Search results for "peritoneum"
showing 10 items of 82 documents
Solitary fibrous tumor of the parotid gland: case report
2013
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare spindle cell neoplasm that usually develops in the pleura and peritoneum. The head and neck region is involved in only 6% of the cases. Involvement of the parotid gland is a rare phenomenon, with only 24 cases reported in the literature. The aim of this study is to report an additional case of SFT affecting the parotid gland, and to review the literature on previously reported cases. The patient was a 42-year-old male with a 4-cm, fibro-elastic, movable, painless nodule in the inferior lobe of the parotid gland. The lesion was surgically excised and, following histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis, a diagnosis of SFT was rendered. The pati…
Right diaphragmatic injury and lacerated liver during a penetrating abdominal trauma: case report and brief literature review
2014
Introduction: Diaphragmatic injuries are rare consequences of thoracoabdominal trauma and they often occur in association with multiorgan injuries. The diaphragm is a difficult anatomical structure to study with common imaging instruments due to its physiological movement. Thus, diaphragmatic injuries can often be misunderstood and diagnosed only during surgical procedures. Diagnostic delay results in a high rate of mortality. Methods: We report the management of a clinical case of a 45-old man who came to our observation with a stab wound in the right upper abdomen. The type or length of the knife used as it was extracted from the victim after the fight. CT imaging demonstrated a right hem…
IL-23 receptor regulates unconventional IL-17-producing T cells that control bacterial infections.
2010
AbstractIL-23 plays an important role in autoimmune tissue inflammation and induces the generation of not fully characterized effector cells that mediate protection against pathogens. In this paper, we established the essential role of IL-23R in the host response against intracellular pathogens. IL-23 was critical for the expansion or maintenance of γδ and double negative (DN) αβ T cells. These cells were rapidly recruited to the site of infection and produced large amounts of IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Notably, DN T cells transferred into L. monocytogenes-infected RAG2−/− mice prevented bacterial growth, confirming their protective role against intracellular pathogens. Our results show that …
Abdominal splenosis and its differential diagnoses: What the radiologist needs to know
2021
Abstract Splenosis is a benign acquired condition characterized by the presence of heterotopic viable splenic tissue in other organs or within cavities such as peritoneum, retroperitoneum, or thorax after splenic trauma or surgery. Abdominal splenosis is often an incidental finding and computed tomography and magnetic resonance usually allow a confident diagnosis. The typical enhancement that parallels the spleen is a useful hallmark of splenosis. Splenic implants lack contrast uptake in the hepatobiliary phase and show high signal at high b-values on diffusion-weighted images. In some cases splenosis may mimic malignant and benign conditions in the peritoneum as well as in hollow and paren…
Complement Component 3 expressed by the endometrial ectopic tissue is involved in the endometriotic lesion formation through mast cell activation
2020
AbstractThe pathophysiology of endometriosis (EM) is an excellent example of immune dysfunction, reminiscent of tumor microenvironment as well. Here, we report that an interplay between C3 and mast cells (MCs) is involved in the pathogenesis of ectopic EM. C3 is at the epicenter of the regulatory feed forward loop, amplifying the inflammatory microenvironment, in which the MCs are protagonists. Thus, C3 can be considered a marker of EM and its local synthesis can promote the engraftment of the endometriotic cysts. We generated a murine model of EM via injection of minced uterine tissue from a donor mouse, into the peritoneum of the recipient mice. The wild type mice showed greater amount of…
Reconstruction of Peritoneal-like Structure in Three-Dimensional Collagen Gel Matrix Culture
1997
The peritoneum is a serous membrane consisting of different kinds of cells and extracellular matrix components (ECM). The aim of the present study was to develop a three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture system for possible investigation of pathological conditions of the peritoneum. Human omental mesothelial cells (MC) and endothelial cells from the umbilical vein (EC) were cultivated either on (MC) or in (EC) a preformed type I collagen matrix. In 3D culture mesothelial cells showed their phenotypical in vivo characteristics and the synthesis of a new basal membrane (BM). Endothelial cells developed vessel-like structures, produce a BM and express E-selectin after TNF-alpha stimulation. Th…
Dopamine agonist administration causes a reduction in endometrial implants through modulation of angiogenesis in experimentally induced endometriosis
2009
Survival of newly implanted retrograde-shed endometrial tissue during menstruation in an ectopic location requires an adequate blood supply. This suggests that angiogenesis is a prerequisite for the development of endometriosis and that its inhibition may be a target for preventing development. Previous studies have shown that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a heparin-binding glycoprotein, has an essential role in angiogenesis. The main regulatory factor for angiogenesis appears to be binding of VEGF to its type-2 receptor (VEGFR-2). Cabergoline (Cb2) and other dopamine agonists promote endocytosis of the VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in endothelial cells, thereby preventing VEGF-VEG…
Sonographic evidence of intraperitoneal fluid. An experimental study and its clinical implications.
1984
In order to evaluate the sensitivity of ultrasound to intraperitoneal fluid, such as ascites or blood, an experimental study was performed in the pig. Various amounts of fluid were injected into the peritoneal cavity to investigate distribution and diagnostic criteria in different positions. As little as 10 ml of fluid was visualized around the urinary bladder in an upright position. In the supine position, 20 ml could be detected around the bladder and 30 ml around the liver. The injection of at least 60 ml resulted in a pattern of free-floating bowel loops. The sonographic findings of fluid distribution were correlated to radiological studies. As different amounts of fluid produce charact…
317 Role of integrins in the metastatic spread of high-grade serous ovarian cancer
2021
Introduction/Background* In high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) an early intraperitoneal metastatic spread is common which determines the therapeutical approach and prognosis. Integrins may be involved in metastatic spread of HGSOC. In this study, integrin expression was examined in primary tumour and metastases of HGSOC. Methodology The expression of integrin α2, α4, α5, α6, and β1 was assessed by immunostaining in tumour samples of the ovary, omentum, and peritoneum of each patient. Differences in integrin expression among tumour localisations and their association with clinicopathological parameters were examined by Fisher’s exact test. The impact of integrin expression on progressi…
The Inflammatory Feed-Forward Loop Triggered by the Complement Component C3 as a Potential Target in Endometriosis
2021
Copyright © 2021 Agostinis, Zorzet, Balduit, Zito, Mangogna, Macor, Romano, Toffoli, Belmonte, Morello, Martorana, Borelli, Ricci, Kishore and Bulla. The complement system is a major component of humoral innate immunity, acting as a first line of defense against microbes via opsonization and lysis of pathogens. However, novel roles of the complement system in inflammatory and immunological processes, including in cancer, are emerging. Endometriosis (EM), a benign disease characterized by ectopic endometrial implants, shows certain unique features of cancer, such as the capacity to invade surrounding tissues, and in severe cases, metastatic properties. A defective immune surveillance against…