Search results for "non-alcoholic"

showing 10 items of 271 documents

The burden of hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Screening issue and future perspectives

2019

In recent decades, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common liver disease in the Western world, and the occurrence of its complications, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has rapidly increased. Obesity and diabetes are considered not only the main triggers for the development of the disease, but also two independent risk factors for HCC. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (such as PNPLA3, TM6SF2 and MBOAT7) are related to the susceptibility to the development of HCC and its progression. Therefore, an appropriate follow-up of these patients is needed for the early diagnosis and treatment of HCC. To date, international guidelines recommend the use of ultrasonogr…

OncologyHepatocellular carcinomaDiseaseReviewlcsh:ChemistryLiver disease0302 clinical medicineDisease ScreeningRisk FactorsMass ScreeningHCClcsh:QH301-705.5SpectroscopyFatty liverLiver NeoplasmsGeneral MedicineComputer Science Applications030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHepatocellular carcinoma030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyMiRNAmedicine.medical_specialtyMicro RNACarcinoma HepatocellularSingle-nucleotide polymorphismCatalysisTM6SF2Inorganic ChemistryDiabetes Complications03 medical and health sciencesDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineNAFLDmedicineAnimalsHumansObesityPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologyPNPLA3Long non-conding RNAbusiness.industryOrganic Chemistrymedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesLncRNAlcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999businessTM6SF2Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
researchProduct

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in hepatocarcinoma: new insights about its prognostic role in patients treated with lenvatinib

2021

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment remains a big challenge in the field of oncology. The liver disease (viral or not viral) underlying HCC turned out to be crucial in determining the biologic behavior of the tumor, including its response to treatment. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the role of the etiology of the underlying liver disease in survival outcomes. Patients and methods We conducted a multicenter retrospective study on a large cohort of patients treated with lenvatinib as first-line therapy for advanced HCC from both Eastern and Western institutions. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results Among the 1232 lenvatinib-treated HCC pat…

OncologyPhenylurea CompoundatezolizumabCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularQuinolinelenvatinibbevacizumabchemistry.chemical_compoundLiver diseaseRetrospective StudieNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseInternal medicineMedicineHumansnonalcoholic steatohepatitisOriginal ResearchRetrospective StudiesUnivariate analysisSettore MED/12 - GastroenterologiaPerformance statusbusiness.industryPhenylurea CompoundsHazard ratioLiver NeoplasmsRetrospective cohort studyHepatitis Chepatocellular carcinomamedicine.diseasePrognosisdigestive system diseasesadvanced hepatocarcinoma; atezolizumab; bevacizumab; hepatitis C; hepatocellular carcinoma; immunotherapy; lenvatinib; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; sorafenibadvanced hepatocarcinomaOncologychemistryLiver NeoplasmHepatocellular carcinomanonalcoholic steatohepatitiQuinolinessorafenibimmunotherapyhepatitis CbusinessLenvatinibHuman
researchProduct

NAFLD-driven HCC: Safety and efficacy of current and emerging treatment options

2022

In light of a global rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represent an increasingly important underlying aetiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCCs arising from lipotoxicity-mediated chronic inflammation are characterised by several unique features: in contrast to virally driven HCC, up to 50% of NAFLD-HCC occurs in patients without cirrhosis and annual HCC incidence is comparatively low, complicating current surveillance strategies. On average, patients are older and are more frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage. While locoregional treatments are probably equally effective regardless of HCC aetio…

Oncologymedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularCirrhosisDiseaseType 2 diabetesNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseRisk FactorsInternal medicinemedicineHumansneoplasmsHepatologybusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsFatty livermedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesLiver TransplantationClinical trialTreatment OutcomeLiverHepatocellular carcinomaDisease ProgressionMetabolic syndromeSteatohepatitisbusinessJournal of Hepatology
researchProduct

Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in NAFLD (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) - how are clinical trials affected?

2020

Pharmacologymedicine.medical_specialtyClinical Trials as Topicbusiness.industryNAFLD - Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseGeneral MedicineClinical trialPharmacotherapyNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseResearch DesignInternal medicineLifestyle interventionmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)businessLife StyleExpert opinion on investigational drugs
researchProduct

Advances in liver US, CT, and MRI: moving toward the future

2021

AbstractOver the past two decades, the epidemiology of chronic liver disease has changed with an increase in the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in parallel to the advent of curative treatments for hepatitis C. Recent developments provided new tools for diagnosis and monitoring of liver diseases based on ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as applied for assessing steatosis, fibrosis, and focal lesions. This narrative review aims to discuss the emerging approaches for qualitative and quantitative liver imaging, focusing on those expected to become adopted in clinical practice in the next 5 to 10 years. While radiomics is an emergin…

R895-920X-ray computedBiomarkerMedical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicineMagnetic resonance imagingElasticity Imaging TechniquesHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNarrative ReviewTomography X-Ray ComputedTomographyBiomarkersNon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseUltrasonographyHuman
researchProduct

Mboat7 down-regulation by hyper-insulinemia induces fat accumulation in hepatocytes.

