Search results for "nucleus"

showing 10 items of 1803 documents

Localization of parvalbumin, calretinin, and calbindin D-28k in identified extraocular motoneurons and internuclear neurons of the cat

1998

Calcium-binding proteins have been shown to be excellent markers of specific neuronal populations. We aimed to characterize the expression of calcium-binding proteins in identified populations of the cat extraocular motor nuclei by means of immunohistochemistry against parvalbumin, calretinin, and calbindin D-28k. Abducens, medial rectus, and trochlear motoneurons were retrogradely labeled with horseradish peroxidase from their corresponding muscles. Oculomotor and abducens internuclear neurons were retrogradely labeled after horseradish peroxidase injection into either the abducens or the oculomotor nucleus, respectively. Parvalbumin staining produced the highest density of immunoreactive …

education.field_of_studyPathologymedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresbiologymusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyGeneral NeurosciencePopulationColocalizationAnatomyCalbindineye diseasesOculomotor nucleusnervous systemAbducens nucleusCalcium-binding proteinmental disordersbiology.proteinmedicineCalretinineducationParvalbuminThe Journal of Comparative Neurology
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Search for magnetically-induced signatures in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory

2020

We search for signals of magnetically-induced effects in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory. We apply two different methods. One is a search for sets of events that show a correlation between their arrival direction and the inverse of their energy, which would be expected if they come from the same point-like source, they have the same electric charge and their deflection is relatively small and coherent. We refer to these sets of events as "multiplets". The second method, called "thrust", is a principal axis analysis aimed to detect the elongated patterns in a region of interest. We study the sensitivity of both methods using a …

electric [charge]AstronomydeflectionThrustmagnetic fieldAstrophysics01 natural sciencesmass spectrumhelium: nucleusbenchmarksurface [detector]Cosmic ray experimentsUltra-high-energy cosmic ray010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)astro-ph.HEAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsCosmic ray experiments; Ultra high energy cosmic raysAugerobservatoryacceleration [cosmic radiation]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenasignaturePrincipal axis theoremActive galactic nucleusCherenkov counter: waterAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaUHE [cosmic radiation]energy spectrumFOS: Physical sciencesnucleus [helium]Cosmic rayElectric chargeCosmic ray experimentGLASTdetector: fluorescence0103 physical sciencesddc:530thrustcosmic radiation: UHEHigh Energy Physicscosmic radiation: accelerationAGNAstrophysiquePierre Auger Observatoryfluorescence [detector]010308 nuclear & particles physicsdetector: surfacecharge: electricwater [Cherenkov counter]Astronomy and AstrophysicsUltra high energy cosmic raysAstronomiesensitivityGalaxycoherencefluxgamma raymultipletcorrelationExperimental High Energy Physicsgalaxy[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]RAIOS CÓSMICOS
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NuSTEC White Paper: Status and challenges of neutrino–nucleus scattering

2018

International audience; The precise measurement of neutrino properties is among the highest priorities in fundamental particle physics, involving many experiments worldwide. Since the experiments rely on the interactions of neutrinos with bound nucleons inside atomic nuclei, the planned advances in the scope and precision of these experiments require a commensurate effort in the understanding and modeling of the hadronic and nuclear physics of these interactions, which is incorporated as a nuclear model in neutrino event generators. This model is essential to every phase of experimental analyses and its theoretical uncertainties play an important role in interpreting every result.In this Wh…

electron nucleus: interactionNuclear TheoryElementary particle7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesCROSS-SECTIONSScatteringHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Nuclear Experimentneutrino: interactionCOHERENT PION-PRODUCTIONPhysicsstrong interactionElectroweak interactionModel; Neutrino; Nuclear; Nucleus; Oscillations; Scattering; Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyMUON-NEUTRINONeutrinoNucleonnumerical calculations: Monte CarloNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsOscillationsFORM-FACTORSProcess (engineering)FOS: Physical sciencesELECTROMAGNETIC RESPONSEnuclear modelNucleusMESON-EXCHANGE CURRENTSNNLO QCD ANALYSISCHARGED-CURRENT INTERACTIONSnuclear physicsdeep inelastic scattering0103 physical sciencesNeutrinoNuclear010306 general physicsneutrino nucleus: scatteringresonance: modelelectroweak interaction010308 nuclear & particles physicsR=SIGMA-L/SIGMA-Tneutrino nucleus: interactionDeep inelastic scatteringPhysics and Astronomy13. Climate actionINELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]Atomic nucleusneutrino: oscillationEvent (particle physics)Model
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Improved calculations of beta decay backgrounds to new physics in liquid xenon detectors

