Search results for "phage"

showing 10 items of 1573 documents

Modified spleen stiffness measurement by transient elastography is associated with presence of large oesophageal varices in patients with compensated…

2013

To evaluate the accuracy of liver transient elastography (TE), spleen TE and other noninvasive tests (AAR, APRI score, platelet count, platelet/spleen ratio) in predicting the presence and the size of oesophageal varices in compensated hepatitis C virus (HCV) cirrhosis, we studied 112 consecutive patients with compensated HCV cirrhosis who underwent biochemical tests, gastrointestinal endoscopy, liver TE and spleen TE by Fibroscan(®) (Echosens, Paris, France) using a modified software version with a range between 1.5 and 150 kPa. Spleen TE was not reliable in 16 patients (14.3%). Among the 96 patients with a valid measurement (69.8% men, mean age: 63.2 ± 9.5 years), 43.7% had no oesophageal…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisHepatitis C virusSpleenmedicine.disease_causeEsophageal and Gastric VaricesGastroenterologySensitivity and SpecificityVaricose VeinsVirologyInternal medicinemedicineHumansProspective StudiesAgedUnivariate analysisHepatologybusiness.industrycirrhosisHepatitis CHepatitis C ChronicMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseFibrosisInfectious Diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureROC CurvePortal hypertensionElasticity Imaging TechniquesFemaleVaricesTransient elastographybusinessBiomarkersSpleen
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Mortality risk according to different clinical characteristics of first episode of liver decompensation in cirrhotic patients: a nationwide, prospect…

2013

Abstract OBJECTIVES: The occurrence of decompensation marks a crucial turning point in the course of cirrhosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of mortality according to the clinical characteristics of first decompensation, considering also the impact of acute-on-chronic liver failure (AoCLF). METHODS: We conducted a prospective nationwide inception cohort study in Italy. Decompensation was defined by the presence of ascites, either overt or detected by ultrasonography (UD), gastroesophageal variceal bleeding (GEVB), and hepatic encephalopathy (HE). AoCLF was defined according to the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver criteria. Multivariable Cox proportion…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsCarcinoma HepatocellularCirrhosisAdolescentmedicine.medical_treatmentCirrhosis Mortality Liver decompensation CohortLiver transplantationEsophageal and Gastric VaricesSeverity of Illness IndexYoung AdultSeverity of illnessmedicineHumansProspective StudiesYoung adultIntensive care medicineProspective cohort studyHepatic encephalopathyAgedProportional Hazards ModelsAged 80 and overFirst episodeHepatologybusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyAscitesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseLiver TransplantationAdolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Ascites; Carcinoma Hepatocellular; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Italy; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Failure; Liver Neoplasms; Liver Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Young AdultItalyCirrhosisHepatic EncephalopathyMultivariate AnalysisCohortFemaleGastrointestinal HemorrhagebusinessLiver FailureFollow-Up Studies
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Predicting Mortality Risk in Patients With Compensated HCV-Induced Cirrhosis: A Long-Term Prospective Study

2009

OBJECTIVES: The identification of prognostic factors associated with mortality is crucial in any clinical setting. METHODS: We enrolled in a prospective study 352 patients with compensated hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced cirrhosis, consecutively observed between 1989 and 1992. At entry, patients underwent upper endoscopy to detect esophageal varices, and were then surveilled by serial clinical and ultrasonographic examination. The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score was calculated with information collected at enrollment. Baseline predictors and intercurrent events associated with mortality were assessed using the Cox regression model. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 14.4 y…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsCirrhosisBiopsy Fine-NeedleKaplan-Meier EstimateEsophageal and Gastric VaricesAntiviral AgentsRisk AssessmentSeverity of Illness IndexGastroenterologyCohort StudiesPredictive Value of TestsCause of DeathInternal medicineEpidemiologyConfidence IntervalsmedicineHumansProspective StudiesRisk factorProspective cohort studyAgedProbabilityProportional Hazards ModelsCause of deathSettore MED/12 - GastroenterologiaHepatologybusiness.industryGastroenterologyInterferon-alphavirus diseasesHepatitis CHepatitis C ChronicMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistrySurvival Analysisliver cirrhosis natural historyDisease ProgressionFemalebusinessRisk assessmentLiver FailureFollow-Up StudiesCohort studyThe American Journal of Gastroenterology
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Disparities in the prevalence of clinical features between systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and adult-onset Still's disease

