Search results for "peritonitis"

Vacuum-Assisted Wound Closure with Mesh-Mediated Fascial Traction Achieves Better Outcomes than Vacuum-Assisted Wound Closure Alone: A Comparative St…

2017

Background Open abdomen (OA) permits the application of damage control surgery principles when abdominal trauma, sepsis, severe acute peritonitis and abdominal compartmental syndrome (ACS) occur. Methods Non-traumatic patients treated with OA between January 2010 and December 2015 were identified in a prospective database, and the data collected were retrospectively reviewed. Patients’ records were collected from charts and the surgical and intensive care unit (ICU) registries. The Acosta ‘‘modified’’ technique was used to achieve fascial closure in vacuum-assisted wound closure and mesh-mediated fascial traction (VAWCM) patients. Sex, age, simplified acute physiology score II (SAPS II), ab…

Fetal meconium psedocyst spontaneosly disappeared after birth. A Case report

2010

Suppression of inflammation by low-dose methotrexate is mediated by adenosine A2A receptor but not A3 receptor activation in thioglycollate-induced p…

2005

Prior studies demonstrate that adenosine, acting at one or more of its receptors, mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of methotrexate in animal models of both acute and chronic inflammation. Both adenosine A2A and A3 receptors contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of methotrexate treatment in the air pouch model of inflammation, and the regulation of inflammation by these two receptors differs at the cellular level. Because different factors may regulate inflammation at different sites we examined the effect of low-dose weekly methotrexate treatment (0.75 mg/kg/week) in a model of acute peritoneal inflammation in adenosine A2A receptor knockout mice and A3 receptor knockout mice an…

Thymidine-dependent Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants: human pathogens that are relevant not only in cases of cystic fibrosis lung disease.

2008

ABSTRACT We report the isolation of thymidine-dependent small-colony variants (TD-SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus from unusual infection sites of patients with chronic soft tissue infection, tympanitis, bronchitis, peritonitis, and septicemia. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the essential growth factor for TD-SCVs, i.e., thymidine, and its metabolite dTMP are present in various human specimens.

Diaryl-dithiolanes and -isothiazoles: COX-1/COX-2 and 5-LOX-inhibitory, OH scavenging and anti-adhesive activities

2008

Three series of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibiting the cyclooxygenase/5-lipoxygenase (COX/5-LOX) pathways as such as formation of hydroxyl radicals and adhesion were prepared: 4,5-diaryl isothiazoles, 4,5-diaryl 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thiones and 4,5-diaryl 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-ones. The aim of the present study was to develop substances which can intervene into the inflammatory processes via different mechanisms of action as multiple target non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (MTNSAIDs) with increased anti-inflammatory potential. The current lead 11a was evaluated in COX-1/2, 5-LOX and (*)OH scavenging in vitro assays and in a static adhesion assay where it proved to inhib…

Intracellular signalling via the AKT axis and downstream effectors is active and prognostically significant in cancer of unknown primary (CUP): a stu…

2012

Background: Hypothesising that cancer of unknown primary (CUP) may harbour unique characteristics, we present a translational study of the immunohistochemical expression and clinical correlation of key PTEN/AKT pathway molecules. Patients and methods: We collected 100 paraffin-embedded CUP tissue blocks. We studied using tissue microarrays the expression of PTEN, phospho-AKT, Cyclin D1, p21, phospho-RPS6. From the percentage of staining tumour cells and the literature, we selected cut-offs to classify the expression of each biomolecule. We correlated IHC expression with clinical data. Results: PTEN, pAKT, and pRPS6 showed frequent expression. At univariate analysis, high IHC expression of p…

Monitorización de la vacomicina en administración intraperitoneal en pacientes sometidos a diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria

2012

Objective: To validate a pharmacokinetic model of the treatments with intraperitoneal vancomycin applied to patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis with bacterial peritonitis. Methods: To carry out a prospective study divided in 2 cohorts: the first one including ten patients of 56 ± 14 years and 65 ± 5 kg, and the second one with 10 patients (12 episodes of peritonitis) aged 52 ± 13 years and 64 ± 8 kg. The treatment consists of administering and retaining for 6 h in the peritoneal cavity a solution containing 2 g of vancomycin and 1 g of ceftazidime into 2 l of ‘‘dialysis solution’’. After the antibiotic administration, blood samples were obtained at 4, 6, 8, 10, 24, 48 and …

The significance of plasma kinins in intestinal obstruction and peritonitis

1969

The present concept of plasmakinin action suggests that they may also play an important role in the pathophysiology of intestinal obstruction and peritonitis. Since the assay of the kinins is still something of a problem, and since the percursor kallikrein can be determined by a standardized method, we studied the titers of kallikrein in the peripheral and portal circulation in dogs with experimental intestinal obstruction and in patients with these disorders. Significantly higher levels of kallikrein were found in intestinal obstruction, particularly in obstruction with strangulation (Fig. 1).

Human Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A New Potential Treatment for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in Decompensated Cirrhosis

2022

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a severe and often fatal infection in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites. The only cure for SBP is antibiotic therapy, but the emerging problem of bacterial resistance requires novel therapeutic strategies. Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hA-MSCs) possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that can be harnessed as a therapy in such a context. Methods: An in vitro applications of hA-MSCs in ascitic fluid (AF) of cirrhotic patients, subsequently infected with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, was performed. We evaluated the effects of hA-MSCs on bacterial load, innate immunity factors, and macr…

Protection from lethal septic peritonitis by neutralizing the biological function of interleukin 27

2006

The immune response to bacterial infections must be tightly controlled to guarantee pathogen elimination while preventing tissue damage by uncontrolled inflammation. Here, we demonstrate a key role of interleukin (IL)-27 in regulating this critical balance. IL-27 was rapidly induced during murine experimental peritonitis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Furthermore, mice deficient for the EBI3 subunit of IL-27 were resistant to CLP-induced septic peritonitis as compared with wild-type controls, and this effect could be suppressed by injection of recombinant single-chain IL-27. EBI3−/− mice displayed significantly enhanced neutrophil migration and oxidative burst capacity during…