Search results for "pathogenesi"
showing 10 items of 764 documents
Helicobacter pyloriand Non-malignant Diseases
2008
In 2007 Helicobacter pylori research continued to deal with some controversies raised in the last decade. The main problems remain unsolved: peptic ulcer disease negative for H. pylori, synergism of H. pylori infection and aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or cyclooxygenase 2 specific inhibitors, the role of H. pylori eradication in uninvestigated and nonulcer dyspepsia, and the possible protective effect of H. pylori infection against gastroesophageal reflux disease and its complications such as Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma. The incidence and prevalence of peptic ulcer disease as well as ulcer-related mortality are continuing to decline all over the world. Th…
Distinct subsets of regulatory T cells during pregnancy: is the imbalance of these subsets involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia?
2008
Abstract Regulatory T cells (CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + -Treg cells) are important regulators of tolerance induction during pregnancy. We now found that the number of CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + -Treg cells decreases during normal course of pregnancy and even more so in women affected by preeclampsia. The functional activity of these CD4 + CD25 + -Treg cells was significantly reduced in comparison to those of healthy pregnants. Further analysis revealed two Treg subsets that differed with regard to the FoxP3 and CD25 expression. The percentage of both, CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 high+ -Treg and CD4 + CD25 high+ FoxP3 + , was maximal in the first and second trimenon, but declined severely in the third trimenon. …
Myocardial fibrosis by delayed enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance and HCV infection in thalassemia major patients.
2010
Abstract Abstract 4265 Introduction. Delayed enhancement (DE) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) technique with intravenous administration of gadolinium (Gd) chelates contrast agents is the only validated non-invasive approach for detecting myocardial fibrosis (Mahrholdt H et al, Eur Heart J 2005). This technique has been confirmed safe in patients with hemoglobinopathies (Meloni A et al, Haematologica 2009). In thalassemia major (TM), myocardial fibrosis has been detected using the DE technique and a positive correlation with anti-HCV antibodies has been described (Pepe A et al, Heart 2009). However, HCV-induced cardiomyopathy is still controversial (Matsumori A et al. J Card Fail 2006). The…
Complement C6 deficiency protects against diet-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits.
1998
Abstract —Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) can be transformed to an atherogenic moiety by nonoxidative, enzymatic degradation. Enzymatically degraded LDL induces macrophage foam cell formation, provokes release of cytokines, and also activates complement. To determine whether complement activation may contribute to atherogenesis, 6 pairs of homozygous C6-deficient rabbits and their non–C6-deficient heterozygous siblings were fed a cholesterol-rich diet for 14 weeks. Cholesterol levels and plasma lipoprotein profiles of the animals in the C6-competent and C6-deficient groups did not significantly differ, and the high density lipoprotein and LDL cholesterol ratios at the end of the experiment w…
Glycosaminoglycans in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy
1992
Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) accumulation in the retrobulbar space of patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) has been documented in a number of immunohistochemical studies. In order to gain further insight into possible immunopathogenic mechanisms, the influence of humoral immunity on retrobulbar fibroblasts (RF) as GAG producing cells as well as on GAGs themselves was investigated. The effect of lymphocytes on hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis of RF as well as in turn the influence of RF on lymphocytes were evaluated. In search of methods which would facilitate management of patients with TAO and allow assessment of disease activity, GAGs were determined in both urine and plasma. Im…
Does adiponectin play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria?
2020
Introduction Chronic spontaneous urticaria constitutes an interdisciplinary problem and its pathogenesis is still a subject of debate. Overweight and hyperlipidemia are supposed to be related to chronic spontaneous urticaria. Fatty tissue can be the source of adipokines. Aim of the study To assess the potential role of adiponectin in chronic spontaneous urticaria pathogenesis. Material and methods The study included 52 chronic spontaneous urticaria patients and 43 healthy controls. The patients were divided into two subgroups: patients with wheals only, and patients with urticaria and an accompanying angioedema. The adiponectin concentration was measured in all studied subjects. Results No …
An update on the role of markers of inflammation in atherosclerosis
2009
In recent years, several studies have used the measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) as a marker of early atherosclerosis: IMT has been shown to correlate significantly with the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and to predict fatal and not fatal cerebro- and cardio-vascular events. These findings highlight the importance of recognizing and managing early stages of atherosclerosis for effective cardiovascular prevention. Beyond traditional established cardiovascular risk factors, inflammation has been shown to be crucial throughout atherosclerosis from endothelial dysfunction to plaque rupture and thrombosis. Several studies have shown the existence of a strong relatio…
Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids, intraocular pressure, and glaucoma
2014
Abstract Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy and is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Estimations predict that nearly 80 million people will be affected by the disease in 2020. Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) has been recognized as a major risk factor for developing glaucoma. Although IOP-lowering agents have been shown to be effective for decreasing the progression of glaucoma, extensive research has been done to identify modifiable lifestyle factors involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. Among these factors, dietary lipids and particularly dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) represent a promising approach. The aim of this chapter is to summarize t…
Poly-ADP ribose polymerase, xanthine oxidase and nitric oxide synthase expression in kidney tissue of experimental diabetes
2014
Background The spatial distribution of inflammatory and DNA reparation markers in the kidney tissue in diabetes is poorly understood. Aim The present study investigated the role of endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase (eNOS and iNOS), Poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) xanthine oxidase (XO) in the pathogenesis of streptozotocin-induced diabetic changes in the kidney tissue. Methods Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 50 mg/kg. The XO, PARP, eNOS and iNOS protein expression in the kidney was studied by immunohistochemistry. Results Obtained results showed that STZ administration incresed the numbers of PARP and XO-positiv…
How acute physical and psychological stress differentially influence the kynurenine pathway: A randomized cross-over trial.
2021
Abstract Psychological stress is associated with the pathogenesis of several neuropsychiatric disorders. In contrast, physical stress, as provoked by exercise, counteracts symptoms and potentially also disease progression. The kynurenine pathway, which is imbalanced in neuropsychiatric disorders, responds to both psychological and physical stress. Here, we compared the acute effects of psychological versus physical stress on the kynurenine pathway and inflammatory mediators. Thirty-five healthy males (mean age: 24.09±3.39 years) underwent both the Trier Social Stress Test (psychological stressor) and the Wingate-Test (physical stressor). The kinetics of tryptophan and its metabolites as wel…