2020

We present high-precision theoretical predictions for the electron energy spectra for the ground-state to ground-state $\beta$ decays of $^{214}$Pb, $^{212}$Pb, and $^{85}$Kr most relevant to the background of liquid xenon dark matter detectors. The effects of nuclear structure on the spectral shapes are taken into account using large-scale shell model calculations. Final spectra also include atomic screening and exchange effects. The impact of nuclear structure effects on the $^{214}$Pb and $^{212}$Pb spectra below $\approx100$ keV, pertinent for several searches for new physics, are found to be comparatively larger than those from the atomic effects alone. We find that the full calculatio…

electronElectron01 natural sciencesSpectral lineHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentspectrumHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Xenon[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]beta-raysground stateNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear Experimentnuclear instrumentationPhysicsinstrumentationxenon: liquidnew physics: search forNuclear structureaxial-vectorsemileptonic decayCoupling (probability)simulation3. Good healthradioactivityGround stateionizing radiationSemileptonic decay[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]energy spectrumFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementspectrum analysis[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Nuclear physics0103 physical sciencesstructure[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsnumerical calculationssignal processingPseudovectorkryptonnucleus: semileptonic decayleaddetector010308 nuclear & particles physicsbackgroundscreeningDecay data measurementshell modelnuclear matter: effectdark matter: detector[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulationcoupling: axial-vectorxenonmetrologychemistry13. Climate actionspectralelectron: energy spectrum
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Electroweak processes in nucleons and nuclei at intermediate energies

2014

263 páginas. Tesis Doctoral del Departamento de Física Teórica de la Universidad de Valencia y del Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC).

electroweak processesneutral currentneutrino-nucleonneutrino-nucleusphoton emissionChiral perturbation theory spin-flavor symmetry effecitve Lagrangian approach photon prodcutionUNESCO::FÍSICA::Física atómica y nuclear ::Reacción nuclear y dispersiónNuclear TheoryUNESCO::FÍSICA::Física Teórica::Hadrones:FÍSICA::Física atómica y nuclear ::Reacción nuclear y dispersión [UNESCO]Nuclear Experiment:FÍSICA::Física Teórica::Hadrones [UNESCO]
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Topography of somatostatin gene expression relative to molecular progenitor domains during ontogeny of the mouse hypothalamus

2010

The hypothalamus comprises alar, basal, and floor plate developmental compartments. Recent molecular data support a rostrocaudal subdivision into rostral (terminal) and caudal (peduncular) halves. In this context, the distribution of neuronal populations expressing somatostatin (Sst) mRNA was analyzed in the developing mouse hypothalamus, comparing with the expression pattern of the genes Orthopedia (Otp), Distal-less 5 (Dlx5), Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), and Nk2 homeobox 1 (Nkx2.1). At embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5), Sst mRNA was first detectable in the anterobasal nucleus, a Nkx2.1-, Shh-, and Otp-positive basal domain. By E13.5, nascent Sst expression was also related to two additional Otp-positiv…

endocrine systemBasal plate (neural tube)forebrain[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]OtpNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Shhlcsh:RC321-571lcsh:QM1-69503 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineArcuate nucleusmedicine[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologySonic hedgehoghypothalamuslcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry[SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development BiologyOriginal Research030304 developmental biologyFloor plate0303 health sciencesAlar platebiologyDlk5forebrain;hypothalamus;Sst;Otp;Dlk5;Nkx2.1;Shh;in situ hybridization;CONTAINING NEURON SYSTEM;SONIC-HEDGEHOG;FOREBRAIN DEVELOPMENT;VENTRAL FOREBRAIN;DEVELOPMENTAL EXPRESSION;BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT;RAT HYPOTHALAMUS;GROWTH-HORMONE;CELL LINEAGES;DIENCEPHALONlcsh:Human anatomyCiencias naturales y ciencias de la saludSstNkx2.1medicine.anatomical_structureHypothalamusForebrainembryonic structuresNeuranatomybiology.protein[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]in situ hybridizationAnatomyNucleusNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Nuclear calcium signaling by inositol trisphosphate in GH3 pituitary cells

