Search results for "olive."

Production of Functional Crackers Enriched with Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaf Extract

2016

In recent years, considerable interest has been shown in the functional properties of foods, and a relevant role has been played by phenolic compounds, able to scavenge free radicals. A more sustainable agriculture has to emerge to guarantee food supply over the next years. Wheat, corn, and rice are the most common cereals cultivated, but also other cereal species, such as barley can be appreciated for their peculiarities. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a C3 winter cereal that shows high resistance at drought and salt stresses. There are growing interests in barley as ingredient for the production of functional foods due to its high content of phenolic compounds and Beta-glucans. In this re…

Attitudini tecnologiche di batteri lattici starter per la fermentazione di olive verdi da mensa

2009

The main characteristics for lactic acid bacteria to be used as starter cultures for table olive production include the capacity to grow in presence of high concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) and phenols and at low temperatures. These bacteria have to show a homolactic fermentation for carbohydrates and the ability for a rapid acidification of brines. Other important traits for strain selection are represented by the expression of β-glucosidase enzymes, antimicrobial substances and flavoring metabolites. Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus pentosus are frequently employed as starter for table olives. Recently, lactobacilli/enterococci mixed starter cultures have been used for th…

Insecticidal Activity of Strains of Bacillus thuringiensis on Larvae and Adults of Bactrocera oleae Gmelin (Dipt. Tephritidae)

1999

The olive fly, Bactrocera oleae, is the key pest on olives in the Mediterranean area. The pest can destroy, in some cases, up to 70% of the olive production. Its control relies mainly on chemical treatments, sometimes applied by aircraft over vast areas, with their subsequent ecological and toxicological side effects. Bacillus thuringiensis is a spore-forming soil bacterium which produces a protein crystal toxic to some insects, including the orders of Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Coleoptera and other invertebrates. The aim of this study was to search for isolates toxic to B. oleae. Several hundred B. thuringiensis isolates were obtained from olive groves and olive presses in different areas o…

First report of Phytophthora palmivora as a pathogen of olive in Italy

2000

Olive (Olea europea L.) is an economically important crop in Italy and is planted on about 1 million ha. The Apulia, Calabria, and Sicily regions of Southern Italy account for about 70% of the production. Many new plantations have been established during the last 10 years. In summer 1999, 1- to 2-year-old olive trees (cv. Carolea) with decline symptoms were observed in new plantations in Catanzaro Province (Calabria). The symptoms associated with the root rot were leaf chlorosis, defoliation, wilting, twig dieback, and eventual plant collapse. In some cases, more than 40% of the trees were affected. A Phytophthora sp. was isolated consistently from rotted rootlets of diseased trees using a…

Control of Bactrocera oleae and Ceratitis capitata in Organic Orchards: Use of Clays and Copper Products.

2010

Tests on the effect of clays (kaolin and bentonite) and copper products (hydroxide and oxychloride) in the control of olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi), and Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), were carried out from 2003 to 2006 in olive groves and in organic citrus orchards (satsuma, clementine, ‘Navelina’ orange). Results demonstrate an efficacy of kaolin products in reducing attacks of B. oleae on olives and those of C. capitata on citrus fruits; in olive groves the clays gave similar or better results than copper hydroxide. Bentonite AG/8W showed a significant reduction in punctures by C. capitata. Bentonite products and BPLK kaolin are washed off by rainfall…

Relation of fruit color, elongation, hardness, and volume to the infestation of olive cultivars by the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae

2012

The susceptibility of olive cultivars to the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae), has seldom been studied. This article examines factors associated with olive fruit fly infestation of 16 commonly planted Sicilian olive cultivars. Total infestation data were simultaneously correlated with categorical and quantitative factors using ordinal logistic regression. When all factors were included in the analysis, year, sampling date, cultivar, and fruit color were highly significant, but the quantitative factors fruit volume, fruit elongation, and fruit hardness were not. When the analysis was repeated excluding cultivar, all quantitative factors were significant, and e…

Changes in Sicilian virgin olive oil during storage with particularly highlighteg biophenol components

2007

Effects of foal presence at milking and dietary extra virgin olive oil on jennet milk fatty acids profile

2009

TwelveRagusanajennetswerestudiedtoinvestigatetheeffectsof dietaryextra Twelve Ragusana jennets were studiedtoinvestigatetheeffectsof dietaryextra studied to investigatetheeffectsof dietaryextra the effects of dietaryextra dietary extra virgin olive oil and thepresenceofthefoal duringmilkingonmilkfattyacids(FA)profile.At20, 50 thepresenceofthefoal duringmilkingonmilkfattyacids(FA)profile.At20, 50 he presence of the foal during milking on milk fatty acids (FA) profile. At 20, 50 and 90 days post-foaling, each jennet was milked 4 times per day. The feeding system and the milking procedures are given by Alabiso et al. (2009). FA profiles of the composites from milkings without foals (1MNF+3MNF)…

Soil water repellency assessment in olive groves in Southern and Eastern Spain

2016

Soil water repellency (SWR) has been reported under different soils, land uses and regions of the world, particularly in forest land and after wildfires, yet the understanding of this variable in agricultural lands is still rather limited. This study presents the characterization from field-based measurements of SWR in four contrasted olive groves (Olea europaea L.) in Spain in terms of different environmental conditions and management: abandoned and commercial farms under permanent cover crop, conventional tillage and herbicide use. The main objectives were [1] to evaluate the potential occurrence, intensity and persistence of soil water repellency in different types of olive groves and [2…

Flavonoid metabolism and gene expression in developing olive (Olea europaea L.) fruit.

2012

The expression pattern of six genes (phenylalanine-ammonia-lyase, PAL, chalcone synthase, CHS, flavanone 3-hydroxylase, F3H, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, DFR, anthocyanidin synthase, ANS, UDP-gluco...