2020

Background: Naturally occurring variation in Membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 (MBOAT7), encoding for an enzyme involved in phosphatidylinositol acyl-chain remodelling, has been associated with fatty liver and hepatic disorders. Here, we examined the relationship between hepatic Mboat7 down-regulation and fat accumulation. Methods: Hepatic MBOAT7 expression was surveyed in 119 obese individuals and in experimental models. MBOAT7 was acutely silenced by antisense oligonucleotides in C57Bl/6 mice, and by CRISPR/Cas9 in HepG2 hepatocytes. Findings: In obese individuals, hepatic MBOAT7 mRNA decreased from normal liver to steatohepatitis, independently of diabetes, inflammatio…

Research paperTGFβ Transforming Growth Factor BetaIntracellular SpaceCRISPR Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatshHEPS Human HepatocytesMice0302 clinical medicineLPIAT1DAG Diacylglyceroli.p. Intraperitonealmedia_commonFatty AcidsGeneral Medicine3. Good health030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHOMA-IR homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin ResistanceMPO morpholinolcsh:Medicine (General)medicine.medical_specialtyPE Phosphatidyl-EthanolamineNashGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciencesTNFα tumor Necrosis Factor AlphaLDL Low Density LipoproteinsHyperinsulinismNAFLDSD Standard Dietmedia_common.cataloged_instanceHumansCPT1 Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase IPhosphatidylinositolGene SilencingEuropean unionVLDL Very Low Density Lipoproteinlcsh:RhHSC Human Hepatic Stellate Cellsmedicine.diseaseLipid MetabolismOA Oleic AcidCI Confidence IntervalMboat7 Membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7MCD methionine choline deficient diet030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologychemistryCDP Cytidine-DiphosphateFOXO1 Forkhead Box protein O1NAFLD nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseSteatohepatitisBMI Body Mass IndexCL CardiolipinAcyltransferases0301 basic medicineAlcoholic liver diseaseCXCL10 C-X-C Motif Chemokine 10lcsh:Medicinechemistry.chemical_compoundNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseIFG Impaired Fasting GlucoseAPOB Apolipoprotein BNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasePIP Phosphatidyl-Inositol-PhosphateSteatohepatitisqRT-PCR quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain ReactionMice Knockoutlcsh:R5-920ORO Oil Red O StainingPI PhosphatidylinositolFatty liverTM6SF2 Transmembrane 6 Superfamily Member 2PhospholipidTAG TriglyceridesNASH Nonalcoholic SteatohepatitisLipogenesisLPA Lyso-Phosphatidic AcidPhosphatidylinositolSignal TransductionPS Phosphatidyl-SerinePA Palmitic AcidALD alcoholic liver diseasePC Phosphatidylcholinei.v. IntravenousFATP1 Fatty Acid Transport Protein 1Models BiologicalInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasePPARα Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor alphaObesityG3P Glyceraldehyde-3-PhosphateSREBP1c Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1HDL High Density Lipoproteinsbusiness.industryPI3K Phosphatidylinositol 3 KinaseMembrane ProteinsNHEJ Non-Homologues End JoiningPNPLA3 Patatin-like Phospholipase Domain-containing-3MTTP Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer ProteinLPIAT1 Lysophosphatidylinositol Acyltransferase 1TMC4 Transmembrane Channel-Like 4Disease Models AnimalGene Expression RegulationHepatocytesFOXA2 Forkhead Box A2mTOR mammalian target of RapamycinSteatosisInsulin ResistancebusinessPG Phosphatidyl-GlycerolFABP1 Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 1 FAS Fatty Acid SynthaseT2DM Type 2 Diabetes MellitusEBioMedicine
researchProduct

Increased serum miR-193a-5p during non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression: Diagnostic and mechanistic relevance

2022

Background & Aims Serum microRNA (miRNA) levels are known to change in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and may serve as useful biomarkers. This study aimed to profile miRNAs comprehensively at all NAFLD stages. Methods We profiled 2,083 serum miRNAs in a discovery cohort (183 cases with NAFLD representing the complete NAFLD spectrum and 10 population controls). miRNA libraries generated by HTG EdgeSeq were sequenced by Illumina NextSeq. Selected serum miRNAs were profiled in 372 additional cases with NAFLD and 15 population controls by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Results Levels of 275 miRNAs differed between cases and population controls. Fewer differences were seen wi…

