Search results for "parties"
showing 10 items of 100 documents
Regulating Internet Trade in CITES Species
2013
International trade in species that are or may be endangered by collection from the wild is regulated under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild fauna and flora (CITES) for 176 member States (Parties). Internet commerce is a relatively new route for such trade. In 2007, the CITES Secretariat asked Parties to collect information on internet wildlife trade and report problems and implemented regulations. The reports indicated it was difficult to even approximate the influence of e-commerce on CITES-listed species (CITES Secretariat 2009). We report a case study in which we quantified international transactions over an internet auction site of CITES-listed cacti …
Podemos: Citizen Cyberactivism Reaches European Policy
2015
Internet está democratizando los medios y los sistemas políticos, de manera que rompe el sentido único de la comunicación de masas y refuerza el modelo simétrico bidireccional en el que la comunicación se vuelve universal, omnipresente y libre. A ello han contribuido de manera decisiva las redes sociales, las cuales democratizan la información y permiten a los usuarios participar de forma activa en la red a través de aplicaciones gratuitas de fácil manejo gracias a las cuales dejan de ser meros receptores de información para convertirse en emisores y productores de contenidos. Las comunidades virtuales interconectan a personas con afinidades comunes y por eso se han convertido en una herram…
Civil Society in the 2004 Romanian Elections: Watchdog, Involved Arbiter or Political Actor?
2010
Abstract Civil society has proven outstanding capacities of involvement in the 2004 general elections in Romania and put a remarkable pressure on the political society. This paper aims to discuss the consequences of such involvement for both the political and civil society. We also investigate the conditions that have favoured a successful challenge of the main political actors by the most visible civic advocacy organizations. Further, we inquire how deep can an actor from the civil society go into the lands of the political society. In the end, we weight the achievements and the failures of civil society’s active involvement in the game of elections.
Le rôle de la pratique ultérieure des parties dans l'interprétation des arrêts de la Cour internationale de justice à la lumière de l'arrêt de la Cou…
2014
The paper analyses the judgment of the International Court of Justice of November 11, 2013, in which the Court establishes several factors relevant for the interpretation of its judgments. After illustrating the importance of this judgement, the paper criticizes the Court's refrain from any examination of subsequent practice of the Parties in the application of its judgments, as a means of interpretation. Cette contribution analyse l'arrêt de la Cour internationale de justice du 11 novembre 2013, dans lequel la Cour énonce plusieurs éléments pertinents aux fins de l'interprétation de ses sentences. Après avoir mis en lumière l'importance de cet arrêt, une critique est adressée à l'approche …
Le mensonge comme manœuvre d’acquisition de légitimité organisationnelle : considérations éthiques et processus de réalisation
2019
This research aims to focus the attention on the concept of "legitimation lie" in order to break the silence surrounding it and to shed light on an organizational phenomenon that is not as rare as what we could believe. Specifically, it provides an explanation of how some entrepreneurs succeed in acquiring initial legitimacy for their small and new businesses through lies. The study of the antithetical association of legitimacy and lies led us to focus on two research axes: on the one hand, the ethical considerations attributed to legitimacy lies and on the other hand, the process of their realization.On the theoretical level, our study required a reassessment of classical moral approaches,…
Ethics in military organisations : implementation in the battlefield and lessons for management sciences
2016
This research questions the idea of military ethics. Our work uses an analytical framework combining three different disciplines: Ethics of care, developed in moral philosophy, Stakeholder theory, from business ethics, New institutionalism theory, from management science. This framework is then applied on two different research fields: the first one deals with the study of battles where ethical stakes were particularly high: the battle of Alger, the Iraqi war, the Srebrenica battle.The second one is qualitative interviews with officers coming back from the battlefield: 10 US officers from the Iraqi conflict and 7 French militaries from Afghanistan. These two research fields are completed by…
Challenges in EU External Climate Change Policy-Making in the Early Post-Lisbon Era: The UNFCCC Copenhagen Negotiations
2011
The 15th United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of the Parties (COP) meeting held in Copenhagen from 7 to 18 December 2009, which took place one week after the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon on 1 December 2009, has brought about rather disappointing outcomes from the perspective of the European Union (EU), which had previously displayed substantial leadership within the UN climate regime. Contrary to the EU’s objectives for the COP15 meeting, no legally binding agreement was reached to succeed the Kyoto Protocol after 2012 and the final Copenhagen Accord contained disappointingly few ambitious targets. This chapter tries to explain how this resul…
Report on Italy
2019
The right to take part personally in criminal proceedings, although not expressly provided at a Constitutional level, is an expression of the principle of a fair trial upheld by Article 6 of the ECHR and translated into Article 111 of the Italian Constitution. In the course of years, the CCP, also following some condemnations by the Strasbourg Court, underwent several modifications aimed at implementing principles and conditions affirmed by the ECHR that can legitimate proceedings in absentia of a defendant. This study is structured into different parts. In the first, an analysis of national rules concerning the participation of a defendant and other private parties at each stage of proceed…
The European Union at the Copenhagen climate negotiations: A case of contested EU actorness and effectiveness
2013
This article analyses the extent of European Union (EU) actorness and effectiveness at the 15th United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of the Parties (COP) meeting in Copenhagen in December 2009. Although the EU has been characterised as a leader in international climate policy-making for some time, the COP 15 meeting in Copenhagen has overall brought about disappointing outcomes for the Union. This casts doubts on EU actorness and effectiveness in this field. We take the article by Jupille and Caporaso as a conceptual point of departure and then specify a more parsimonious actorness framework that consists of coherence and autonomy. Effectiveness is conc…
Revenues from related Parties Transactions and UEFA Financial Fair Play. The Search for an Alternative Solution to Fair Value Measurement for the Bre…
2014
Transactions with related parties (RPTs) are numerous and frequent in the economy of companies; they are often made with different values from the ones in arm’s length transactions, and sometimes for opportunistic reasons. Many cases of RPTs occur in the football sector too, and they are mostly related to sponsorship contracts revenues. Through the financial fair play regulations, UEFA encourages the clubs which want to get the license for competing in European tournaments, to count on their capability to operate on the basis of their own revenues. The reorientation of the professional football clubs economic governance requested by UEFA also provides specific RPTs disclosure as well as the…