Search results for "pathogen"
showing 10 items of 1657 documents
The Glomerular Lesions in Endotheliotropic Hemolytic Nephroangiopathy (Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, Malignant Nephrosclerosis, Post Partal Renal Insuff…
1982
The term "Endotheliotropic Hemolytic Nephroangiopathy" (EHN) comprises various clinically or pathomorphologically defined disease states with severe renal lesions (e.g. hemolytic uremic syndrome, malignant nephrosclerosis, post partum renal insufficiency) which, to date, have been considered as different entities. We attempted to assign accompanying glomerular changes based upon light and electron microscopy to the above mentioned clinical pictures and their various stages. The accordingly classified glomerular lesions (G1--G3 and Ga) are of critical importance in pathohistological differential diagnosis. Since it is assumed that fibrin is a causing event in the pathogenesis of the vascular…
Deep Venous Thrombosis: Leukocyte Rheology at Baseline and after in vitro Activation
2001
We evaluated leukocyte rheology, expressed as leukocyte filtration, polymorphonuclear (PMN) membrane fluidity and cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration in subjects with acute deep venous leg thrombosis (DVT). In 14 subjects with leg DVT we examined the leukocyte filtration [unfractionated, mononuclear cells (MN), PMNs], PMN membrane fluidity and PMN cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration. Subsequently, we evaluated the same PMN variables after in vitro chemotactic activation with 4-phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate. At baseline, we observed a significant difference in the filtration of unfractionated and MNs and in PMN cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentra…
Reciprocal altered expression of E-cadherin and P-cadherin in mucous membrane pemphigoid.
2011
E- and P- cadherins are involved in the selective adhesion of epidermal cells. To gain insight into the role of cadherins on the acantholysis of keratinocytes and further investigate the pathogenesis of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid, we examined the expression of P-cadherin and E-cadherin, in normal human oral mucosa, lesional and peri-lesional mucosa in MMP. Twenty-nine samples from paraffin-embedded specimens of MMP were used for the study. Five specimens of healthy oral mucosa were evaluated as control group. To evaluate the E- and P-Cadherin expression, a mean percentage of positive cells was determined from the percentage of positive cells derived from the analysis of 100 cells in ten ra…
A macrophage-suppressing 40-kD protein in a case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
1987
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease of unknown etiology. Macrophage dysfunctions are claimed to be involved in the pathogenesis. We investigated phagocytosis and oxidative metabolism of alveolar macrophages in a case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. These cells phagocytize normally and phagocytizable stimulants cause a normal oxidative burst. In response to the membrane signals phorbolmyristate acetate and aggregated immunoglobulin, however, no stimulated turnover of the oxidative metabolism can be observed. A 40-kD protein found in the lavage fluid mediates this macrophage-inhibiting effect. This phenomenon may contribute to the frequent opportunistic infections seen i…
Pro-inflammatory gene variants in myocardial infarction and longevity: implications for pharmacogenomics.
2008
Inflammation and genetics play an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, despite the increasing appreciation of the role of genetics in CHD and myocardial infarction (MI) pathogenesis, pharmacogenomic approaches to uncover drug target have not been extensively explored. Cyclo-oxygenases (COXs) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) are the key enzymes in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins (PG) and leukotrienes (LT) and are implicated in a wide variety of inflammatory disorders, including atherosclerosis. In fact, PGE2 activates Matrix Metallo-proteinases whereas LTB4 is a chemoactractant for monocytes and activates gene expression in inflammatory c…
Different Genetic Expression Profiles of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis-Related Genes in Crohn's Disease.
2018
<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Increased oxidative stress and decreased immune cell apoptosis have been reported to be important factors in the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease (CD). Our aim was to characterize the genetic expression of molecules implicated in the regulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis in peripheral white mononuclear cells of 18 healthy volunteers (controls) and 20 patients at the onset of CD (active CD [aCD]): 10 who achieved remission (inactive CD [iCD]) and 10 who did not present a complete and deep response to treatment (aCD-T). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> mRNA expression was measured by the Agena MassARRAY quantitative ge…
PERIODONTAL MICROCIRCULATORY ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS
2005
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to observe the differences in periodontal microcirculation between healthy patients and patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS: Fifteen healthy patients and 15 patients with SSc were examined. Periodontal capillaroscopy was used to investigate the characteristics of microcirculation. The visibility, course, tortuosity, possible presence of microhemorrhages, average caliber of the capillary loops, and number of visible capillary loops per square millimeter were evaluated for each patient. RESULTS: The investigation was simple, non-invasive, and repeatable for each patient. In patients with SSc, it was possible to observe a reduced number of capi…
Genotyping and antifungal susceptibility of human subgingival Candida albicans isolates.
2002
Subgingival colonization by Candida albicans has been described in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, but subgingival isolates have scarcely been characterized, particularly with respect to genotype and antifungal susceptibility. A series of 29 subgingival strains of C. albicans isolated from nine HIV-infected individuals was typed by electrophoretic karyotyping and tested for susceptibility to fluconazole, itraconazole, the new investigational triazole posaconazole and amphotericin B. DNA typing showed genetic heterogeneity within subgingival isolates, as almost every individual harbored his/her own specific isolate. Genetic identity was usually demonstrated within or…
Leukocytes in neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses: function and apoptosis
1997
The neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses (NCL) are a group of progressive encephalopathies with a fatal course that are mostly of autosomal recessive inheritance. The pathophysiological mechanisms causing the diseases are not known. The characteristic histomorphological feature of the NCL is an abnormal lysosomal accumulation of lipopigments in neural and extraneural cells, including peripheral blood leukocytes. We studied the function of peripheral venous blood immunocompetent cells in ten patients with NCL and in age- and sex-matched controls to determine how, if at all, the accumulation of intracytoplasmic storage material influences the functional capacity of affected tissue. Our results did …
Serum low density lipoprotein subclasses in asthma
2013
Summary Background The levels of serum low-density lipoproteins (LDL) have been implicated in the inflammatory cascade in a murine model of asthma. Recent findings suggest that LDL may modulate the inflammatory state of the asthmatic airways in humans. Objective We explored whether LDL subclasses are associated with the occurrence and severity of asthma. Methods 24 asthmatics (M/F: 11/13) and 24 healthy individuals, with normal BMI and absence of metabolic syndrome, matched for age and gender. Serum concentrations of LDL subclasses were distributed as seven bands (LDL-1 and -2 defined as large, least pro-inflammatory LDL, and LDL-3 to −7 defined as small, most pro-inflammatory LDL), using t…