Search results for "perfect"

A simple protocol for extraction and detection of pyrazines produced by fungi in solid state fermentation

1992

A protocol for the extraction and detection of pyrazines produced by fungi in Solid State Fermentation that gave good recovery of these compounds was devised together with specific techniques for detection by Gas Chromatography (GC). The protocol involved solid-liquid and liquid-liquid extractions, concentration of the extracts and GC analysis. Extraction yields were measured from a model system in which synthetic pyrazines were added. Extracts were analysed with a gas chromatograph equipped with a thermo-ionic detector to allow specific pyrazine detection.

Comparison of Volatile Flavor Compounds Produced by Ten Strains of Penicillium camemberti Thom

1993

Abstract Volatile compounds produced by Penicillium camemberti Thom in a milk culture medium were identified using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Volatile compounds were mainly methyl ketones and their corresponding secondary alcohols, fatty acids, and the alcohols 3-methylbutanol, 2-methylpropanol, 3-octanol, and 1-octen-3-ol. Comparison of 10 strains of P. camemberti Thom resulted in their being grouped into 6 aromatic strain groups, This grouping seems to be useful for the selection of strains for cheese making.

Identification and Detection of Phoma tracheiphila, Causal Agent of Citrus Mal Secco Disease, by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction.

2006

Phoma tracheiphila is the causal agent of a tracheomycotic disease of citrus called mal secco causing the dieback of twigs and branches. This pathogen is of quarantine concern; therefore, fast and reliable protocols are required to detect it promptly. A specific primer pair and a dual-labeled fluorogenic probe were used in a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the Cepheid Smart Cycler II System (Transportable Device TD configuration) to detect this fungus in citrus samples. Real-time PCR assay was compared to modified conventional PCR assay. The sensitivity of the former was evaluated by testing P. tracheiphila DNA dilutions, and the minimum amount detectable was about 500 fg, wh…

Model approximation for two-dimensional Markovian jump systems with state-delays and imperfect mode information

2014

Published version of an article in the journal: Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11045-013-0276-x This paper is concerned with the problem of {Mathematical expression} model approximation for a class of two-dimensional (2-D) discrete-time Markovian jump linear systems with state-delays and imperfect mode information. The 2-D system is described by the well-known Fornasini-Marchesini local state-space model, and the imperfect mode information in the Markov chain simultaneously involves the exactly known, partially unknown and uncertain transition probabilities. By using the characteristics of the transition proba…

Note on sums containing small divisors

1976

On Capturing Rent from a Non-Renewable Resource International Monopoly: A Dynamic Game Approach

2005

In this paper we model the case of an international non-renewable resource monopolist as a dynamic game between a monopolist and n importing countries governments, and we investigate whether a tariff on resource imports can be advantageous for the consumers of the importing countries when the monopolist sets the price and the importing countries governments act in a non-cooperative way. We find that a tariff is advantageous for the consumers even when there is not commitment to the trade policy although the part of the rent that can be reaped by the importing countries decreases substantially with the number of importing countries. The optimality of the tariff in our dynamic game is explain…

Comerç internacional i política econòmica de la Unió Europea: aportacions pràctiques

2009

En el actual plan de estudios figuran asignaturas bajo el epígrafe de Comercio internacional en el segundo ciclo, y Economía mundial (internacional) en el primer año del primer ciclo. Existen manuales de referencia que proporcionan un temario muy completo, pero, a veces, con pocos ejemplos y aplicaciones prácticas. Mi propuesta docente es ofrecer un programa en el que se complementen los conceptos teóricos con cuestiones más aplicadas que giren entorno a las políticas económicas referidas a la integración Europea. Adicionalmente cabe destacar que las aportaciones son más evidentes e impactantes a la hora de abordar las teorías del comercio internacional bajo condiciones de competencia imper…

On the Coincidence of the Feedback Nash and Stackelberg Equilibria in Economic Applications of Differential Games

2002

In this paper the scope of the applicability of the Stackelberg equilibrium concept in differential games is investigated. Firstly, conditions for obtaining the coincidence between the Stackelberg and Nash equilibria are defined in terms of the instantaneous pay-off function and the state equation of the game. Secondly, it is showed that for a class of differential games with state-interdependence both equilibria are identical independently of the player being the leader of the game. A survey of different economic models shows that this coincidence is going to occur for a good number of economic applications of differential games. This result appears because of the continuous-time setting i…

Power allocation for two-cell two-user joint transmission

2012

In this paper, we develop a power allocation scheme for the downlink of a two-cell two-user joint transmission system. The objective is to maximize the sum rate under per-cell power constraints. We study a worst case scenario where the carrier phases between the two base stations are un-synchronized, so that joint transmission must be performed without precoding. The derived power allocation scheme is remarkably simple, i.e., each cell transmits with full power to only one user. Note that joint transmission is still possible, when two cells select the same user for data transmission. Moreover, we prove that, in this scenario, the joint transmission case happens with higher probability when …

LCAO calculation of neutral defects in GaN

2005

Four well known HF, LDA, GGA and B3LYP Hamiltonians in LCAO approximation have been used in band structure calculations to obtain the main properties of the perfect GaN crystal with hexagonal lattice (C space group). Calculated lattice parameters, elastic constants and the band gap have been compared with the experimental data and the results of other calculations. As a consequence, the GGA Hamiltonian has been chosen, giving the lattice parameters a = 3.20 A, c = 5.20 A, u = 0.377, the bulk modulus B = 206 GPa and the energy gap Eg = 2.7 eV. These results reasonably reproduce the experimental data. For the point defects calculation (VGa, VN, MgGa, ZnGa, CN, and SiN) the supercell model was…