Search results for "norepinephrine"

showing 10 items of 234 documents

A presynaptic excitatory M1 muscarine receptor at postganglionic cardiac noradrenergic nerve fibres that is activated by endogenous acetylcholine.

1990

Rabbit atria were isolated with the extrinsic right vagus and sympathetic nerves intact and perfused with Tyrode solution. Noradrenaline overflow evoked by sympathetic nerve stimulation (SNS) at 3 Hz for 3 min was determined before, during, and after vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), also at 3 Hz and for 3 min. The VNS pulses preceded the SNS pulses by 3, 100 and 233 ms. Acetylcholine overflow was determined after labelling of the transmitter stores with [14C]choline. Pirenzepine 80 nmol/l failed to alter the muscarinic inhibition of noradrenaline overflow when the vago-sympathetic impulse intervals were 3 and 233 ms. At an interval of 100 ms VNS did not significantly inhibit noradrenaline ove…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyanimal structuresSympathetic Nervous Systemmedicine.medical_treatmentStimulationBiologychemistry.chemical_compoundNorepinephrineNorepinephrineInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineReaction TimeAnimalsCarbon RadioisotopesPharmacologyMuscarineHeartVagus NerveGeneral MedicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1PirenzepineReceptors MuscarinicAcetylcholineElectric StimulationEndocrinologynervous systemchemistrycardiovascular systemExcitatory postsynaptic potentialAutonomic Fibers PostganglionicFemaleRabbitsAcetylcholineVagus nerve stimulationmedicine.drugSynaptosomesNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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Actions of alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agents on two types of intracellular calcium stores mobilized by noradrenaline in rat aorta.

1993

In isolated rat aortic strips noradrenaline induces a biphasic contractile response in Ca-free medium, associated with two different intracellular calcium pools, one of which is common to caffeine. We analyzed the mechanisms involved in the depletion and repletion of both intracellular Ca pools sensitive to noradrenaline in different experimental procedures in presence of prazosin, phentolamine and yohimbine. At 37 degrees C the alpha-adrenergic blocking agents inhibited contractile responses to noradrenaline in Ca-free medium, with prazosin being highly selective. alpha 2-adrenoceptors probably do not participate in the release of Ca from internal stores, as no contractile response was obs…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtychemistry.chemical_elementAorta ThoracicBiologyCalciumIn Vitro TechniquesCalcium in biologyClonidineMuscle Smooth VascularNorepinephrine (medication)NorepinephrinePhentolamineInternal medicinemedicine.arteryCaffeinemedicinePrazosinAnimalsRats WistarAdrenergic alpha-AntagonistsPharmacologyAortaGeneral MedicineYohimbineRatsEndocrinologychemistryCalciumEndothelium VascularIntracellularmedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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Contractile hyporesponsiveness to norepinephrine of forearm veins in chronic renal failure.

2006

Background We recently reported that endothelium-dependent relaxation is impaired in forearm veins from patients with chronic renal failure. However, assessment of responses to norepinephrine remains controversial. We examined the contractile response to norepinephrine in forearm veins from patients on chronic hemodialysis and the role of nitric oxide (NO), prostanoids, and Ca 2+ -activated K + channels in this response. Methods Isometric contraction curves were obtained in rings of forearm vein from 21 dialyzed patients and 12 multiorgan donors in response to norepinephrine (1 nmol/L to 10 μmol/L) or KCl (5 to 100 mmol/L). Results Veins from uremic patients were markedly less responsive to…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtychemistry.chemical_elementCalciumNitric oxideVeinsNorepinephrine (medication)chemistry.chemical_compoundNorepinephrineForearmInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineHumansVeinVoltage-dependent calcium channelDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryMiddle AgedForearmEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistrycardiovascular systemCatecholamineKidney Failure ChronicFemalemedicine.symptombusinessmedicine.drugMuscle contractionAmerican journal of hypertension
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Endogenous and exogenous nitric oxide inhibits norepinephrine release from rat heart sympathetic nerves.

1995

Abstract This study was designed to elucidate whether nitric oxide (NO) controls norepinephrine (NE) release from sympathetic nerves of the rat heart. Hearts were perfused in the Langendorff mode with Tyrode’s solution. The right sympathetic nerve was stimulated with trains of 1 or 3 Hz and NE release was measured. The NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor N G -nitro- l -arginine (L-NNA) enhanced the evoked NE release in a concentration-dependent manner. This facilitation was independent of the increase in perfusion pressure and was stereospecifically reversed by l -arginine but not d -arginine. Another NOS inhibitor, N G -methyl- l -arginine, produced a similar increase in NE release. The NO-donor …

Nervous systemMalemedicine.medical_specialtySympathetic Nervous SystemPhysiologyEndogenyNeurotransmissionIn Vitro TechniquesArginineNitric OxideNitric oxideNorepinephrine (medication)Rats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundNorepinephrineInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsEnzyme Inhibitorsomega-N-MethylargininebiologyChemistryHeartImmunohistochemistryRatsNitric oxide synthasemedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyCatecholaminebiology.proteinLiberationFemaleNitric Oxide SynthaseCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinemedicine.drugCirculation research
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Effects of Ca2+ entry blockers on CaCl2-, KCl- and noradrenaline-induced contractions of goat cerebral arteries