2008

It has been proposed that nuclear and cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]N and [Ca2+]C) may be regulated independently. We address here the issue of whether inositol trisphosphate (IP3) can, bypassing changes of [Ca2+]C, produce direct release of Ca2+ into the nucleoplasm. We have used targeted aequorins to selectively measure and compare the changes in [Ca2+]C and [Ca2+]N induced by IP3 in GH3 pituitary cells. Heparin, an IP3 inhibitor that does not permeate the nuclear pores, abolished the [Ca2+]C peaks but inhibited only partly the [Ca2+]N peaks. The permeant inhibitor 2-aminoethoxy-diphenyl-borate (2-APB) blocked both responses. Removal of ATP also inhibited more strongly the [Ca2+]C than [Ca2+]N pe…

endocrine systemCytoplasm[SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT]PhysiologyAequorinNucleoplasmic reticulumaequorinInositol 145-TrisphosphateCell Line03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinenuclear signal transductionmedicineAnimalsInositol 145-Trisphosphate Receptorsinositol trisphosphate receptorsCalcium SignalingReceptorMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyCell Nucleus0303 health sciencesNucleoplasmbiologypituitary cellsInositol trisphosphateCell Biologyherpes simplex virusMolecular biologyRatsCytosolmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryCytoplasmPituitary Glandbiology.proteinnucleoplasmic reticulumNucleus030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Heterogeneous responses of nucleus incertus neurons to corticotrophin-releasing factor and coherent activity with hippocampal theta rhythm in the rat

2013

The nucleus incertus (NI) of the rat hindbrain is a putative node in the ascending control of the septohippocampal system and hippocampal theta rhythm and is stress and arousal responsive. NI contains GABA neurons that express multiple neuropeptides, including relaxin-3 (RLN3) and neuropeptide receptors, including corticotrophin-releasing factor receptor-1 (CRF-R1), but the precise anatomical and physiological characteristics of NI neurons are unclear. Therefore, we examined the firing properties of NI neurons and their responses to CRF, the correlation of these responses with occurrence of relaxin-3, and NI neuron morphology in the rat. Most NI neurons excited by intracerebroventricular CR…

endocrine systemPhysiologyNeuropeptideBiologyHippocampal formationStria terminalismedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemPostsynaptic potentialHypothalamusmedicinebiology.proteinExcitatory postsynaptic potentialNeuNNeuroscienceNucleushormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsThe Journal of Physiology
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Extensive nuclear gyration and pervasive non-genic transcription during primordial germ cell development in zebrafish.

2020

ABSTRACT Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the precursors of germ cells, which migrate to the genital ridge during early development. Relatively little is known about PGCs after their migration. We studied this post-migratory stage using microscopy and sequencing techniques, and found that many PGC-specific genes, including genes known to induce PGC fate in the mouse, are only activated several days after migration. At this same time point, PGC nuclei become extremely gyrated, displaying general broad opening of chromatin and high levels of intergenic transcription. This is accompanied by changes in nuage morphology, expression of large loci (PGC-expressed non-coding RNA loci, PERLs) that ar…

endocrine systemRNA UntranslatedTranscription GeneticZygotePiwi-interacting RNApiRNABiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGyrationTranscription (biology)Primordial germ cellmedicineAnimalsRNA Small InterferingMolecular BiologyZebrafishGeneZebrafish030304 developmental biologyCell NucleusNuage0303 health sciencesGonadal ridgeurogenital systemNuclear morphologyGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesZygotic activationZebrafish Proteinsbiology.organism_classificationChromatinCell biologyUp-Regulationmedicine.anatomical_structureGerm CellsGenetic Loci207FertilizationMutationIntergenic transcriptionDNA Transposable ElementsDNA Intergenic030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGerm cellBiogenesisDevelopmental BiologyResearch ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)
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Unique clockwork in photoreceptor of rat

2010

In mammals, the retina contains a clock system that oscillates independently of the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and allows the retina to anticipate and to adapt to the sustained daily changes in ambient illumination. Using a combination of laser capture micro-dissection and quantitative PCR in the present study, the clockwork of mammalian photoreceptors has been recorded. The transcript amounts of the core clock genes Clock, Bmal1, Period1 (Per1), Per3, Cryptochrome2, and Casein kinase Ie in photoreceptors of rat retina have been found to undergo daily changes. Clock and Bmal1 peak with Per1 and Per3 around dark onset, whereas Casein kinase Ie and Cryptochrome2 peak at night…

endocrine systemSuprachiasmatic nucleusClockworkBiologyBiochemistryCell biologyCLOCKCellular and Molecular NeurosciencePER3Master clocksense organsCasein kinase 1Molecular clockNeurosciencePER1Journal of Neurochemistry
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