Search results for "outcome assessment"
showing 10 items of 217 documents
Impact of Safety-Related Dose Reductions or Discontinuations on Sustained Virologic Response in HCV-Infected Patients: Results from the GUARD-C Cohor…
2015
Background: Despite the introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, peginterferon alfa/ribavirin remains relevant in many resource-constrained settings. The non-randomized GUARD-C cohort investigated baseline predictors of safety-related dose reductions or discontinuations (sr-RD) and their impact on sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients receiving peginterferon alfa/ribavirin in routine practice. Methods: A total of 3181 HCV-mono-infected treatment-naive patients were assigned to 24 or 48 weeks of peginterferon alfa/ribavirin by their physician. Patients were categorized by time-to-first sr-RD (Week 4/12). Detailed analyses of the i…
Moving Towards Common Data Elements and Core Outcome Measures in Frailty Research.
2020
With aging populations around the world, frailty is becoming more prevalent increasing the need for health systems and social systems to deliver optimal evidence based care. However, in spite of the growing number of frailty publications, high-quality evidence for decision making is often lacking. Inadequate descriptions of the populations enrolled including frailty severity and frailty conceptualization, lack of use of validated frailty assessment tools, utilization of different frailty instruments between studies, and variation in reported outcomes impairs the ability to interpret, generalize and implement the research findings. The utilization of common data elements (CDEs) and core outc…
The collaborative outcomes study on health and functioning during infection times in adults (COH-FIT-Adults): Design and methods of an international …
2022
BACKGROUND: . High-quality comprehensive data on short-/long-term physical/mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are needed. METHODS: . The Collaborative Outcomes study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT) is an international, multi-language (n=30) project involving >230 investigators from 49 countries/territories/regions, endorsed by national/international professional associations. COH-FIT is a multi-wave, on-line anonymous, cross-sectional survey [wave 1: 04/2020 until the end of the pandemic, 12 months waves 2/3 starting 6/24 months threreafter] for adults, adolescents (14-17), and children (6-13), utilizing non-probability/snowball and representative samp…
Effects of comprehensive geriatric intervention on physical performance among people aged 75 years and over.
2012
Background and aims: We studied the effects of comprehensive geriatric assessment and multifactorial intervention on physical performance among older people. Methods: In a 3-year geriatric development project with an experimental design, 668 participants aged 75–98 were assigned to intervention (n=348) or control (n=320) groups. The intervention group received comprehensive geriatric assessment with an individually targeted intervention for 2 years. The outcome measures—performance in the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG), 10-meter walking and Berg Balance Scale tests 2 were gathered annually during the intervention and the 1-year follow-up after it. Results: With linear mixed models, over the 2-year i…
Evidence on the effectiveness of occupational health interventions.
2006
Background At present there exists no overview of the range of evidence currently available regarding the effectiveness of occupational health interventions (OHI). Methods Articles published in 2000 and 2001 in 16 general and specialized biomedical journals were searched for evaluations of OHI studies. Results Out of 8,687 articles searched there were 148 OHI studies. In 21% of the studies the study design was a randomized controlled trial, in 28% it was a controlled trial, an interrupted time-series in 7% and a different design in 44%. The occupational health outcomewasexposurein27%ofthestudies,workerbehaviorin12%,diseasesymptomsin 30%, disability or sickness absence in 24%, injuries in 4%…
The Urban Built Environment, Walking and Mental Health Outcomes Among Older Adults: A Pilot Study
2020
The benefits of walking in older age include improved cognitive health (e.g., mental alertness, improved memory functioning) and a reduced risk of stress, depression and dementia. However, research capturing the benefits of walking among older people in real-time as they navigate their world is currently very limited. This study explores cognitive health and well-being outcomes in older people as they walk in their local neighborhood environment. Residents from an independent living facility for older people (mean age 65, n = 11) walked from their home in two dichotomous settings, selected on the basis of significantly different infrastructure, varying levels of noise, traffic and percentag…
Entwicklung eines ICF-basierten Leitfadens für die Beurteilung funktioneller Aspekte bei Kopf-Hals-Tumoren
2013
Funktionelle Beeintrachtigungen bei Kopf-Hals-Tumoren werden bisher im klinischen Alltag selten standardisiert erhoben. Klinische Studien mit der Zielgrose Funktionserhalt bei KHT verwenden viele verschiedene Instrumente. Die Ergebnisse sind deshalb oft schlecht vergleichbar und lassen zu wenig klinische Schlussfolgerungen zu. Es war daher notwendig und Ziel dieser Studie, die nach bisheriger Evidenz und interdisziplinarem Expertenkonsens am besten geeigneten Instrumente zur Beurteilung von Funktionsfahigkeit bei KHT zu identifizieren und Empfehlungen fur deren Verwendung in einem Leitfaden zusammenzustellen. In Vorstudien wurde unter Verwendung festgelegter Kriterien eine Vorauswahl an Ins…
Hearing impairment and diverse health outcomes: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies
2021
Background: Globally, it is estimated that approximately 1.3 billion people live with some form of hearing impairment. Major causes of hearing loss include infection/disease, age-related factors, and occupational factors. Numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have attempted to synthesise literature on these topics. To date there has not been a systematic evaluation of the relationships between hearing impairment and diverse physical, mental, and social outcomes. Objective: We performed an umbrella review of systematic reviews of observational studies with meta-analyses for any physical disease, biomarkers of disease, mental health or cognitive outcomes, and/or modifiable risk factor…
Clinical Severity in Different Waves of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Sicily: A Model of Smith’s “Law of Declining Virulence” from Real-World Data
2022
Background: The COVID-19 epidemic had a rapid spread worldwide with a continuous and fast mutation of the virus, resulting in the emergence of several variants of concern (VOC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the severity of each VOC among SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects by investigating deaths, ICU admissions, intubations, and severe critical symptoms. Methods: An ecological observational study was performed to evaluate mortality rates and clinical characteristics of 321,490 unvaccinated Sicilian SARS-CoV-2 cases observed from 2 March 2020 to 27 March 2022. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by multivariate logistic regression analysis evaluating factors…
Towards Implementation of OMOP in a German University Hospital Consortium
2018
Background In 2015, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research initiated a large data integration and data sharing research initiative to improve the reuse of data from patient care and translational research. The Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) common data model and the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) tools could be used as a core element in this initiative for harmonizing the terminologies used as well as facilitating the federation of research analyses across institutions. Objective To realize an OMOP/OHDSI-based pilot implementation within a consortium of eight German university hospitals, evaluate the applicability to support dat…