Search results for "nuclear protein"
showing 10 items of 337 documents
Evolutionary aspects of peroxisomes as cell organelles, and of genes encoding peroxisomal proteins
2001
Peroxisomes are present in most eukaryotic cell types, and have different enzymatic content and metabolic functions throughout the life scale. The endosymbiotic origin of these DNA-devoid organelles is supported by evolutionary data concerning genes encoding not only most peroxisomal proteins, but also several transcriptional factors regulating their expression such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors.
From clinical description, to in vitro and animal studies, and backward to patients: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Fanconi anemia
2013
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease associated with deficiencies in DNA repair pathways. A body of literature points to a pro-oxidant state in FA patients, along with evidence for oxidative stress (OS) in the FA phenotype reported by in vitro, molecular, and animal studies. A highlight arises from the detection of mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) in FA cell lines of complementation groups A, C, D2, and G. As yet lacking, in vivo studies should focus on FA-associated MDF, which may help in the understanding of the mitochondrial basis of OS detected in cells and body fluids from FA patients. Beyond the in vitro and animal databases, the available analytical devices may prompt the dir…
Young woman with Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome and a novel mutation in the EYA-1 gene
2011
Branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease clinically characterized by the coexistence of some or all of the following major disorders: deafness, cervical branchial fistulae, preauricular pits, and renal abnormalities. Most families with BOR syndrome have mutations on the EYA-1 gene on chromosome 8q. We present the case of a 23-year-old Italian woman without a familial history of BOR syndrome. The patient, who had hearing loss and a history of surgeries for correction of bilateral cervical branchial fistulae and bilateral preauricular pits, presented with renal impairment, hypertension and overt proteinuria. DNA sequencing showed a novel heterozygous mutation 1420-14…
Assessment of proliferative activity in breast cancer: MIB-1 immunohistochemistry versus mitotic figure count.
1999
Abstract The proliferative activity is one of the most important single prognostic parameters in breast cancer diagnosis and the time-honored measure of proliferative activity, the mitotic figure count, is an integral component of most combined prognostic scores. The detection of the cell cycle-specific antigens Ki-67, and the development of anti-Ki-67 antibodies, including the paraffin-reactive antibody MIB-1, have established immunohistochemical detection of cell cycle-specific antigens as a measure of proliferative activity in breast cancer diagnosis. The current study was performed to correlate mitotic figure counts with the proliferative activity as assessed by MIB-1 immunohistochemist…
In Vitro Identification and Characterization of CD133pos Cancer Stem-Like Cells in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Lines
2008
BackgroundRecent publications suggest that neoplastic initiation and growth are dependent on a small subset of cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs). Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma (ATC) is a very aggressive solid tumor with poor prognosis, characterized by high dedifferentiation. The existence of CSCs might account for the heterogeneity of ATC lesions. CD133 has been identified as a stem cell marker for normal and cancerous tissues, although its biological function remains unknown.Methodology/principal findingsATC cell lines ARO, KAT-4, KAT-18 and FRO were analyzed for CD133 expression. Flow cytometry showed CD133(pos) cells only in ARO and KAT-4 (64+/-9% and 57+/-12%, respectively). These …
Relation of elastosis to biochemical and immunohistochemical steroid receptor findings, Ki-67 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) immunostain…
1993
We studied 1073 cases of invasive ductal breast cancer, NOS for their elastic content (DEL, ductal+periductal elastosis; TEL, tumour elastosis) and compared the findings with the results of biochemical and immunohistochemical steroid hormone receptor examination. Tumours of patients up to 50 years of age and older were examined separately. In a number of tumours elastosis was also examined in relation to Ki-67 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) immunostaining. Sensitivity and specificity of DEL and TEL for predicting the receptor, Ki-67 and EGFR findings were estimated. Sensitivity of DEL and TEL for oestrogen and progesterone receptors is dependent on the degree of tumour differen…
Localization of antigens PwA33 and La on lampbrush chromosomes and on nucleoplasmic structures in the oocyte of the urodele Pleurodeles waltl: Light …
1994
Monoclonal antibodies A33/22 and La11G7 have been used to study the distribution of the corre-sponding antigens, PwA33 and La, on the lampbrush chromosome loops and nucleoplasmic structures of P. waltl oocytes, using immunofluorescence, confocal laser scanning microscopy and immunogold labeling. The results obtained with these antibodies have been compared with those obtained with the Sm-antigen-specific monoclonal antibody Y12. All these monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) labeled the matrices of the majority of normal loops along their whole length. Nucleoplasmic RNP granules showed a strong staining with the mAbs La11G7 and Y12 throughout their mass, but with the mAb A33/22, they showed only a …
Noncanonical RNAs from transcripts of the Drosophila muscleblind gene.
2006
It has become increasingly evident that eukaryotic cells produce RNA molecules from coding genes with constitutions other than those of typically spliced mRNA transcripts. Here we describe new cDNAs from the Drosophila melanogaster muscleblind (mbl ) locus that identify two such atypical RNA molecules: RNAs containing an incomplete exon 2 tandem repetition (mblE2E2#) or having exons with a different order compared to the corresponding genomic DNA (mblE2E3#E2#; exon scrambling). The existence of exon duplications and rearrangements in the genomic locus that might explain such cDNAs was ruled out by genomic Southern blotting and in silico analysis of the Drosophila genome sequence. The incomp…
Cell cycle independent role of Cyclin E during neural cell fate specification in Drosophila is mediated by its regulation of Prospero function
2009
AbstractDuring development, neural progenitor cells or neuroblasts generate a great intra- and inter-segmental diversity of neuronal and glial cell types in the nervous system. In thoracic segments of the embryonic central nervous system of Drosophila, the neuroblast NB6-4t undergoes an asymmetric first division to generate a neuronal and a glial sublineage, while abdominal NB6-4a divides once symmetrically to generate only 2 glial cells. We had earlier reported a critical function for the G1 cyclin, CyclinE (CycE) in regulating asymmetric cell division in NB6-4t. Here we show that (i) this function of CycE is independent of its role in cell cycle regulation and (ii) the two functions are m…
The apoptotic effects and synergistic interaction of sodium butyrate and MG132 in human retinoblastoma Y79 cells
1999
This study deals with the apoptotic effect exerted on human retinoblastoma Y79 cells by both sodium butyrate and an inhibitor of 26S proteasome [z-Leu-Leu-Leu-CHO (MG132)] and their synergistic effect. Exposure to sodium butyrate (1-4 mM) induced an accumulation of cells in the G2-M phase that was already visible after 24 h of treatment, when morphological and biochemical signs of apoptosis appeared only in a small number of cells (5-10%). Thereafter, the apoptotic effects increased progressively with slow kinetics, reaching a maximum after 72 h of exposure, when they concerned a large fraction of cells (>75% with 4 mM sodium butyrate). Sodium butyrate stimulated the conversion of procaspas…