2022

Abstract Objective To compare clinical features and treatments of patients with systemic JIA (sIJA) and adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD). Methods The clinical charts of consecutive patients with sJIA by International League of Association of Rheumatology criteria or AOSD by Yamaguchi criteria were reviewed. Patients were seen at a large paediatric rheumatology referral centre or at 10 adult rheumatology academic centres. Data collected included clinical manifestations, inflammation biomarkers, systemic score, macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), parenchymal lung disease, disease course, disability, death and medications administered. Results A total of 166 patients (median age at diagnos…

AdultLung DiseasesBiological ProductsMacrophage Activation SyndromeArthritis JuvenileSystemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis; adult-onset Still’s diseaseRheumatologyAdrenal Cortex HormonesSystemic juvenile idiopathic arthritisAntirheumatic AgentsFerritinsPrevalenceSystemic juvenile idiopathic arthritiHumansadult-onset Still’s diseasePharmacology (medical)ChildStill's Disease Adult-OnsetBiomarkersAcute-Phase Proteins
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Lung Compartmentalization of Increased TNF Releasing Ability by Mononuclear Phagocytes in Pulmonary Sarcoidosis

1989

The TNF is a monokine with cytotoxic and tumor-necrosing activities; in addition, TNF may play a role in inflammatory processes. The present study evaluates spontaneous and LPS-mediated release of TNF by AMs and autologous peripheral BMs of normal subjects and patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. A recently developed cytotoxicity assay, specific for detection of TNF activity, was applied. This study demonstrates that (1) unstimulated mononuclear phagocytes released low levels of TNF with no differences between groups; (2) when effector cells were stimulated with LPS, AMs from patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis released more TNF than AMs recovered from normal subjects and from patien…

AdultLung DiseasesMalePulmonary and Respiratory MedicineSarcoidosisCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicinePathogenesisHumansMedicineMacrophageLungLungTumor Necrosis Factor-alphabusiness.industryMacrophagesRespiratory diseaseMononuclear phagocyte systemCytotoxicity Tests Immunologicmedicine.diseasePulmonary AlveoliMonokinemedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologyLeukocytes MononuclearFemaleTumor necrosis factor alphaSarcoidosisCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessBronchoalveolar Lavage FluidChest
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Spontaneous Monokine Release by Alveolar Macrophages in Chronic Sarcoidosis

1991

In pulmonary sarcoidosis an activation of alveolar T lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages (AM) has been demonstrated. There is evidence that in contrast to acute disease a heightened T-cell response cannot be observed in the chronic phase of sarcoidosis. The role of AM in the inflammatory process of chronic sarcoidosis is not yet intensively evaluated. To address this question we measured the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) by AM of 39 patients with chronic sarcoidosis (duration > 4 years; 30 active, 9 inactive diseases) without therapy and correlated the monokine release with parameters of T-cell alveolitis and the course of the disease. The T4/T8 …

AdultLung DiseasesMaleSarcoidosisT-Lymphocytesmedicine.medical_treatmentImmunologyCD4-CD8 Ratio610 MedizinBronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/immunologyTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesisLymphocyte Activation/immunologyLymphocyte ActivationMacrophages AlveolarmedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyMacrophageAntibodies Monoclonal/immunologyInterleukin-1/biosynthesisddc:610Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphabusiness.industryRespiratory diseaseAntibodies MonoclonalInterleukinGeneral MedicineT-Lymphocytes/immunologymedicine.diseaseSarcoidosis/immunologyMonokineLung Diseases/immunologyCytokinemedicine.anatomical_structureChronic DiseaseImmunologyMacrophages Alveolar/immunologyFemaleTumor necrosis factor alphaSarcoidosisPulmonary alveolusbusinessBronchoalveolar Lavage FluidInterleukin-1International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
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A prospective evaluation of the activity of human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor on the prevention of chemotherapy-related neutropenia in pati…

1993

After informed consent, 86 patients with advanced cancer undergoing potentially myelosuppressive cytotoxic chemotherapy were randomized to receive placebo or subcutaneous granulocyte - colony stimulating factor (G- CSF) 5 μg/Kg/day in order to prevent severe neutropenia and its related morbidity. The incidence of neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count <1, 000/mm3) was significantly reduced in patients receiving G-CSF than in controls (18% versus 42%; P <0.05). The duration of neutropenia was also shortened by the administration of G-CSF (4.8 versus 8.2 days; P <0.05). Therapy with G-CSF has also a positive impact on the dose-intensity of employed regimens. Patients treated with G-CSF showed…

