Search results for "niveljalkaiset"
showing 9 items of 9 documents
Sensitivity of soil decomposer communities to habitat fragmentation : an experimental approach
2004
FM Minna-Liisa Rantalainen osoittaa väitöskirjatyössään, että metsämaaperän eliöyhteisöt sietävät suhteellisen hyvin elinympäristönsä pirstaloitumista. Yhtenä harvoista aiheesta tehdyistä tutkimuksista työ luo myös pohjaa mallille siitä, miten maaperäeliöillä saatuja tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää, kun halutaan ennustaa luonnonsuojelun kannalta tärkeiden eliöiden selviytymismahdollisuuksia elinympäristön pirstaloituessa.Yhtenäisen elinympäristön pirstaloitumisen pienemmiksi saarekkeiksi tiedetään johtavan lajien häviämisiin ja/tai pienempiin populaatioihin. Maaperän hajottajaeliöyhteisön vasteita pirstaloitumiseen on aiemmin tutkittu varsin vähän. Tämä on yllättävää, koska hajottajilla on tärke…
Accounting for species interactions is necessary for predicting how arctic arthropod communities respond to climate change
2021
Species interactions are known to structure ecological communities. Still, the influence of climate change on biodiversity has primarily been evaluated by correlating individual species distributions with local climatic descriptors, then extrapolating into future climate scenarios. We ask whether predictions on arctic arthropod response to climate change can be improved by accounting for species interactions. For this, we use a 14-year-long, weekly time series from Greenland, resolved to the species level by mitogenome mapping. During the study period, temperature increased by 2 degrees C and arthropod species richness halved. We show that with abiotic variables alone, we are essentially un…
The interplay of landscape composition and configuration: new pathways to manage functional biodiversity and agroecosystem services across Europe
2019
Managing agricultural landscapes to support biodiversity and ecosystem services is a key aim of a sustainable agriculture. However, how the spatial arrangement of crop fields and other habitats in landscapes impacts arthropods and their functions is poorly known. Synthesising data from 49 studies (1515 landscapes) across Europe, we examined effects of landscape composition (% habitats) and configuration (edge density) on arthropods in fields and their margins, pest control, pollination and yields. Configuration effects interacted with the proportions of crop and non-crop habitats, and species’ dietary, dispersal and overwintering traits led to contrasting responses to landscape variables. O…
A molecular-based identification resource for the arthropods of Finland
2022
Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. Molecular Ecology Resources published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. To associate specimens identified by molecular characters to other biological knowledge, we need reference sequences annotated by Linnaean taxonomy. In this study, we (1) report the creation of a comprehensive reference library of DNA barcodes for the arthropods of an entire country (Finland), (2) publish this library, and (3) deliver a new identification tool for insects and spiders, as based on this resource. The reference library contains mtDNA COI barcodes for 11,275 (43%) of 26,437 arthropod species known from Finland, including 10,811 (45%) of 23,956 insect species. To quantify the…
Stable isotopes in monitoring terrestrial arthropods
2022
Monitoring of arthropods focuses typically on changes in population and range size over time. Yet, there are a myriad of other aspects that could and should be monitored under the ongoing global and local environmental change. Stable isotope analysis, widely employed in short-term ecological studies, has potential in long-term monitoring of arthropods. Here we discuss the use of stable isotopes in monitoring terrestrial arthropods, provide some empirical examples of the use of bulk tissue samples in stable isotope analysis, and outline future directions in using compound-specific stable isotope analysis in monitoring. We performed a literature search for 2012–2021 to see if stable isotopes …
Imprints of latitude, host taxon, and decay stage on fungus-associated arthropod communities
2022
Interactions among fungi and insects involve hundreds of thousands of species. While insect communities on plants have formed some of the classic model systems in ecology, fungus-based communities and the forces structuring them remain poorly studied by comparison. We characterize the arthropod communities associated with fruiting bodies of eight mycorrhizal basidiomycete fungus species from three different orders along a 1200-km latitudinal gradient in northern Europe. We hypothesized that, matching the pattern seen for most insect taxa on plants, we would observe a general decrease in fungal-associated species with latitude. Against this backdrop, we expected local communities to be struc…
Ecological and social impacts of photovoltaic solar power plants and optimization of their locations in northern Chile
2017
Large scale photovoltaic (PV) solar power plants are gaining popularity in Chile. Solar energy potential in northern Chile is one of the best worldwide and true deserts are considered ideal environments for solar power plant projects. Atacama Desert is one of the driest places on earth. Nevertheless, northern Chile is home for many endemic species with 40 different vegetation types. The thesis presents studies of ecological effects (I-II) and location optimization of PV solar power plants in northern Chile (III). For ecological impacts two types of PV solar power plant technologies were studied: fixed mount solar plant and solar- tracking mounts. Study units were placed below the mounts or …
Metsänuudistuskäsittelyjen vaikutus maaperän änkyrimatojen (Enchytraeidae) ja makroniveljalkaisten yksilömääriin
2006
Puiden juurierityksen estämisen vaikutus maaperään ja maaperäeläimiin
2017
Merkittävä osa kasvien yhteyttämästä hiilestä päätyy maan alle joko kasvibiomassana, symbionttisten sienten biomassana tai juurten erittäminä hiiliyhdisteinä. Maaperäeläimille ja mikrobeille juurista maahan erittyneet hiiliyhdisteet ovat tärkeä energianlähde. Puiden juurieritys vaikuttaa siten myös maaperän eliöyhteisön rakenteeseen ja sitä kautta mahdollisesti kaikkiin maaperän mikrobiologisiin prosesseihin. Tässä tutkimuksessa selvitettiin kuinka puiden juurierityksen estäminen vaikuttaa maaperäeläimien runsauteen sekä tiettyihin maaperän ominaisuuksiin. Tutkimusalueena oli suomalainen mäntymetsä, johon oli perustettu koealoja, joissa luonnollisia ravinne- ja energiavirtoja oli manipuloit…