Search results for "phosphate"

showing 10 items of 1874 documents

In vitro evaluation of poloxamer in situ forming gels for bedaquiline fumarate salt and pharmacokinetics following intramuscular injection in rats

2019

Graphical abstract

In situPO Propylene oxideIV IntravenousP338 Poloxamer 338lcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundn Sample sizeSD Standard deviationIM Intramuscularchemistry.chemical_classificationC0 Analyte plasma concentration at time zeroDoE Design of experimentsUV UltravioletPharmacology. TherapyK2.EDTA Potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acidLC–MS/MS Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryH&E Hematoxylin and eosintmax Sampling time to reach the maximum observed analyte plasma concentrationIn situ forming gelsCMC Critical micellar concentrationCmax Maximum observed analyte plasma concentrationIntramuscular injectionDN Dose normalizedGPT Gel point temperaturePLGA Poly-(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid)TFA Trifluoroacetic acidCAN AcetonitrileATP Adenosine 5′ triphosphateSalt (chemistry)Polyethylene glycolPoloxamerArticlelcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicaPharmacokineticsIn vivoUHPLC Ultra-high performance liquid chromatographyPharmacokineticsAUClast Area under the analyte concentration versus time curve from time zero to the time of the last measurable (non-below quantification level) concentrationEO Ethylene oxideNMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidoneComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSAUC∞ Area under the analyte concentration vs time curve from time zero to infinite timeP407 Poloxamer 407In vitro releasePoloxamerCMT Critical micellar temperatureGel erosionIn vitrot1/2 Apparent terminal elimination half-lifechemistryMDR-TB Multi-drug resistant tuberculosisAUC80h Area under the analyte concentration versus time curve from time zero to 80 htlast Sampling time until the last measurable (non-below quantification level) analyte plasma concentrationMRM Multiple reaction monitoringNuclear chemistrySustained releaseInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics: X
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Fluvastatin stabilizes the blood–brain barrier in vitro by nitric oxide-dependent dephosphorylation of myosin light chains

2006

Inhibition of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase and the downstream mevalonate pathway is in part responsible for the beneficial effects that statins exert on the cardiovascular system. In this study we aimed at analysing the stabilizing effects of fluvastatin on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, using an in vitro co-culture model of ECV304 and C6, or primary bovine endothelial cells and rat astrocytes. Fluvastatin dose-dependently (1-25 micromol/l) increased barrier integrity as analysed by measurements of transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER). This effect (117.4+/-2.6% at 25 micromol/l) was significantly reduced by the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor L…

IndolesMyosin Light ChainsMyosin light-chain kinaseGeranylgeranyl pyrophosphatePhosphataseFarnesyl pyrophosphateBiologyNitric OxideBlood–brain barrierAntioxidantsCapillary PermeabilityFatty Acids MonounsaturatedDephosphorylationMiceCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundElectric ImpedancemedicineAnimalsDrug InteractionsEnzyme InhibitorsFluvastatinCells CulturedPharmacologyAnalysis of VarianceMicroscopy Confocalomega-N-MethylarginineDose-Response Relationship DrugEndothelial CellsBiological TransportMolecular biologyCoculture TechniquesRatsmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiochemistryBlood-Brain BarrierAstrocytesModels AnimalCattleMevalonate pathwayFluvastatinmedicine.drugNeuropharmacology
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Time-dependent O2 consumption patterns determined optimal time ranges for selecting viable human embryos.

2012

Objective To evaluate correlations between metabolic activity and implantation potential of transferred embryos in a study based on oxygen (O 2 ) consumption (OC) measurements, because O 2 uptake is directly related to the capacity of an embryo to produce energy via adenosine triphosphate. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Infertility institute. Patient(s) Five hundred seventy-five injected oocytes in 56 first oocyte donation cycles with embryo transfer on day 3. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) We analyzed embryo destination viability and implantation depending on the embryo OC rate obtained from 47,741 measurements (up to 85 measurements per embryo, 2–3 measurements …

InfertilityAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyanimal structuresTime FactorsPregnancy RateBiologyAndrologyCohort StudiesYoung AdultAdenosine TriphosphateOxygen ConsumptionOvulation InductionPregnancymedicineHumansEmbryo ImplantationSperm Injections IntracytoplasmicMicroinjectionRetrospective StudiesPregnancyOocyte DonationEmbryogenesisObstetrics and GynecologyEmbryomedicine.diseaseEmbryo TransferSpermEmbryo transferSurgeryAbortion SpontaneousPregnancy rateBlastocystReproductive Medicineembryonic structuresFemaleEnergy MetabolismFertility and sterility
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Cigarette smoke promotes inflammasome‐independent activation of caspase‐1 and ‐4 leading to gasdermin D cleavage in human macrophages

2022

Mechanisms and consequences of gasdermin D (GSDMD) activation in cigarette smoke (CS)-associated inflammation and lung disease are unknown. GSDMD is a downstream effector of caspase-1, -8, and -4. Upon cleavage, GSDMD generates pores into cell membranes. Different degrees of GSDMD activation are associated with a range of physiological outputs ranging from cell hyperactivation to pyroptosis. We have previously reported that in human monocyte-derived macrophages CS extract (CSE) inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome and shifts the response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) towards the TLR4-TRIF axis leading to activation of caspase-8, which, in turn, activates caspase-1. In the present work, we investig…

InflammationLipopolysaccharidesPore Forming Cytotoxic Proteinsalveolar macrophages caspasecigarette smoke inflammasome lung Caspase 1 Caspases Caspases Initiator Humans Inflammation Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Lipopolysaccharides Lipopolysaccharides NLR Family Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein Phosphate-Binding Proteins Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins Tobacco Cigarette Smoking Inflammasomes.InflammasomesSettore BIO/16 - Anatomia UmanaMacrophagesCaspase 1Intracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsPhosphate-Binding ProteinsBiochemistryCaspases InitiatorCigarette SmokingCaspasesNLR Family Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinTobaccoGeneticsHumansMolecular BiologyBiotechnologyThe FASEB Journal
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Mechanical ventilation and Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia alter mitochondrial homeostasis.

