Search results for "nutrition"
showing 10 items of 6788 documents
A classification of motivation and behavior change techniques used in self-determination theory-based interventions in health contexts
2020
While evidence suggests that interventions based on self-determination theory have efficacy in motivating adoption and maintenance of health-related behaviors, and in promoting adaptive psychological outcomes, the motivational techniques that comprise the content of these interventions have not been comprehensively identified or described. The aim of the present study was to develop a classification system of the techniques that comprise self-determination theory interventions, with satisfaction of psychological needs as an organizing principle. Candidate techniques were identified through a comprehensive review of self-determination theory interventions and nomination by experts. The study…
Effet d'une éducation sensorielle sur les préférences et les comportements alimentaires d'enfants en classe de cours moyen (CM).
2008
Sensory experience of a meal (or mere exposure) can interact with preferences and food behaviour. On the other hand, current campaigns of nutritional information try to modify food behaviours by making people aware of the dangers of over eating and providing guidelines for healthy eating behaviour. Nevertheless, this approach doesn't take into account the pleasure to eat. The project "EduSens" bases itself on a hedonist and sensory approach in taste education that unites exposure to food and information about food. The aim of the study was to first develop tools to evaluate the effects of this sensory education and then to use them to measure the effects of a sensory education in a school c…
Olfactory neurons activity and olfactory perception are modulated by anorectic peptides, insulin and leptin
2010
International audience; Cf. www.achems.org/files/public/BookmarkedAbstractsFINAL.pdf
Processus sensoriels cognitifs et comportementaux impliqués dans la perception des mélanges odorants alimentaires complexes chez le lapin nouveau-né …
2015
Within each breath, a large diversity of volatiles molecules of the surrounding reaches our olfactory receptors. Despite the chemical complexity of the natural environment, the organisms succeed to represent their world using relevant information carried by single odorants or mixtures. Focusing on the perception of these stimuli, we explored the processes involved in the treatment of this complex information, sometimes supported by mixtures or sub-mixtures. The treatment is based on two processes: the elemental mode, which allows extracting the odor quality of all or some of the elements, or the configural mode which allows the holistic representation of the mixture. In this doctoral thesis…
It takes time to see the menu from the body: an experiment on stable isotope composition in freshwater crayfishes
2015
For many applications and ecological studies in which wild individuals are brought to laboratory it would be essential to know accurately how fast novel diet is reflected in composition of different tissues. To study the effects of two different diets on the stable isotope composition of freshwater crayfish muscle and hemolymph, we conducted a three month experiment on noble crayfish (Astacus astacus) and signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) by feeding them sweet corn (Zea mays) or Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) as novel food. During the experiment, the crayfish were given 0.4 g of selected food daily and the amount consumed was recorded. The samples for the stable isotope a…
Modulation of Human Motor Cortical Excitability and Plasticity by Opuntia Ficus Indica Fruit Consumption: Evidence from a Preliminary Study through N…
2022
Indicaxanthin (IX) from Opuntia Ficus Indica (OFI) has been shown to exert numerous biological effects both in vitro and in vivo, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuro-modulatory activity in rodent models. Our goal was to investigate the eventual neuro-active role of orally assumed fruits containing high levels of IX at nutritionally-relevant amounts in healthy subjects, exploring cortical excitability and plasticity in the human motor cortex (M1). To this purpose, we applied paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) in basal conditions and followed the consumption of yellow cactus pear fruits containing IX or white ca…
Betatrophin Levels Are Related to the Early Histological Findings in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
2021
Betatrophin, a liver hormone, regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. We investigated the betatrophin levels in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and searched for any relationship with histological severity and metabolic parameters. Fifty males with NAFLD [Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) (n = 32)
Differences between current clinical guidelines for screening, diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and real-world practice:…
2021
International audience; INTRODUCTION: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease and is associated with obesity and metabolic comorbidities. Liver steatosis can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) exhibiting a relevant risk of fibrosis and ultimately liver failure. To date, no approved treatment for NASH to reduce its clinical and humanistic burden has been developed. AREAS COVERED: We undertook a literature review to identify English language, national and international clinical guidelines for NAFLD regarding diagnosis, assessment and management, and determined their points of agreement and difference. Additionally, we investigated published liter…
Estudios sobre la inmunogenicidad y los mecanismos fisiopatológicos de la proteína NSP4 de rotavirus.
2005
Rotavirus es el principal agente causante de gastroenteritis viral en niños y animales jóvenes en todo el mundo. Una de las principales proteínas de rotavirus es la glicoproteína no estructural 4 (NSP4) que juega un papel crucial tanto en el ciclo replicativo de rotavirus, actuando como receptor de partículas inmaduras en el retículo endoplasmático, como en la fisiopatología de rotavirus, siendo la primera enterotoxina de origen vírico descrita hasta el momento. El objetivo de la presente tesis fue clonar y producir la glicoproteína NSP4 de diferentes cepas humanas y animales de rotavirus para así poder realizar estudios inmunogénicos tales como la caracterización de epitopos presentes en l…
Nose-space of dark chocolates using PTR-ToF-MS and link to flavour perception through simultaneous Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS)
2018
International audience; Introduction: Aroma of dark chocolate depends on process and cocoa origin and variety. A sensory analysis of 206 standardized chocolates produced from various cocoa beans classified them in four sensory categories. These categories were confirmed in a PTR-MS analysis of the chocolates volatilome [1]. The objective here was to study the nosespace of a subset of chocolates simultaneously with their temporal profile to better explain the sensory categorization at a perception level. Methods: A Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) evaluation of 8 chocolates (2 selected per category) was done in triplicate by 12 subjects while the aroma released in their nose were simul…