Search results for "overlap"
showing 10 items of 91 documents
Integrating retirement and permanent disability in NDC pension schemes
2015
ABSTRACTIn this article, we develop a theoretical basis for integrating retirement and permanent disability using a generic nonfinancial defined contribution framework. The methodology we use relies on a multistate overlapping generations model that includes the so-called survivor dividend. Currently, this feature can only be found in the Swedish defined contribution (DC) scheme. The results achieved in the numerical example we present endorse the fact that the model works well. Special attention is given to the assumptions made about mortality rates for disabled people and disability incidence rates, which largely determine the contribution rate assigned to disability. The model could be o…
Semi-decentralized strategies in structural vibration control
2011
Published version of an article published in the journal: Modeling, Identification and Control. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.4173/mic.2011.2.2 In this work, the main ideas involved in the design of overlapping and multi-overlapping controllers via the Inclusion Principle are discussed and illustrated in the context of the Structural Vibration Control of tall buildings under seismic excitation. A detailed theoretical background on the Inclusion Principle and the design of overlapping controllers is provided. Overlapping and multi-overlapping LQR controllers are designed for a simplied five-story building model. Numerical simulations are conducted to asses the pe…
Integrating Retirement and Long-Term Care (LTC) Annuities Using a Notional Defined Contribution (NDC) Framework
2014
This paper examines the possibility of embedding public long-term care (LTC) insurance within the retirement pension system, i.e. introducing life care annuities (LCAs) into a notional defined contribution (NDC) framework. To do this we develop a multistate overlapping generations model (MOLG) that includes the so-called survivor dividend and give special attention to the assumptions made about mortality rates for dependent persons and LTC incidence rates, which largely determine the contribution rate assigned to LTC. The proposed model could be of interest to policymakers because it could be implemented without too much difficulty, it would universalize LTC coverage with a "fixed" cost, an…
Pharmacological Management of Elderly Patients with Asthma–Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome: Room for Speculation?
2016
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two distinct diseases that share a condition of chronic inflammation of the airways and bronchial obstruction. In clinical settings, it is not rare to come across patients who present with clinical and functional features of both diseases, posing a diagnostic dilemma. The overlap condition has been termed asthma–COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS), and mainly occurs in individuals with long-standing asthma, especially if they are also current or former smokers. Patients with ACOS have poorer health-related quality of life and a higher exacerbation rate than subjects with asthma or COPD alone. Whether ACOS is a distinct nosological entity …
Notes on Using the Hidden Asset or the Contribution Asset to Compile the Actuarial Balance for Pay-as-You-Go Pension Systems
2010
The aim of this paper is twofold: to determine the connection between the “contribution asset” and the “hidden asset” and to discover whether using either of them to compile the actuarial balance in Swedish-type pay-as-you-go pension systems will provide a reliable solvency indicator. We develop an overlapping generations model and apply it to the defined benefit pay-as-you-go system, although it would be just as valid for NDC systems. On the theoretical side the main conclusion is that, despite their very different natures, in a simplified scenario the contribution asset and the hidden asset could coincide if r - the real rate of interest - is equal to the growth in the wage bill. On the a…
Isometric Words Based on Swap and Mismatch Distance
2023
An edit distance is a metric between words that quantifies how two words differ by counting the number of edit operations needed to transform one word into the other one. A word f is said isometric with respect to an edit distance if, for any pair of f-free words u and v, there exists a transformation of minimal length from u to v via the related edit operations such that all the intermediate words are also f-free. The adjective 'isometric' comes from the fact that, if the Hamming distance is considered (i.e., only mismatches), then isometric words are connected with definitions of isometric subgraphs of hypercubes. We consider the case of edit distance with swap and mismatch. We compare it…
The overlap algebra of regular opens
2010
Abstract Overlap algebras are complete lattices enriched with an extra primitive relation, called “overlap”. The new notion of overlap relation satisfies a set of axioms intended to capture, in a positive way, the properties which hold for two elements with non-zero infimum. For each set, its powerset is an example of overlap algebra where two subsets overlap each other when their intersection is inhabited. Moreover, atomic overlap algebras are naturally isomorphic to the powerset of the set of their atoms. Overlap algebras can be seen as particular open (or overt) locales and, from a classical point of view, they essentially coincide with complete Boolean algebras. Contrary to the latter, …
Prematurity and overlap between reading and arithmetic: The cognitive mechanisms behind the association
2019
It is well-known that very preterm children perform at lower levels than full-term children in reading and arithmetic at school. Whether the lower performance levels of preterm children in these two separate domains have the same or different origins, however, is not clear. The present study examined the extent to which prematurity is associated with the overlap (i.e., common variance) of reading and arithmetic among Finnish school beginners. We also examined the extent to which the association of prematurity with the overlap between reading and arithmetic is due to different prereading skills, basic number skills, and general cognitive abilities. The participants (age 6-7) consisted of 193…
Evidence for an overlap syndrome of autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis.
1996
Abstract Background/Aims: Autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis are chronic liver diseases with probable autoimmune background. Overlapping features have been described for primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis. In contrast, there have been only a few case reports on an overlap of autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Methods: We describe three male patients with clinical and histological overlapping features of primary sclerosing cholangitis and autoimmune hepatitis. Results: All initially asymptomatic patients had elevated levels of aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase and IgG. Anti-n…
Food resource partitioning between two sympatric temperate wrasses
2017
The present study analysed two sympatric wrasses, Thalassoma pavo and Coris julis, with similar sizes and morphologies, that are widespread in the reef habitats of the Mediterranean and the eastern Atlantic coast. Ocean warming has induced the northward movement of T. pavo, whereas C. julis has been moving to deeper habitats. In addition, under conditions of high slope of the sea bottom, T. pavo occupies shallow habitats and C. julis is in greater abundance in deeper habitats. By investigating stomach contents and prey availability in the benthos, we assessed whether the two wrasses exploit food resources by choosing different prey within the same habitat both under co-existence and segreg…