SCORING SYSTEMCPM counts per millionAUROC area under the receiver operating characteristicRC799-869AST aspartate aminotransferaseMicroRNA; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Biomarker; SequencingTGF-β transforming growth factor-betaGastroenterologySTEATOHEPATITISLiver disease0302 clinical medicineFibrosismiRNA microRNAlogFC log2 fold changeFIBROSISImmunology and AllergySequencing0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyNAS NAFLD activity scoremedicine.diagnostic_testFatty liverGastroenterologyGTEx Genotype-Tissue ExpressionMicroRNADiseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology3. Good healthReal-time polymerase chain reactionBiomarker MicroRNA Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease SequencingLiver biopsyACIDBiomarker (medicine)030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineResearch ArticleEXPRESSIONmedicine.medical_specialtyNAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseNASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitisPopulationGastroenterology and HepatologySAF steatosis–activity–fibrosisVALIDATIONER endoplasmic reticulum03 medical and health sciencescDNA complementary DNAInternal medicineALT alanine aminotransferaseGastroenterologiInternal MedicinemedicineNAFL non-alcoholic fatty liverALGORITHMFIB-4 fibrosis-4education030304 developmental biologyPCA principal component analysisScience & TechnologyGastroenterology & HepatologyHepatologybusiness.industryBiomarkerFC fold changemedicine.diseaseBiomarker; MicroRNA; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Sequencingdigestive system diseasesFLIP fatty liver inhibition of progressionCt cycle thresholdSteatosisqPCR quantitative PCRbusinessNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease
researchProduct

Lifestyle versus ezetimibe plus lifestyle in patients with biopsy-proven non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (LISTEN): A double-blind randomised placebo-co…

2022

Background and aims: The LISTEN trial (ClinicalTrial.gov accession: NCT01950884) is a phase IV 52 weeks double blind parallel randomized controlled trial that evaluated the effect of ezetimibe plus lifestyle and dietary intervention (eze) vs. lifestyle and dietary intervention alone (placebo) on progression and complications of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) evaluated by liver histology. Methods and results: Forty patients with NASH ascertained by histology were randomly allocated on the two study groups and subjected to a follow-up of 52 weeks, when they underwent a second liver biopsy. Main composite end point (EP) was based on the histological improvement in the severity of NASH. T…

Settore MED/12 - GastroenterologiaNutrition and DieteticsSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismBiopsyMedicine (miscellaneous)Liver biopsyEzetimibeTreatment OutcomeDouble-Blind MethodRandomized controlled trialNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseHumansCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineNon-alcoholic steatohepatitiLife StyleNutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
researchProduct

Modeling NAFLD Disease Burden in China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States for the period 2016-2030

2018

Background & Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are increasingly a cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma globally. This burden is expected to increase as epidemics of obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome continue to grow. The goal of this analysis was to use a Markov model to forecast NAFLD disease burden using currently available data. Methods: A model was used to estimate NAFLD and NASH disease progression in eight countries based on data for adult prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Published estimates and expert consensus were used to build and validate the model projections. Results: If obesity and…

Time FactorsDiseaseddc:616.07Liver disease0302 clinical medicineDiabetes mellitusCost of IllnessNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseasePrevalenceHCCddc:616Mathematical modelseducation.field_of_studyMalalties del fetgeLiver DiseasesFatty liverBurden of diseaseNASHCardiovascular diseaseMetabolic syndromeMarkov ChainsCirrhosis030220 oncology & carcinogenesis030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyHealth care resource utilizationDiabetes mellituChinaPopulationdigestive system03 medical and health sciencesEnvironmental healthNAFLDmedicineHumansddc:610ObesityeducationDisease burdenCirrhosiHepatologybusiness.industryModels matemàticsnutritional and metabolic diseasesModels Theoreticalmedicine.diseaseObesitydigestive system diseasesDiabetes Mellitus Type 2SteatohepatitisMetabolic syndromebusiness
researchProduct

Epidemiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Implications for Liver Transplantation.

2018

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 25% of the global adult population with a range of 13.5% in Africa and 31.8% in the Middle East. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is closely associated with a constellation of metabolic comorbidities which include: obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesteremia. In fact, the increasing number of metabolic comorbidities not only increases the prevalence of NAFLD but also places patients at higher risk for progressive liver disease. As such, NAFLD is presently among the top etiologies for hepatocellular carcinoma and an indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the United States. Therefore, the following recommendati…

United StateLiver Cirrhosismedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularTissue and Organ ProcurementWaiting ListsLiver Cirrhosimedicine.medical_treatmentComorbidity030230 surgeryLiver transplantationdigestive system03 medical and health sciencesLiver disease0302 clinical medicineNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseRisk FactorsInternal medicineEpidemiologyNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasePrevalenceMedicineHumansMetabolic SyndromeTransplantationbusiness.industryRisk FactorIncidencePatient SelectionLiver Neoplasmsnutritional and metabolic diseasesType 2 Diabetes Mellitusmedicine.diseaseComorbidityObesitydigestive system diseasesUnited StatesLiver TransplantationLiver NeoplasmWaiting ListDisease Progression030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyMetabolic syndromebusinessHumanTransplantation
researchProduct