but not significant difference favouring enzalutamide over abiraterone in terms of rPFS (HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.22–1.02). No signi…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/06 - Oncologia Medicamedicine.medical_treatmentUrologyAbiraterone AcetateBone NeoplasmsAbiraterone; Enzalutamide; mCRPC; rPFS; tSRE; Hematology; Oncology; Geriatrics and GerontologyPlaceboDisease-Free Survivallaw.invention03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundProstate cancer0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawNitrilesPhenylthiohydantoinEnzalutamideAndrogen Receptor AntagonistsMedicineEnzalutamideCytochrome P-450 Enzyme InhibitorsHumans030212 general & internal medicineProgression-free survivalAbirateronetSRERandomized Controlled Trials as TopicChemotherapybusiness.industryAbiraterone acetateHematologymCRPCmedicine.diseaseProstatic Neoplasms Castration-ResistantTreatment OutcomechemistryDocetaxelrPFSOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBenzamidesDisease ProgressionGeriatrics and Gerontologybusinessmedicine.drugCritical reviews in oncology/hematology
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Preventing bone loss during androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: Early experience with neridronate

2005

Abstract Objective: Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is the usual treatment for locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer. Osteoporosis is a common complication of ADT. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of neridronate, a relatively new bisphosphonate to prevent bone loss during androgen ablation. Methods: Sixty patients with prostate cancer and osteoporosis were enrolled and randomly assigned to 2 different treatment regimes: group A (30 patients) treated with maximum androgenic blockage (MAB), and group B (30 patients) treated with bicalutamide 150mg. Each group was divided in 2 subgroups A1–A2 and B1–B2. All patients received calcium and cholecalciferol supplements …

Malemusculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyDeoxypyridinolineBone densityBicalutamideUrologymedicine.medical_treatmentOsteoporosisUrologyImmunoenzyme TechniquesTosyl CompoundsAndrogen deprivation therapyProstate cancerchemistry.chemical_compoundAbsorptiometry PhotonBone DensityNitrilesmedicineHumansNeridronic acidAnilidesTestosteroneAmino AcidsVitamin DChromatography High Pressure LiquidAgedAged 80 and overDiphosphonatesEstradiolbusiness.industryProstatic NeoplasmsAndrogen AntagonistsPhosphorusBisphosphonatemedicine.diseaseSurgeryTreatment OutcomechemistryParathyroid HormoneOsteoporosisCalciumDrug Therapy CombinationbusinessBiomarkersFollow-Up Studiesmedicine.drug
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Pillar[5]arene-Diketopyrrolopyrrole Fluorescent Copolymer: A Promising Recognition and Adsorption Material for Adiponitrile by Selective Formation of…

2017

Conjugated pillar[5]arene-diketopyrrolopyrrole copolymer (P1) is synthesized by the copolymerization of a difunctionalized pillar[5]arene and a diketopyrrolopyrrole-based monomer, which shows large extinction coefficients (1.1 × 104 m-1 cm-1 ) at 519 nm and strong emission at 587 nm. P1 exhibits very strong host-guest binding affinity towards adiponitrile but low binding affinity towards 1,4-dihalobutane and 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-yl)butane. Such an enhanced selectivity is first found in the polypseudorotaxane between pillararene and neutral guests in organic solution and is successfully used for the recognition and adsorption of adiponitrile by the formation of a P1-adiponitrile polypseudorota…

Materials scienceRotaxanesPolymers and PlasticsPolymers010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryButaneConjugated systemPillararene010402 general chemistryAdiponitrile01 natural sciencesFluorescence0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionMonomerchemistryNitrilesPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerAdsorptionMacromolecular Rapid Communications
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Lack of mitochondrial toxicity of darunavir, raltegravir and rilpivirine in neurons and hepatocytes: a comparison with efavirenz.

2014

Objectives Growing evidence associates the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz with several adverse events. Newer antiretrovirals, such as the integrase inhibitor raltegravir, the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor rilpivirine and the protease inhibitor darunavir, claim to have a better toxicological profile than efavirenz while producing similar levels of efficacy and virological suppression. The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro toxicological profile of these three new antiretrovirals by evaluating their effects on the mitochondrial and cellular parameters altered by efavirenz in hepatocytes and neurons. Methods Hep3B cells and primary …

Microbiology (medical)CyclopropanesEfavirenzAnti-HIV AgentsIntegrase inhibitorBiologyMitochondrionPharmacologychemistry.chemical_compoundCell Line TumorRaltegravir PotassiumDrug Resistance ViralNitrilesmedicineAnimalsHumansPharmacology (medical)DarunavirCells CulturedDarunavirPharmacologyNeuronsSulfonamidesReverse-transcriptase inhibitorRilpivirinemedicine.diseaseRaltegravirPyrrolidinonesBenzoxazinesMitochondriaRatsMitochondrial toxicityInfectious DiseasesPyrimidineschemistryRilpivirineAlkynesHepatocytesReverse Transcriptase Inhibitorsmedicine.drugThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
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Reaction between Indazole and Pd-Bound Isocyanides-A Theoretical Mechanistic Study

2018

The mechanism of the addition of indazole (Ind)&mdash

Models Molecular3003Activation of small moleculesIndazolesisocyanideIsocyanidePharmaceutical ScienceDFT calculationProtonation010402 general chemistryDFT calculationsactivation of small molecule01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistryArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundDeprotonationNucleophilelcsh:Organic chemistryTheoreticalModelsDrug DiscoveryNitrilesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMechanical PhenomenaIndazoleNucleophilic additionCyanidesMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistrynitrileDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceOrganic ChemistryRegioselectivityMolecularIsocyanidesModels TheoreticalTautomer0104 chemical sciencesnucleophilic additionchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Settore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaMolecular Medicinereaction mechanismActivation of small molecules; DFT calculations; Isocyanides; Nitriles; Nucleophilic addition; Reaction mechanism; Cyanides; Indazoles; Models Molecular; Molecular Structure; Palladium; Mechanical Phenomena; Models Theoretical; Analytical Chemistry; Chemistry (miscellaneous); Molecular Medicine; 3003; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Organic ChemistryPalladium
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Cyclic triureas—synthesis, crystal structures and properties

