Search results for "passage"

showing 10 items of 108 documents

M/M/1 queue in two alternating environments and its heavy traffic approximation

2018

We investigate an M/M/1 queue operating in two switching environments, where the switch is governed by a two-state time-homogeneous Markov chain. This model allows to describe a system that is subject to regular operating phases alternating with anomalous working phases or random repairing periods. We first obtain the steady-state distribution of the process in terms of a generalized mixture of two geometric distributions. In the special case when only one kind of switch is allowed, we analyze the transient distribution, and investigate the busy period problem. The analysis is also performed by means of a suitable heavy-traffic approximation which leads to a continuous random process. Its d…

Partial differential equationMarkov chainDistribution (number theory)Stochastic processApplied MathematicsProbability (math.PR)010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisM/M/1 queue60K25 60K37 60J60 60J70Heavy traffic approximation01 natural sciencesSteady-state distribution010104 statistics & probabilityDiffusion approximationFOS: MathematicsAlternating Wiener process0101 mathematicsFirst-hitting-time modelSteady-state distribution; First-passage time; Diffusion approximation; Alternating Wiener processQueueMathematics - ProbabilityAnalysisFirst-passage timeMathematicsJournal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
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Environmental DNA analysis indicates that migration barriers are decreasing the occurrence of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in distance from the s…

2020

Abstract The European eel (Anguilla L.) is considered critically endangered by the IUCN Red List, and recruitment remains low. One of the challenges for the species today is migration barriers that limit their habitat. Along the Norwegian coast, like in other countries, the abundance of eels appears to decrease with distance from the sea. This pattern may be a result of factors like water temperature, water quality, competition, and habitat suitability and availability. This study aims to use environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis to investigate the potential relationship between migration barriers and the decreasing occurrence of eels in distance from the sea by the coast of southern Norway. Si…

Passage barriers0106 biological sciencesanimal structuresmedia_common.quotation_subjectEnvironmental DNAConservation010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesCompetition (biology)Upstream and downstream (DNA)Critically endangeredAbundance (ecology)lcsh:QH540-549.5VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470IUCN Red ListEnvironmental DNAEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsNature and Landscape Conservationmedia_commonEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyFisheryGeographyHabitatAnguilla Anguillalcsh:EcologyWater qualityReal-time PCRGlobal Ecology and Conservation
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O sujeito do conhecimento – o objeto da ação: a “passagem”, identidade e diferença na filosofia de Arthur Schopenhauer

2009

In the present text, I’ll dwell upon the tensions or contradictions in the philosophy of Schopenhauer, and I’ll try to understand them instead of accusing the philosopher of irrationality or inconsequence. The first part of the text investigates Schopenhauer’s theory of knowledge under the aspects of difference and passage, and the second part investigates the liason between etchis and aesthetics searching for an answer for the question of the present identity in the determination of compassion as an expression of the knowledge of the unity of the will.

Passagemmedia_common.quotation_subjectPhilosophyConhecimentoB1-5802AçãoIrrationalityCompassionGeneral MedicineDiferençaEpistemologyExpression (architecture)IdentidadeIdentity (philosophy)Philosophy (General)media_commonCadernos de Filosofia Alemã: Crítica e Modernidade
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It Takes a Mouth to Eat and a Nose to Breathe: Abnormal Oral Respiration Affects Neonates' Oral Competence and Systemic Adaptation.

2012

Review Article; International audience; Mammalian, including human, neonates are considered to be obligate nose breathers. When constrained to breathe through their mouth in response to obstructed or closed nasal passages, the effects are pervasive and profound, and sometimes last into adulthood. The present paper briefly surveys neonates' and infants' responses to this atypical mobilisation of the mouth for breathing and focuses on comparisons between human newborns and infants and the neonatal rat model. We present the effects of forced oral breathing on neonatal rats induced by experimental nasal obstruction. We assessed the multilevel consequences on physiological, structural, and behav…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyNeonatal ratbusiness.industry[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionOral breathinglcsh:RJ1-570lcsh:PediatricsReview Article030206 dentistry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiaAlimentation et NutritionPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthRespirationmedicineFood and Nutritionbusiness[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNoseNasal passages
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Roadmap on STIRAP applications

2019

STIRAP (stimulated Raman adiabatic passage) is a powerful laser-based method, usually involving two photons, for efficient and selective transfer of populations between quantum states. A particularly interesting feature is the fact that the coupling between the initial and the final quantum states is via an intermediate state, even though the lifetime of the latter can be much shorter than the interaction time with the laser radiation. Nevertheless, spontaneous emission from the intermediate state is prevented by quantum interference. Maintaining the coherence between the initial and final state throughout the transfer process is crucial. STIRAP was initially developed with applications in …

PhotonAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Digital storageStimulated Raman adiabatic passage02 engineering and technologyStimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP)01 natural scienceslaw.inventionPhysics - Atomic PhysicsFTIR SPECTROSCOPYstimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP)lawStereochemistryRare earthsStatistical physicsMetal ionsmolecular Rydberg statesQCparity violationPhysicseducation.field_of_studyQuantum PhysicsElectric dipole momentsCoherent population transfer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsacoustic waves; molecular Rydberg states; nuclear coherent population transfer; parity violation; spin waves; stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP); ultracold moleculesADIABATIC PASSAGEAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsChemical DynamicsMolecular beamsVIOLATING ENERGY DIFFERENCEResearch group A. Pálffy – Division C. H. KeitelStimulated emission0210 nano-technologyCoherence (physics)Experimental parametersPopulationFOS: Physical sciencesacoustic waves530spin wavesMolecular Rydberg statesELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCYSINGLE PHOTONSQuantum statePhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesUltracold moleculesSpontaneous emissionddc:530Nuclear coherent population transfer010306 general physicseducationStimulated Raman adiabatic passageChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Rare-earth-ion doped crystalsPhotonsQuantum opticsnuclear coherent population transferBROAD-BANDControlled manipulationsPOLAR-MOLECULESMoleculesRydberg statesLaserSuperconducting quantum circuitAcoustic wavesParity violationstimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP); ultracold molecules; parity violation; spin waves; acoustic waves; molecular Rydberg states; nuclear coherent population transferDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physikultracold moleculesQuantum Physics (quant-ph)QUANTUM GASSpin waves
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Diffusive behavior and the modeling of characteristic times in limit order executions

2007

We present an empirical study of the first passage time (FPT) of order book prices needed to observe a prescribed price change Delta, the time to fill (TTF) for executed limit orders and the time to cancel (TTC) for canceled ones in a double auction market. We find that the distribution of all three quantities decays asymptotically as a power law, but that of FPT has significantly fatter tails than that of TTF. Thus a simple first passage time model cannot account for the observed TTF of limit orders. We propose that the origin of this difference is the presence of cancellations. We outline a simple model, which assumes that prices are characterized by the empirically observed distribution …

Physics - Physics and SocietyFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics and Society (physics.soc-ph)Power lawFOS: Economics and businessOrder bookTime to fillLimit (mathematics)Statistical physicsMicrostructureMathematicsQuantitative Finance - Trading and Market MicrostructureEconophysicsLimit order marketEconophysicProbability and statisticsFirst passage timeTrading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)Distribution (mathematics)Physics - Data Analysis Statistics and ProbabilityExponentCensored dataFirst-hitting-time modelGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceFinanceData Analysis Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
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Rovibrational controlled-NOT gates using optimized stimulated Raman adiabatic passage techniques and optimal control theory

2009

Implementation of quantum controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates in realistic molecular systems is studied using stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) techniques optimized in the time domain by genetic algorithms or coupled with optimal control theory. In the first case, with an adiabatic solution (a series of STIRAP processes) as starting point, we optimize in the time domain different parameters of the pulses to obtain a high fidelity in two realistic cases under consideration. A two-qubit CNOT gate constructed from different assignments in rovibrational states is considered in diatomic (NaCs) or polyatomic $({\text{SCCl}}_{2})$ molecules. The difficulty of encoding logical states in pure rota…

Physics010304 chemical physicsField (physics)Stimulated Raman adiabatic passageRotational–vibrational spectroscopyOptimal control01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsControlled NOT gateQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersTime domain010306 general physicsAdiabatic processQuantum computerPhysical Review A
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Zeno-like phenomena in STIRAP processes

2011

The presence of a continuous measurement quantum Zeno effect in a stimulated Raman adiabatic passage is studied, exploring in detail a sort of self-competition of the damping, which drives the system toward a loss of population and, at the same time, realizes the conditions for optimizing the adiabatic passage.

PhysicsContinuous measurementeducation.field_of_studyPopulationStimulated Raman adiabatic passageCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materialaw.inventionClassical mechanicslawQuantum mechanicsAdiabatic processeducationZeno's paradoxesSTIRAP Adiabatic evolution Quantum Zeno effectMathematical PhysicsBose–Einstein condensateQuantum Zeno effect
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Arbitrary qudit gates by adiabatic passage

2013

We derive an adiabatic technique that implements the most general SU($d$) transformation in a quantum system of $d$ degenerate states, featuring a qudit. This technique is based on the factorization of the SU($d$) transformation into $d$ generalized quantum Householder reflections, each of which is implemented by a two-shot stimulated Raman adiabatic passage with appropriate static phases. The energy of the lasers needed to synthesize a single Householder reflection is shown to be remarkably constant as a function of $d$. This technique is directly applicable to a linear trapped ion system with $d+1$ ions. We implement the quantum Fourier transform numerically in a qudit with $d=4$ (defined…

PhysicsHouseholder transformationQuantum mechanicsDegenerate energy levelsQuantum systemStimulated Raman adiabatic passageQuantum Fourier transformAdiabatic processQuantumAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsQuantum computerPhysical Review A
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Generation of entanglement in systems of intercoupled qubits

2014

We consider systems of two and three qubits, mutually coupled by Heisenberg-type exchange interaction and interacting with external laser fields. We show that these systems allow one to create maximally entangled Bell states, as well as three qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger and W states. In particular, we point out that some of the target states are the eigenstates of the initial bare system. Due to this, one can create entangled states by means of pulse area and adiabatic techniques, when starting from a separable (non-entangled) ground state. On the other hand, for target states, not present initially in the eigensystem of the model, we apply the robust stimulated Raman adiabatic passag…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsBell stateStimulated Raman adiabatic passageFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum PhysicsQuantum entanglement01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasPulse (physics)Separable spaceQuantum mechanicsQubit0103 physical sciencesW stateQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsAdiabatic processPhysical Review A
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