Search results for "nuclear energy"
showing 10 items of 614 documents
Self-similarity and response of fractional differential equations under white noise input
2022
Self-similarity, fractal behaviour and long-range dependence are observed in various branches of physical, biological, geological, socioeconomics and mechanical systems. Self-similarity, also termed self-affinity, is a concept that links the properties of a phenomenon at a certain scale with the same properties at different time scales as it happens in fractal geometry. The fractional Brownian motion (fBm), i.e. the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral of the Gaussian white noise, is self-similar; in fact by changing the temporal scale t -> at (a > 0), the statistics in the new time axis (at) remain proportional to those calculated in the previous axis (t). The proportionality coeffi…
Membrane-less amphoteric decoupled water electrolysis using WO 3 and Ni(OH) 2 auxiliary electrodes
2022
This work has been supported by the European Regional Development Fund within the Activity 1.1.1.2 “Post-doctoral Research Aid” of the Specific Aid Objective 1.1.1 “To increase the research and innovative capacity of scientific institutions of Latvia and the ability to attract external financing, investing in human resources and infrastructure” of the Operational Programme “Growth and Employment” (No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/3/19/466). Institute of Solid-State Physics, the University of Latvia as the Centre of Excellence has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement no. 739508, project CAMART. 2
Catalytic processes activated by light
2010
Light-driven catalytic strategies are of great interest for the synthesis of useful products causing minimal environmental impact. Nature provides many examples of systems working in processes activated by light, and understanding them has been and, in the future, will be useful in the design of artificial catalysts.
CO<SUB align="right">2 prices and portfolio management
2011
Since the launch of the European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS), the interest in the trade of EUAs is constantly increasing among academics and market participants. The objective of this paper is twofold: (a) a detailed description of this new market is provided for portfolio managers and (b) a comprehensive study of the implications of including Phase II EUAs in diversified portfolios is undertaken using as expected returns both historical and risk-adjusted returns. The results show that the opportunity set for investors increases when short positions in Phase II EUAs are taken.
Radiation Tolerance Tests of Small-Sized CsI(Tl) Scintillators Coupled to Photodiodes
2009
Radiation tolerance of small-sized CsI (Tl) crystals coupled to silicon photodiodes was studied by using protons. Irradiations up to the fluence of 1012 protons/cm2 were used. Degradation of light output by less than 5% was achieved.
High-Energy Electron-Induced SEUs and Jovian Environment Impact
2017
We present experimental evidence of electron-induced upsets in a reference European Space Agency (ESA) single event upset (SEU) monitor, induced by a 200-MeV electron beam at the Very energetic Electronic facility for Space Planetary Exploration in harsh Radiation environments facility at CERN. Comparison of experimental cross sections and simulated cross sections is shown and the differences are analyzed. Possible secondary contributions to the upset rate by neutrons, flash effects, and cumulative dose effects are discussed, showing that electronuclear reactions are the expected SEU mechanism. The ESA Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer mission, to be launched in 2022, presents a challenging radiat…
Spatial Reconstruction Algorithm of DT Layer in Cryogenic Targets Using Optical Techniques
2007
The measurements of the solid DT layer, in terms of thickness and roughness, in the LMJ geometry (i.e. in a hohlraum) are not trivial. The DT layer measurements will be done using a Matsukov-Cassegrain telescope placed 39 cm away from the target. This telescope will be used to acquire shadowgraphy images on equators, and interferometric measurements on pole areas using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Optical coherence tomography allows determining the DT layer thickness on a few points, in the polar regions of the target. By scanning around the poles, several points can be acquired in order to calculate the roughness and the local shape of the DT layer at the pole. Both techniques were …
Advancements in the Helium-Cooled Pebble Bed Breeding Blanket for the EU DEMO: Holistic Design Approach and Lessons Learned
2019
The helium-cooled pebble bed (HCPB) blanket is one of the two concepts proposed as a driver blanket for the European Union Demonstration Fusion Power Reactor (EU DEMO). In contrast to past conceptual design studies, in the frame of the current Power Plant Physics and Technology of the EUROfusion Consortium, the ongoing EU DEMO preconceptual design activities have adopted a holistic and integrated (i.e., systems engineering) design approach. As a consequence of this new approach, many interfaces and requirements have been identified, some of them driving the design of the blankets. This paper shows the advancements in the HCPB breeding blanket and describes the lessons learned after implemen…
Magnetic field effects on tritium release from neutron-irradiated beryllium pebbles
2007
The effects of temperature, magnetic field (MF), and ionizing radiation on the release of tritium from the Be pebbles irradiated in the BERYLLIUM experiment in 1994 in Petten, The Netherlands (irradiation neutron fluence 1.24×10 25 m -2 , irradiation temperature 780 K, and 3 H content 7 appm) were investigated in this study. Simultaneous action of these factors corresponds to the real operating conditions of the blanket of a fusion reactor. The total amount of tritium in a separate pebble, the chemical forms of localized tritium (T 0 , T 2 , and T + ), and the tritium distribution in the pebble volume were determined by a lyomethod (dissolution). Thermoannealing experiments were performed a…
Neutron tomography for archaeological investigations
2006
Within the last decade neutron tomography and radiography significantly gained importance. Especially its application in non-destructive testing for industrial components can be underlined. A good example is the automotive and aviation industry, where a high contrast for the used lubricants and adhesive materials is required. In contrast to X-rays, neutrons are able to penetrate thick layers of metals and provide on the other hand a high sensitivity to hydrogen containing materials. In recent years, a large number of applications in other fields like biology, medicine, geology and especially archaeology have been reported. Here the potential of neutron tomography for investigations on archa…