2008

The synthesis of 24-membered macrocycles is described, in which rigid xanthene units (X) and/or diphenyl ether units (D) as flexible analogues are linked via urea groups. All four possible combinations (XXX, XXD, XDD, DDD) have been obtained with yields of 40-72% for the cyclisation step. In two cases, the respective cyclic hexamers (XXDXXD, XXXXXX) were also isolated. Two compounds have been characterised by a single crystal X-ray analysis of the free triurea (XXD, XDD) and one example (DDD) by its complex with tetrabutylammonium chloride. It shows the chloride anion in the centre of the macrocycle, held by six NH...Cl- hydrogen bonds. The interaction with various other anions has been stu…

Models MolecularAcetonitrilesMacrocyclic CompoundsInorganic chemistryCrystallography X-RayBiochemistryChloridechemistry.chemical_compoundBromidemedicineUreaPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAcetonitrileXantheneMolecular StructureHydrogen bondOrganic ChemistrySolvationHydrogen BondingQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsSolventCrystallographyXantheneschemistryCyclizationIntramolecular forceSpectrophotometry UltravioletChloroformCrystallizationmedicine.drugOrganic & Biomolecular Chemistry
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Thecis-transisomerization ofN-methyl-α,β-dehydroamino acids

2012

Dehydroamino acids with the methylated N-terminal peptide group occur in natural small cyclic peptides. The structural analysis was used to investigate the cis-trans isomerization of the N-terminal tertiary amide group of diamides: Ac-(Z)-Δ(Me)Abu-NHMe (1), Ac-(Z)-Δ(Me)Phe-NHMe (2), Ac-(E)-Δ(Me)Phe-NHMe (3), Ac-Δ(Me)Ala-NHMe (4), and Ac-(Me)Ala-NHMe (5). The compounds were analyzed in the solid state by an X-ray crystallography (1-3), and in the solution by FTIR (MeCN and CHCl(3) ) and NMR (DMSO-d6 and CDCl(3) ) methods (1-5). In the solid state, the studied compounds adopt the cis configuration of N-terminal amide. In solution, this configuration also prevails for the dehydroamino acids 1-…

Models MolecularAcetonitrilesMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyStereochemistryMolecular ConformationBiophysicsStereoisomerismCrystallography X-RayBiochemistryBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundAmideSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredPeptide bondchemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic ChemistryStereoisomerismGeneral MedicineNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyAmidesCis trans isomerizationCyclic peptidechemistryChloroformPeptidesAcidsIsomerizationCis–trans isomerismBiopolymers
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Antiferromagnetic porous metal-organic framework containing mixed-valence [Mn(II)4Mn(III)2(μ4-O)2]10+ units with catecholase activity and selective g…

2012

A multifunctional porous metal organic framework based on mixed-valence hexa-nuclear [Mn(III)(2)Mn(II)(4)O(2)(pyz)(2)(C(6)H(5)CH(2)COO)(10)] (pyz = pyrazine) units has been synthesized. The complex has been characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and variable-temperature magnetic measurements. The structural analysis reveals that the bidentate pyz molecules connect each [Mn(6)] unit to its four [Mn(6)] neighbors through the peripheral Mn(II) centers, giving rise to a three-dimensional (3D) distorted diamond-like porous framework. Variable-temperature (2-300 K) magnetic susceptibility measurements show the presence of dominant antiferr…

Models MolecularDenticityAcetonitrilesPyrazineStereochemistryCatecholsInfrared spectroscopyCrystallography X-RayInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCoordination ComplexesAntiferromagnetismMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAcetonitrileManganeseValence (chemistry)Molecular StructureChemistryHydrolysisMagnetic PhenomenaTemperatureCarbon DioxideMagnetic susceptibilityCrystallographyKineticsPyrazinesAdsorptionGasesOxidation-ReductionPorosityInorganic chemistry
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Tetrathiafulvalene-Based Mixed-Valence Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor Triads: A Joint Theoretical and Experimental Approach

2013

This work presents a joint theoretical and experimental characterisation of the structural and electronic properties of two tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-based acceptor-donor-acceptor triads (BQ-TTF-BQ and BTCNQ-TTF - BTCNQ; BQ is naphthoquinone and BTCNQ is benzotetracyano-p-quinodimethane) in their neutral and reduced states. The study is performed with the use of electrochemical, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and UV/Vis/NIR spectroelectrochemical techniques guided by quantum-chemical calculations. Emphasis is placed on the mixed-valence properties of both triads in their radical anion states. The electrochemical and EPR results reveal that both BQ-TTF-BQ and BTCNQ-TTF-BTCNQ triads in…

Models MolecularElectronic structureDonor–acceptor systemsElectronsNanotechnology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisElectron Transportchemistry.chemical_compoundHeterocyclic CompoundsNitrilesBenzene Derivatives010405 organic chemistryChemistryBusiness administrationOrganic ChemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyGeneral ChemistryAcceptor3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesDensity functional calculationsFleroxacinChristian ministryMixed-valent compoundsDonor acceptorOxidation-ReductionTetrathiafulvaleneNaphthoquinonesEPR spectroscopyChemistry - A European Journal
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