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showing 10 items of 6469 documents

Structural Tuning and Conformational Stability of Aromatic Oligoamide Foldamers

2017

A series of aromatic oligoamide foldamers with two or three pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide units as their main folding motifs and varying aromatic building blocks as linkers have been synthetized to study the effects of the structural variation on the folding properties and conformational stability. Crystallographic studies showed that in the solid state the central linker unit either elongates the helices and more open S-shaped conformations, compresses the helices to more compact conformations or acts as a rigid spacer separating the pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide units, which for their part add the predictability of the conformational properties. Multidimensional NMR studies showed that, even in…

010405 organic chemistryChemistryHydrogen bondOrganic ChemistrySolid-stateGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesstructuresCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesFolding (chemistry)Crystallographyaromatic oligoamide foldamersConformational stabilityLinkerta116Chemistry: A European Journal
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Harnessing Fluorescence versus Phosphorescence Ratio via Ancillary Ligand Fine-Tuned MLCT Contribution

2016

A series of gold(I) alkynyl-diphosphine complexes (XC6H4C2Au)PPh2—spacer—PPh2(AuC2C6H4X); spacer = —C2(C6H4)nC2— (A1, n = 2, X = CF3; A2, n = 2, X = OMe; A3, n = 3, X = CF3; A4, n = 3, X = OMe), —(C6H4)n— (B5, n = 3, X = OMe; B6, n = 4, X = OMe) were prepared, and their photophysical properties were investigated. The luminescence behavior of the titled compounds is dominated by the diphosphine spacer, which serves as an emitting ππ* chromophore. The complexes exhibit dual emission, comprising low and high energy bands of triplet (phosphorescence) and singlet (fluorescence) origins, respectively. The electron-donating characteristics of ancillary groups X significantly affect the LLCT/MLCT c…

010405 organic chemistryChemistryLigandChromophore010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesFluorescence0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsphosphorescenceCrystallographyGeneral EnergyIntersystem crossinggold complexesExcited stateOrganic chemistryfluorescenceSinglet statePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryLuminescencePhosphorescenceta116Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Supramolecular assemblies and photophysical properties of ionic homo- and heteronuclear metallophilic complexes

2019

Abstract The synthesis of two dinuclear ionic complexes with chemical formula [Au(PR 3 ) 2 ][Au(C ≡ CC 5 H 4 N-4) 2 ] that contain the water soluble phosphines, PR 3 , PTA (1, 3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane, 1 ) and DAPTA (3,7-diacetyl-1,3,7-triaza-5-phosphabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, 2 ) is herein described. The differences on their intermolecular reorganization have been analyzed and compared with the previously reported for the neutral complexes [Au(PR 3 )(C ≡ CC 5 H 4 N-4)]. It has been evidenced that the reorganization of the ligands giving rise to the dinuclear ionic complexes produces a complete change in the properties giving rise to Au⋯Au intermolecular assemblies. These aurophilic conta…

010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryIntermolecular forceSupramolecular chemistryIonic bondingOr010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical sciencesInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryHeteronuclear moleculeHexafluorophosphateCompostos d'orMaterials ChemistryGoldPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryNonaneLuminescenceTrifluoromethanesulfonateGold compounds
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Influence of pre-existing salt diapirs on 3D folding patterns

2014

Abstract The 3D detachment folding instability gives rise to a wide variety of fold shapes (e.g. from dome shape structures to long en-echelon or straight anticlines) as a result of interactions between growing fold segments. The 3D growth of these folds, as well as the wavelength and lateral propagation of folds, is controlled by the physical parameters of a detachment layer and its overburden. However, the existence of initial heterogeneities, such as pre-existing salt plugs within the sedimentary cover, might affect fold development as well. We use numerical modeling to investigate how the fold pattern is affected by pre-existing salt structures. High-resolution 3D folding simulations (w…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAnticlineMineralogyGeometryFold (geology)Diapir010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesInstabilityOverburdenWavelengthGeophysicsSedimentary rockSynclineGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface ProcessesTectonophysics
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A review of environmental impacts of winter road maintenance

2019

Abstract The need for winter road maintenance (WRM) is changing in cold regions due to climate change. How the different modes of WRM will contribute to future overall emissions from infrastructure is therefore of great interest to road owners with a view to a more sustainable, low-carbon future. In the quest for near-zero-emissions transport, all aspects of the transport sector need to be accounted for in the search for possible mitigation of emissions. This study used 35 peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2018 to map available information on the environmental impacts and effect of WRM and reveal any research gaps. The articles were categorized according to their research th…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesCold climate0211 other engineering and technologiesClimate change02 engineering and technologyHighway maintenanceGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology01 natural sciencesRoad transportFuel efficiencyGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental scienceEnvironmental impact assessmentWinter maintenanceEnvironmental planningLife-cycle assessment021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesCold Regions Science and Technology
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Blast waves from violent explosive activity at Yasur Volcano, Vanuatu

