Search results for "parasitology"

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O103 from rabbit elicits actin stress fibers and focal adhesions in HeLa epithelial cells, cytopathic effects that …

1997

Escherichia coli O103, a major agent of weaned-rabbit diarrhea in Western Europe, was previously shown to produce diarrhea and attaching-and-effacing intestinal lesions in experimentally infected rabbits and to possess a homolog of the eaeA gene of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). In the present study, we have shown that although negative in the fluorescent-actin staining test on HeLa cells, prototype rabbit E. coli O103 strain B10 was able to induce an original cytopathic effect (CPE) in the same interaction model. This CPE was characterized by a generalized reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and the formation of focal adhesions on the entire surface of the target cells. These effect…

Two new species of the genus Ochroconis, O. lascauxensis and O. anomala isolated from black stains in Lascaux Cave, France

2012

In the year 2001, some conspicuous black stains appeared on the walls of Lascaux Cave in France, which progressively disseminated throughout the cave. These black stains were so evident by 2007 that they have become one of the cave's major problems. In a mycological study of the black stains, Ochroconis strains were abundant among the isolates and constituted the major group of melanised fungi. Two new species of the genus Ochroconis, O. lascauxensis and O. anomala, were isolated and described. The description is based on the morphology of the fungi and the phylogenetic relationships of two of its gene regions internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and RNA polymerase II subunit B (RPB2). In addi…

Diagnostic des virus des gastroentérites aiguës de l'adulte dans les pays en voie de développement:intérêt et stratégie.

2009

Guidance on allergenicity assessment of genetically modified plants

2017

Abstract This document provides supplementary guidance on specific topics for the allergenicity risk assessment of genetically modified plants. In particular, it supplements general recommendations outlined in previous EFSA GMO Panel guidelines and Implementing Regulation (EU) No 503/2013. The topics addressed are non‐IgE‐mediated adverse immune reactions to foods, in vitro protein digestibility tests and endogenous allergenicity. New scientific and regulatory developments regarding these three topics are described in this document. Considerations on the practical implementation of those developments in the risk assessment of genetically modified plants are discussed and recommended, where …

Multidimensionality and intra-individual variation in host manipulation by an acanthocephalan

2008

Parasitology, 135 (5)

Long-lasting effect of stress on susceptibility of a freshwater clam to copepod parasitism.

2005

The question whether a stress event can have a long-lasting effect on susceptibility to parasites was studied using a freshwater bivalve clam and its crustacean parasite as a model system. Anodonta piscinalis clams were collected from 2 populations during August–September 2002. Clams were transported to the laboratory and marked. The stressed clams were subjected to low oxygen for 25 days, while the unstressed control clams were caged in their lakes of origin for the same period. Then the clams were transported to a third lake where they were exposed to natural infections by the ergasilid copepod, Paraergasilus rylovi , 11 months after the stress event. The stressed clams were more intensiv…

Influence of trematode parasitism on the growth of a bivalve host in the field.

1998

Abstract Trematode-induced gigantism of molluscs, enhanced growth of trematode-parasitised individuals, has been observed in many laboratory studies. This study reports the effect of the sterilising trematode, Rhipidicotyle fennica , on the growth of the freshwater clam Anodonta piscinalis under field conditions. In addition to single infections (prevalence 44%), a few clams (3%) were infected with both R. fennica and Rhipidocotyle campanula . Parasite-induced gigantism was not found; parasites lowered host growth. The decrease in growth was correlated with the quantity of parasite material. Clams with double infections grew the least, although they did not differ significantly from hosts w…

Passive sinking into the snow as possible survival strategy during the off-host stage in an insect ectoparasite

2015

Abiotic and biotic factors determine success or failure of individual organisms, populations and species. The early life stages are often the most vulnerable to heavy mortality due to environmental conditions. The deer ked (Lipoptena cervi Linnaeus, 1758) is an invasive insect ectoparasite of cervids that spends an important period of the life cycle outside host as immobile pupa. During winter, dark-coloured pupae drop off the host onto the snow, where they are exposed to environmental temperature variation and predation as long as the new snowfall provides shelter against these mortality factors. The other possible option is to passively sink into the snow, which is aided by morphology of …

EMbaRC designing training and e-learning materials for biological resource centres

2012

International audience; The European Consortium of Microbial Resource Centres (EMbaRC, www.embarc.eu) is a research infrastructure project gathering together the major microbial Biological Resource Centres (BRCs) in Europe. These cultures collections have a long and respected tradition in training people that are involved in microbial taxonomy, preservation and management. Advanced and bespoke courses on related topics add high value to the European educational community and create a knowledge-based training network. Under the framework of EMbaRC, the training programmes offered by the consortium were surveyed and schemes were proposed to establish an educational community to create a knowl…

Les souches d’Escherichia coli résistantes aux antibiotiques

2017

Parmi les bactéries multi-résistantes, les entérobactéries productrices de β-lactamase à spectre élargi (BLSE) occupent une place croissante. Parmi celles-ci, c’est Escherichia coli (entérobactérie commensale du tube digestif de l’homme et de l’animal) qui est l’espèce la plus concernée par cette production enzymatique. Cependant, il existe peu de données sur l’existence de réservoirs environnementaux pour ces souches, leur capacité à survivre dans l’environnement et en particulier dans les eaux douces et dans les sols. Le projet "CIREC" visait donc à étudier la prévalence et la caractérisation des souches d’E.coli productrices de BLSE de type CTX-M dans les eaux usées et les boues issues d…