Search results for "pero"

L-carnitine protects C2C12 cells against mitochondrial superoxide overproduction and cell death.

2017

International audience; AIMTo identify and characterize the protective effect that L-carnitine exerted against an oxidative stress in C2C12 cells.METHODSMyoblastic C2C12 cells were treated with menadione, a vitamin K analog that engenders oxidative stress, and the protective effect of L-carnitine (a nutrient involved in fatty acid metabolism and the control of the oxidative process), was assessed by monitoring various parameters related to the oxidative stress, autophagy and cell death.RESULTSAssociated with its physiological function, a muscle cell metabolism is highly dependent on oxygen and may produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially under pathological conditions. High levels o…

Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Exhibit Different Biological Behaviours in Response to Commercial Bleaching Products

2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diffusion capacity and the biological effects of different bleaching products on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). The bleaching gel was applied for 90, 30 or 15 min to enamel/dentine discs that adapted in an artificial chamber. The diffusion of hydrogen peroxide (HP) was analysed by fluorometry and the diffusion products were applied to hDPSCs. Cell viability, cell migration and cell morphology assays were performed using the eluates of diffusion products. Finally, cell apoptosis and the expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers were analysed by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and Kruskal&nda…

Immunohistochemistry of Human Hsp60 in Health and Disease: From Autoimmunity to Cancer

2017

Hsp60 (also called Cpn60) is a chaperonin with essential functions for cell physiology and survival. Additionally, its involvement in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases (e.g., some autoimmune disorders and cancer) is becoming evident with new research. For example, the distribution and levels of Hsp60 in cells and tissues have been found altered in many pathologic conditions, and the significance of these alterations is being investigated in a number of laboratories. The aim of this ongoing research is to determine the meaning of these Hsp60 alterations with regard to pathogenetic mechanisms, diagnosis, classification of lesions, and assessing prognosis and response to treatment. Hsp…

Alzheimer's Disease and Molecular Chaperones: Current Knowledge and the Future of Chaperonotherapy

2016

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a dementia, a neurodegenerative condition, and a protein-misfolding disease or proteinopathy, characterized by protein deposits, extracellular plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, which contain the AD’s typical pathological proteins, abnormal [1]-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau, respectively, and are located predominantly in the cortex of the frontal, parietal, and temporal brain lobes. What is the role of molecular chaperones in AD? Data indicate that molecular chaperones, also known as Hsp, are involved in AD, probably displaying protective roles and/or acting as pathogenic factors as it occurs in chaperonopathies in which case AD …

Study of interaction of antimutagenic 1,4-dihydropyridine AV-153-Na with DNA-damaging molecules and its impact on DNA repair activity

2018

Background1,4-dihydropyridines (1,4-DHP) possesses important biochemical and pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and antimutagenic activities. It was shown that the antimutagenic 1,4-dihydropyridine AV-153-Na interacts with DNA. The aim of the current study was to test the capability of the compound to scavenge peroxynitrite and hydroxyl radical, to test intracellular distribution of the compound, and to assess the ability of the compound to modify the activity of DNA repair enzymes and to protect the DNA in living cells against peroxynitrite-induced damage.MethodsPeroxynitrite decomposition was assayed by UV spectroscopy, hydroxyl radical scavenging—by EPR spectroscopy. DNA b…

Formation of 2-nitrophenol from salicylaldehyde as a suitable test for low peroxynitrite fluxes

2016

There has been some dispute regarding reaction products formed at physiological peroxynitrite fluxes in the nanomolar range with phenolic molecules, when used to predict the behavior of protein-bound aromatic amino acids like tyrosine. Previous data showed that at nanomolar fluxes of peroxynitrite, nitration of these phenolic compounds was outcompeted by dimerization (e.g. biphenols or dityrosine). Using 3-morpholino sydnonimine (Sin-1), we created low fluxes of peroxynitrite in our reaction set-up to demonstrate that salicylaldehyde displays unique features in the detection of physiological fluxes of peroxynitrite, yielding detectable nitration but only minor dimerization products. By mean…

Hsp60 as a Novel Target in IBD Management: A Prospect

2019

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses various pathological conditions similar but distinct that share a multifactorial etiology, including involvement of the intestinal barrier function, the immune system, and intestinal microorganisms. Hsp60 is a chaperonin component of the chaperoning system, present in all cells and tissues, including the intestine. It plays important roles in cell physiology outside and inside mitochondria, its canonical place of residence. However, Hsp60 can also be pathogenic in many conditions, the Hsp60 chaperonopathies, possibly including IBD. The various clinico-pathological types of IBD have a complicated mix of causative factors, among which Hsp60 can be …

The Binding Mechanism of Epolactaene to Hsp60 Unveiled by in Silico Modelling

2016

Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and DFT/MM calculations were performed in order to rationalize available experimental results and to provide structural details on the binding mechanism of Epolactaene (EPO) to the 60 KDa Heat Shock Protein (Hsp60). The available crystal structure of Hsp60 represents the last step of the chaperone folding cycle, while the Hsp60-EPO complex was obtained by using a homology model of Hsp60, in order to simulate a state related to the beginning of the folding cycle (Rs1). The results of MD simulations point out that EPO shows the highest binding affinity for the empty ATP binding site. The presence of ATP opens a channel that allows the entrance of both EPO d…

Prevention from radiation damage by natural products

2018

Abstract Background Radiotherapy is a mainstay of cancer treatment since decades. Ionizing radiation (IR) is used for destruction of cancer cells and shrinkage of tumors. However, the increase of radioresistance in cancer cells and radiation toxicity to normal tissues are severe concerns. The exposure to radiation generates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to DNA damage by lipid peroxidation, removal of thiol groups from cellular and membrane proteins, strand breaks and base alterations. Hypothesis Plants have to deal with radiation-induced damage (UV-light of sun, other natural radiation sources). Therefore, it is worth speculating that radioprotective mechanisms ha…

2020

Hsp70 proteins and their Hsp40 co-chaperones are essential components of cellular chaperone networks in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Here, we performed a genetic analysis to define the protein domains required for the key functions of the major Hsp40/DnaJ protein Sll0897 of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. The expression of the N-terminally located J- and G/F-domains is essential and sufficient for the proteins' fundamental in vivo functions, whereas the presence of the full-length protein, containing the C-terminal substrate-binding domains, is crucial under stress conditions.