1990

Abstract The effects of three Ca 2+ entry blockers, nicardipine, nimodipine and verapamil, on CaCl 2 -, KCl- and noradrenaline-induced contractions were examined in isolated goat middle cerebral artery. The relationship between the effects of Ca 2+ entry blockers and the extracellular Ca 2+ dependence of the contractions was also examined. In ‘nominally’ Ca 2+ -free medium, addition of CaCl 2 induced concentration-dependent contractions of previously depolarized arteries. Withdrawal of Ca 2+ from the extracellular medium caused strong inhibition of the KCl- and noradrenaline-induced arterial contractions. Addition of EGTA to the Ca 2+ -free medium almost abolished the noradrenaline-response…

NicardipineCerebral arteriesIn Vitro TechniquesPharmacologyMuscle Smooth VascularPotassium ChlorideCalcium ChlorideNicardipineNorepinephrinechemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.arterymedicineExtracellularAnimalsEgtazic AcidNimodipinePharmacologyChemistryGoatsCerebral ArteriesCalcium Channel BlockersEGTAVerapamilAnesthesiaMiddle cerebral arteryVerapamilFemaleNimodipinemedicine.symptomVasoconstrictionMuscle Contractionmedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Pharmacology
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Untersuchungen zum Mechanismus der blutdrucksteigernden Wirkung von Mineralokortikoiden

1973

1. Es wird uber Untersuchungen zu der Frage berichtet, ob die blutdrucksteigernde Wirkung von Mineralokortikoiden mit einer Anderung der Noradrenalininaktivierung in Zusammenhang steht.

Norepinephrine (medication)Pregnanetriolchemistry.chemical_compoundChemistryDrug DiscoverymedicineMolecular MedicineGeneral MedicineVasoconstrictor AgentsPharmacologyGenetics (clinical)Drug synergismmedicine.drugKlinische Wochenschrift
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Radioimmunoassay of Plasma and Urinary Norepinephrine

1989

Various analytical methods, such as fluorimetry, radioenzymic assay and in particular liquid chromatography are used for the analysis of norepinephrine (NA) in body fluids and tissue homogenates. These procedures, however, often lack sensitivity, are expensive and/or time consuming. Basing on our previous reports on the radioimmunoassay of chemically modified serotonin1, 5-hydroxy-3-indole acetic acid2 and normetanephrine (NMN)3, a sensitive radioimmunoassay of the N-acetyl,3-methoxy analogue of urinary and plasma norepinephrine was developed.

Norepinephrine (medication)chemistry.chemical_compoundChromatographyPlasma norepinephrineChemistryUrinary systemmedicineRadioimmunoassayNormetanephrinemedicine.drug
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Peripheral CB1 receptor blockade acts as a memory enhancer through an adrenergic-dependent mechanism

2021

Peripheral inputs to the brain continuously shape its function and can influence the formation of non-emotional memory, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. Cannabinoid type-1 receptors (CB1R), widely distributed in the organism, is a well-recognized player in memory performance, and its systemic modulation significantly influences memory function. By assessing non-emotional memory in mice, we have now found a relevant role of peripheral CB1R in the formation of persistent memory. Indeed, peripherally restricted CB1R antagonism by using AM6545 showed a mnemonic effect that was occluded in adrenalectomized mice, after peripheral adrenergic blockade, or when vagus ner…

NorepinephrineCannabinoid receptorDopamineChemistrymedicine.medical_treatmentmedicineAdrenergicLocus coeruleusCannabinoidHippocampal formationNeuroscienceBlockademedicine.drug
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Bilateral olfactory deprivation reveals a selective noradrenergic regulatory input to the olfactory bulb.

2001

Unilateral olfactory deprivation in the rat induces changes in the catecholaminergic system of the olfactory bulb. Nevertheless, evidence suggests that unilateral deprivation does not fully prevent stimulation of the deprived bulb. The present report analyses the response of the catecholaminergic system of the olfactory bulb in fully deprived rats obtained by bilateral naris occlusion. The complete deprivation produces more rapid and dramatic changes in both the intrinsic and extrinsic catecholaminergic systems of the olfactory bulb. Intrinsic responses involve a rapid decrease in dopamine-containing cells to about 25% of controls, correlated with a decreased Fos expression in juxtaglomerul…

Olfactory systemOlfactory NerveTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseDopamineCentral nervous systemOlfactionDopamine beta-HydroxylaseBiologyNorepinephrinemedicineAnimalsSensory deprivationOlfactory memoryRats WistarCatecholaminergicAfferent PathwaysNeuronal PlasticityGeneral NeuroscienceOlfactory tubercleDenervationOlfactory BulbAxonsOlfactory bulbRatsSmellOlfactory Nerve Injuriesmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleLocus CoeruleusSensory DeprivationNeuroscienceProto-Oncogene Proteins c-fosNeuroscience
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Die Hemmung der Noradrenalin-Aufnahme des Herzens durch Reserpin und die Wirkung von Tyramin

1960

PharmacologyChemistryPharmacology toxicologyEpinephrine metabolismNorepinephrine metabolismGeneral MedicinePharmacologyNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv f�r Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie
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