2013

[1] Infrasonic and seismic waveforms were collected during violent strombolian activity at Yasur Volcano (Vanuatu). Averaging ~3000 seismic events showed stable waveforms, evidencing a low-frequency (0.1–0.3 Hz) signal preceding ~5–6 s the explosion. Infrasonic waveforms were mostly asymmetric with a sharp compressive (5–106 Pa) onset, followed by a small long-lasting rarefaction phase. Regardless of the pressure amplitude, the ratio between the positive and negative phases was constant. These waveform characteristics closely resembled blast waves. Infrared imagery showed an apparent cold spherical front ~20 m thick, which moved between 342 and 405 m/s before the explosive hot gas/fragments…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesExplosive materialFront (oceanography)RarefactionGeophysics010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesStrombolian eruptionsymbols.namesakeGeophysicsCold frontMach number13. Climate actionsymbolsGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesSupersonic speedGeologyBlast waveSeismology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeophysical Research Letters
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Testing a theoretical resistance law for overland flow on a stony hillslope

2020

Overland flow, sediments, and nutrients transported in runoff are important processes involved in soil erosion and water pollution. Modelling transport of sediments and chemicals requires accurate estimates of hydraulic resistance, which is one of the key variables characterizing runoff water depth and velocity. In this paper, a new theoretical power–velocity profile, originally deduced neglecting the impact effect of rainfall, was initially modified for taking into account the effect of rainfall intensity. Then a theoretical flow resistance law was obtained by integration of the new flow velocity distribution. This flow resistance law was tested using field measurements by Nearing for the …

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesFlow (psychology)rainfall0207 environmental engineering02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeWetted perimeteroverland flowdimensional analysiFroude numberSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali020701 environmental engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and Technologyself-similarityReynolds numberLaminar flowstony hillslopeFlow velocityLawsymbolsvelocity profileEnvironmental scienceSurface runoffflow resistanceIntensity (heat transfer)
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The Synergistic Impacts of Anthropogenic Stressors and COVID-19 on Aquaculture: A Current Global Perspective

2021

13 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables.-- This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesNatural resource economicsSocio-ecological systemsvulnerabilityVulnerabilitySARS (Disease)01 natural sciencesFood security -- Case studiesStakeholder perceptionsCOVID-19 (Disease)Aquaculturefood insecurityStakeholderPerceptionsClimate changeZoologíastakeholders perceptions2. Zero hunger04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesSARS-COV2-pandemicmultiple stressorsFood insecurityclimate change2019-20 coronavirus outbreakCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)VulnerabilityClimate changesocio-ecological systemManagement Monitoring Policy and LawAquatic Science14. Life underwaterSARS-CoV-2 pandemic ; supply chain ; food insecurity ; climate change ; multiple stressors ; vulnerability ; stakeholder perceptions ; socioecological systemsMultiple stressorssupply chainEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesFood insecuritybusiness.industryPerspective (graphical)Stressorclimate change food insecurity multiple stressors SARS-CoV-2 pandemic socio-ecological systems stakeholder perceptions supply chain vulnerabilitySocioecological systemsVulnerability model of recoveryClimatic changesSupply chain13. Climate action040102 fisheriesBusiness logistics -- Case studies0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesEnvironmental scienceSARS-CoV-2 pandemicbusiness
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Active tectonics along the south east offshore margin of Mt. Etna: New insights from high-resolution seismic profiles

2018

The offshore margin of Mt. Etna has been shaped by Middle Pleistocene to Holocene shortening and extension and, more recently, by gravity-related sliding of the volcanic edifice. These processes have acted contemporaneously although the gravitational component largely prevails over the tectonic one. In order to investigate this issue, we focused on the main role of active tectonics along the south-eastern offshore of Mt. Etna by means of marine high-resolution seismic data. Seismic profiles revealed post-220 ka sedimentary deposits unconformably overlaying the Lower-Middle Pleistocene Etnean clayey substratum and volcanics of the Basal Tholeiitic phase and the Timpe phase. Offshore Aci Trez…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesPleistoceneSettore GEO/02 - Geologia Stratigrafica E SedimentologicaSettore GEO/03 - Geologia Strutturaleactive tectonics010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesSicilian thrust-beltPaleontologyActive tectonicActive tectonics; Ionian Sea; Mt. Etna; Seismic investigation; Sicilian thrust-belt; Earth and Planetary Sciences (all)Seismic investigationHolocene0105 earth and related environmental sciencesgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryContinental shelfMt. Etnalcsh:QE1-996.5Fold (geology)Ionian SeaMt. Etna; seismic investigation; active tectonics; Sicilian thrust-belt; Ionian SeaSeafloor spreadingVolcanic rocklcsh:GeologyTectonicsGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesSedimentary rockEarth and Planetary Sciences (all)Geology
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Modified climate with long term memory in tree ring proxies

2015

ABSTRACT : A contribution to the PAGES Asia2k Working Group. ABSTRACT: Long term memory (LTM) scaling behavior in worldwide tree ring proxies and subsequent climate reconstructions is analyzed for and compared with the memory structure inherent to instrumental temperature and precipitation data. Detrended fluctuation analysis is employed to detect LTM and its scaling exponent a is used to evaluate LTM. The results show that temperature and precipitation reconstructions based on ring width measurements (mean \alpha =0.8) contain more memory than records based on maximum latewood density (mean \alpha =0.7). Both exceed the memory inherent to regional instrumental data (\alpha =0.6 for tempera…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentLong-term memoryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthExtreme events01 natural sciencesProxy (climate)13. Climate actionClimatology0103 physical sciencesDendrochronologyDetrended fluctuation analysisEnvironmental scienceStatistical analysisCold period010306 general physicsScaling0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental ScienceEnvironmental Research Letters
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