Search results for "notch"
showing 10 items of 93 documents
Relevance of the macrophage phenotype in mucosal regeneration in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
2015
La enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal (EII) es una enfermedad crónica, recidivante, de carácter sistémico que afecta principalmente al tracto gastrointestinal. Esta patología engloba dos entidades clínicas, la Enfermedad de Crohn (EC) y la Colitis Ulcerosa (CU), que difieren en algunos aspectos pero comparten la disrupción de la barrera epitelial y la respuesta exacerbada del sistema inmunológico a la flora bacteriana. La etiología de la enfermedad es desconocida pero se sabe que factores genéticos (tanto alteraciones a nivel genético como la presencia de miRNAs), ambientales (tales como la dieta, tabaco, actividad física o la calidad del sueño), flora intestinal y sistema inmunológico cont…
Papel de la familia notch en la angiogénesis ovarica y uterina en condiciones fisiológicas y patológicas
2014
La angiogénesis es el proceso por el cual se generan nuevos vasos sanguíneos a partir de vasos pre-existente y es esencial para el desarrollo y supervivencia de los seres vivos. En el embrión se produce una angiogénesis muy importante con el fin de formar el sistema vascular del nuevo individuo en su totalidad. Sin embargo, y aunque en adultos en endotelio conserva su potencial angiogénico durante toda la vida del individuo, en condiciones fisiológicas generalmente permanece quiescente. Solo se activa en casos concretos como en procesos de curación de heridas y en órganos con angiogénesis cíclica, es decir, los órganos reproductores: el ovario y el endometrio. También se activa en condicion…
Human Papilloma Virus-Dependent HMGA1 Expression Is a Relevant Step in Cervical Carcinogenesis
2008
HMGA1 is a member of a small family of architectural transcription factors involved in the coordinate assembly of multiprotein complexes referred to as enhanceosomes. In addition to their role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and development, high-mobility group proteins of the A type (HMGA) family members behave as transforming protoncogenes either in vitro or in animal models. Recent reports indicated that HMGA1 might counteract p53 pathway and provided an interesting hint on the mechanisms determining HMGA's transforming potential. HMGA1 expression is deregulated in a very large array of human tumors, including cervical cancer, but very limited information is available on the mole…
In vitro and in vivo arterial differentiation of human multipotent adult progenitor cells
2006
Many stem cell types have been shown to differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs); however, their specification to arterial or venous endothelium remains unexplored. We tested whether a specific arterial or venous EC fate could be induced in human multipotent adult progenitor cells (hMAPCs) and AC133(+) cells (hAC133(+)). In vitro, in the presence of VEGF(165), hAC133(+) cells only adopted a venous and microvascular EC phenotype, while hMAPCs differentiated into both arterial and venous ECs, possibly because hMAPCs expressed significantly more sonic hedgehog (Shh) and its receptors as well as Notch 1 and 3 receptors and some of their ligands. Accordingly, blocking either of those pathways …
VEGF and Notch Signaling in Angiogenesis
2015
The vascular system is responsible for providing every cell in vertebrate organisms with a sufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients, allowing waste disposal as well as transmitting immune responses among other functions. Thus, every tissue and organ requires an efficient network of blood vessels, which can be formed de novo (vasculogenesis) or from existing vessels (angiogenesis). The onset of the latter, namely endothelial cell (EC) sprouting, is the focus of this chapter. EC sprouting starts with the differentiation of ECs into guiding tip cells and proliferative stalk cells that form the growing sprout and it ends with the so-called anastomosis, when the sprout fuses with another sprout…
Pharmacogenomic identification of small molecules for lineage specific manipulation of subventricular zone germinal activity
2017
Strategies for promoting neural regeneration are hindered by the difficulty of manipulating desired neural fates in the brain without complex genetic methods. The subventricular zone (SVZ) is the largest germinal zone of the forebrain and is responsible for the lifelong generation of interneuron subtypes and oligodendrocytes. Here, we have performed a bioinformatics analysis of the transcriptome of dorsal and lateral SVZ in early postnatal mice, including neural stem cells (NSCs) and their immediate progenies, which generate distinct neural lineages. We identified multiple signaling pathways that trigger distinct downstream transcriptional networks to regulate the diversity of neural cells …
Notch and Numb are required for normal migration of peripheral glia in Drosophila
2006
Abstract A prominent feature of glial cells is their ability to migrate along axons to finally wrap and insulate them. In the embryonic Drosophila PNS, most glial cells are born in the CNS and have to migrate to reach their final destinations. To understand how migration of the peripheral glia is regulated, we have conducted a genetic screen looking for mutants that disrupt the normal glial pattern. Here we present an analysis of two of these mutants: Notch and numb. Complete loss of Notch function leads to an increase in the number of glial cells. Embryos hemizygous for the weak NotchB-8X allele display an irregular migration phenotype and mutant glial cells show an increased formation of …
GSK-3 as potential target for therapeutic intervention in cancer
2014
// James A. McCubrey 1 , Linda S. Steelman 1 , Fred E. Bertrand 2 , Nicole M. Davis 1 , Melissa Sokolosky 1 , Steve L. Abrams 1 , Giuseppe Montalto 3 , Antonino B. D’Assoro 4 , Massimo Libra 5 , Ferdinando Nicoletti 5 , Roberta Maestro 6 , Jorg Basecke 7,8 , Dariusz Rakus 9 , Agnieszka Gizak 9 Zoya Demidenko 10 , Lucio Cocco 11 , Alberto M. Martelli 11 and Melchiorre Cervello 12 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA 2 Department of Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA 3 Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy …
Inhibition of Delta-like 4 mediated signaling induces abortion in mice due to deregulation of decidual angiogenesis.
2013
Objective: To explore whether the Dll4/Notch1 pathway plays a key role in regulating the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) driven decidual angiogenesis and related pregnancy through induction of a tip/stalk phenotype. Methods: Progesterone-replaced ovariectomized pregnant mice received a single injection of YW152F (Dll4 blocking antibody, BAb) or placebo at embryonic day (E) 4.5. Animals were sacrificed at different time points; blood and uterus were collected for further analysis. Number of embryos and implantation site, uteri weight, and serum progesterone levels were assessed. Alterations in the tip/stalk phenotype were determined by quantitative immunofl…
Physiological incongruity of the humero-ulnar joint: a functional principle of optimized stress distribution acting upon articulating surfaces?
1993
Investigations into the distribution of subchondral bone density in the human elbow have suggested that the geometry of the trochlear notch deviates from a perfect fit with the trochlea, and that the load is transmitted ventrally and dorsally rather than through the centre of the humero-ulnar joint. We therefore decided to make a quantitative assessment of the degree of incongruity between the two components in 15 human specimens (age distribution 60 to 93 years) with different types of joint surface. Polyether casts of the joint cavity were prepared under loads of 10, 40, 160 and 640 N. The thickness of the casts was then measured at 50 predetermined points, and an area distribution of the…