AdultMale0301 basic medicineMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyNeutropeniaTime FactorsFeverInjections Subcutaneousmedicine.medical_treatment030106 microbiologyAntineoplastic AgentsNeutropeniaGranulocytePlaceboGastroenterology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineGranulocyte Colony-Stimulating FactormedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Prospective StudiesNeoplasm MetastasisAgedPharmacologyChemotherapybusiness.industryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)CarcinomaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRecombinant ProteinsGranulocyte colony-stimulating factorSurgeryInfectious DiseasesGranulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factormedicine.anatomical_structureOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAbsolute neutrophil countFemalebusinessmedicine.drug
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Reduced Sympathetic Innervation in Endometriosis is Associated to Semaphorin 3C and 3F Expression

2016

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and one of the most common causes of pelvic pain. The mechanisms underlying pain emergence or chronic inflammation during endometriosis remain unknown. Several chronic inflammatory diseases including endometriosis show reduced amounts of noradrenergic nerve fibers. The source of the affected innervation is still unclear. Semaphorins represent potential elicitors, due to their known role as axonal guidance cues, and are suggested as nerve repellent factors in different chronic inflammatory diseases. Therefore, semaphorins might influence the progress of neuroinflammatory mechanisms during endometriosis. Here, we analyzed the noradrenergic inner…

AdultMale0301 basic medicineNeuroimmunomodulationNeurogenesisEndometriosisNeuroscience (miscellaneous)EndometriosisPainInflammationSemaphorinsYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceNerve Fibers0302 clinical medicineImmune systemSemaphorinHumansMedicineSecretionEndometriosiReceptorbusiness.industryMacrophagesPelvic painInnervationNeurogenesisMiddle Agedmedicine.disease030104 developmental biologyNeurologyImmunologyFemaleSympathetic nerve fibermedicine.symptomSemaphorinCarrier Proteinsbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Isolation in small populations of Wayampi Amerindians promotes endemicity and homogenisation of their faecal virome, but its distribution is not enti…

2018

The isolated community of the Wayampi Amerindians has been extensively studied for the presence of beta lactamase-producing enterobacteria and their gut microbiota. However, no information about their virome was available. This study tries to establish potential associations between the virome and diverse epidemiological data, through the metagenomic study of the faecal prophages and DNA viruses from 31 samples collected in 2010. Taxonomic assignments, composition, abundance and diversity analyses were obtained to characterise the virome and were compared between groups according to several demographic, environmental and medical data. Prophages outnumbered viruses. Composition and abundance…

AdultMale0301 basic medicineProphagesBeta diversityZoologyGut floraGroup comparisonApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologybeta-LactamasesFeces03 medical and health sciencesEnterobacteriaceaeHumansHuman viromeFecesEcologybiologyViromeSingle factorDNA VirusesHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingSmall population sizebiology.organism_classificationAnti-Bacterial AgentsFrench GuianaGastrointestinal MicrobiomeIsolated human population030104 developmental biologyLow exposure to antibioticsMetagenomicsNext-generation sequencingFemaleMetagenomicsFEMS Microbiology Ecology
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Diagnosis of pre-sarcopenia from a single selectional crosscut at C3 region, using CT scans before radiotherapy

2019

espanolProposito: el proposito de este estudio fue diagnosticar la presarcopenia en pacientes con cancer que no disponen de imagenes por tomografia computarizada (TC) a nivel abdominal mediante un metodo novedoso basado en cortes a nivel cervical. Material y metodos: se analizaron y se compararon mediante unidades la masa muscular y la masa muscular esqueletica en 37 pacientes con cancer de pulmon y neoplasias del aparato digestivo superior que incluian cortes en la TC de planificacion a nivel de C3 y L3. La presarcopenia se identifico de acuerdo con los puntos de corte establecidos actualmente: ≤ 41 cm2/m2 para mujeres, ≤ 43 cm2/m2 en hombres con un IMC ≤ 25 kg/m2 y ≤ 53 cm2/m2 en hombres …

AdultMale0301 basic medicineSarcopeniaLung NeoplasmsEsophageal Neoplasmsmedicine.medical_treatmentTomografiaMedicine (miscellaneous)Radioteràpia030209 endocrinology & metabolismComputed tomographyCohort Studies03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStomach NeoplasmsmedicineHumansC3Lung cancerCàncerCancerAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and over030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and DieteticsRadiotherapymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSkeletal muscle massPancreatic NeoplasmsRadiation therapyL3SarcopeniaCT scansFemaleRadiotherapy treatmentTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessNuclear medicine
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