2018

Abstract Required mechanical ventilation (MV) may contribute to bacterial dissemination in patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia. Significant variations in plasma mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been reported in sepsis according to the outcome. The impact of lung stretch during MV was addressed in a model of pneumonia. Healthy or S. pneumoniae infected rabbits were submitted to MV or kept spontaneously breathing (SB). Bacterial burden, cytokines release, mitochondrial DNA levels, integrity and transcription were assessed along with 48-hour mortality. Compared with infected SB rabbits, MV rabbits developed more severe pneumonia with greater concentrations of bacteria in the lungs, …

InflammationMaleddc:617Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphalcsh:RInterleukin-1betaInterleukin-8lcsh:MedicinePneumoniaDNA MitochondrialRespiration ArtificialArticleInterleukin-10Adenosine TriphosphateStreptococcus pneumoniaeAnimalslcsh:QRNA MessengerRabbitslcsh:ScienceLungSpleenScientific reports
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Drug-induced expansion and differentiation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in vivo: The role of exogenous IL-2

2005

Human Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells recognize nonpeptidic Ags generated by the 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate (many eubacteria, algae, plants, and Apicomplexa) and mevalonate (eukaryotes, archaebacteria, and certain eubacteria) pathways of isoprenoid synthesis. The potent Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cell reactivity 1) against certain cancer cells or 2) induced by infectious agents indicates that therapeutic augmentations of Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cell activities may be clinically beneficial. The functional characteristics of Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells from Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus monkey) are very similar to those from Homo sapiens. We have found that the i.v. administration of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonat…

Injections SubcutaneousT cellImmunologyCD4-CD8 RatioPamidronateBiologyPharmacologyInterferon-gammaInterleukin 21HemiterpenesOrganophosphorus CompoundsT-Lymphocyte SubsetsmedicineAnimalsImmunology and AllergyCytotoxic T cellIL-2 receptorAntigensAntigen-presenting cellCells CulturedCell ProliferationInterleukin 323-DiphosphoglycerateDiphosphonatesZAP70Cell DifferentiationReceptors Antigen T-Cell gamma-deltaTh1 CellsNatural killer T cellDiphosphatesMacaca fascicularismedicine.anatomical_structureInjections IntravenousImmunologyEpoxy CompoundsInterleukin-2Immunologic Memory
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Spin canting in an unprecedented three-dimensional pyrophosphate- and 2,2'-bipyrimidine-bridged cobalt(II) framework.

2008

The three-dimensional cobalt(ii) compound of formula {[Co(2)(P(2)O(7))(bpym)(2)].12H(2)O}(n), where the pyrophosphate and 2,2'-bipyrimidine act as bridging ligands, is a new example of a spin-canted antiferromagnet with T(c) = 19 K.

Inorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundChemistryInorganic chemistryAntiferromagnetismchemistry.chemical_elementCobaltPyrophosphateSpin cantingDalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
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K2AuPS4, TI2AuPS4, K2AuAsS4, and KAu5P2S8: Syntheses, structures, and properties of quaternary gold thiophosphate and thioarsenate compounds

1998

The novel compounds K2AuPS4 (1), Tl2AuPS4 (2), K2AuAsS4 (3), and KAu5P2S8 (4) have been synthesized by direct reaction of the elements with a molten alkaline polythiophosphate(arsenate) flux at 550°C. The crystal structures of these compounds have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. 1, 2, and 3 crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/m. The structures of 1, 2, and 3 consist of infinite, one-dimensional anionic chains running along the crystallographic b axis. The chains are separated by potassium or thallium ions. Neighbouring Au atoms are bridged by MS43− tetrahedra (M = P, As) in a trans orientation. Compound 4 crystallizes in the space group P21/c. The a…

Inorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformGroup (periodic table)ChemistryDifferential thermal analysisInorganic chemistryCrystal structureDumbbellMonoclinic crystal systemIonThiophosphate
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Prediction of Magnetic Properties in Oxovanadium(IV) Phosphates: The Role of the Bridging PO4 Anions

1998

Oxovanadium phosphates constitute a crystallochemically very rich family that, in turn, results in a seemingly intricate magnetochemistry including from isolated dimers to 3-D systems. This magnetic diversity is due, in part, to the possible participation of phosphate groups in the spin transfer between VIV centers. This way, 31P solid-state NMR becomes a key tool in determining the exchange paths involving phosphorus orbitals. The magnetic behavior of several layered oxovanadium phosphates M(VOPO4)2·4H2O (M = Na+, Ca2+, Ba2+, and Pb2+) has been investigated. Like it occurs in the case of other previously studied lamellar derivatives, the best fit of the temperature-dependent magnetic susce…

Inorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryAtomic orbitalMagnetochemistrySpin transferLamellar structureOxovanadium IVPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhosphateMagnetic susceptibility
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Synthesis of a new mesostructured lamellar oxovanadium phosphate assembled through an S+X-I0 Mechanism

1999

A new lamellar mesostructured oxovanadium(V) phosphate, (DDAH)0.9(Cl)0.9VOPO4·1.5H2O (DDA = dodecylamine), has been synthesized through a S+X-I0 cooperative mechanism using protonated dodecylamine ...

Inorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymer chemistryOrganic chemistryLamellar structureProtonationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhosphate
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