Search results for "physiologic"
showing 10 items of 2593 documents
''No Gender Difference in Peak Performance in Ultra-Endurance Swimming Performance - Analysis of the 'Zurich 12-h Swim' from 1996 to 2010''
2012
Eichenberger, Evelyn | Knechtle, Beat | Christoph, Alexander Rust | Knechtle, Patrizia | Lepers, Romuald | Rosemann, Thomas; International audience; ''The aims of the study were to [1] investigate the performance trends at the 'Zurich 12-h Swim' in Switzerland from 1996 to 2010; and [2] determine the gender difference in peak performance in ultra-endurance swimming. In total, 113 male and 53 female swimmers competed in this indoor ultra-endurance event while swimming in a heated pool. The number of male participants significantly increased (r(2) = 0.36, P = 0.04) over time while the participation of females remained unchanged (r(2) = 0.12, P = 0.26). In the age group 0.05). The best perform…
Breeding-related seasonal changes in immunocompetence, health state and condition of the cyprinid fish, Rutilus rutilus, L.
2003
Seasonal changes in immunocompetence are predicted by the hypothesized trade-off between reproduction and self-maintenance, whereby immune function is a measure of self-maintenance and reproductive effort is seasonally dependent. We examined seasonal patterns in immunological, haematological and body condition parameters for male and female freshwater fish. In two different populations, the relative size of the spleen and the chemotaxic migration activity of head kidney granulocytes decreased immediately before and after spawning, respectively. Those decreases were accompanied by an increase in haematocrit values shortly before and after spawning in both populations and a decrease in the re…
On Optic Aphasia and Visual Agnosia
1991
Abstract The following is a translation from a paper by Freund published in two parts almost exactly 100 years ago. It is based on a talk he gave on February 23rd, 1888 at a meeting, chaired by Wernicke, of the Society of East German Psychiatrists at Breslau. A brief report of the proceedings of the meeting appeared in the same year under the title Einige Grenzfalle zwischen Aphasie und Seelenblindheit (Some borderline cases between aphasia and agnosia) (Freund, 1888). This is presumably why the first part, published in 1889, has the heading II before its title Ueber optische Aphasie und Seelenblindheit.
Calibrating accelerometer data, as a promising tool for health and welfare monitoring in aquaculture: Case study in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus …
2021
Abstract Both the conventional and organic aquaculture sectors have grown rapidly over the past few years. Moreover, welfare has attracted increased attention on the part of both consumers and governments. However, fish welfare assessment is complex and thus needs to adapt measurements that are easily applicable to aquaculture conditions. In this study, in addition to classical welfare indicator measurements (physiological stress indicators and growth performance), we recorded the swimming activity data using acoustic transmitters to evaluate the welfare of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed a conventional vs. an organic diet. Prior feeding trial, the swimming activity recorded by…
Nutrition Knowledge Is Associated with Energy Availability and Carbohydrate Intake in Young Female Cross-Country Skiers
2021
The aim of this study was to provide information on energy availability (EA), macronutrient intake, nutritional periodization practices, and nutrition knowledge in young female cross-country skiers. A total of 19 skiers filled in weighted food and training logs before and during a training camp. Nutrition knowledge was assessed via a validated questionnaire. EA was optimal in 11% of athletes at home (mean 33.7 ± 9.6 kcal·kgFFM−1·d−1) and in 42% at camp (mean 40.3 ± 17.3 kcal·kgFFM−1·d−1). Most athletes (74%) failed to meet recommendations for carbohydrate intake at home (mean 5.0 ± 1.2 g·kg−1·d−1) and 63% failed to do so at camp (mean 7.1 ± 1.6 g·kg−1·d−1). The lower threshold of the pre-ex…
Sea urchin coelomocytes as a novel cellular biosensor of environmental stress: a field study in the Tremiti Island Marine Protected Area, Southern Ad…
2007
The aim of the present study was to investigate on the suitability of the sea urchin as a sentinel organism for the assessment of the macro-zoobenthos health state in bio-monitoring programmes. A field study was carried out during two oceanographic campaigns using immuno-competent cells, the coelomocytes, from sea urchins living in a marine protected area. In particular, coelomocytes subpopulations ratio and heat shock protein 70 (HSC70) levels were measured in specimens of Paracentrotus lividus (Lamark, 1816) collected in two sampling sites, namely Pianosa and Caprara Islands, both belonging to the Tremiti Island Marine Protected Area (MPA) in the Southern Adriatic Sea, Italy. By density g…
Perlecan Maintains the Integrity of Cartilage and Some Basement Membranes
1999
Perlecan is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan that is expressed in all basement membranes (BMs), in cartilage, and several other mesenchymal tissues during development. Perlecan binds growth factors and interacts with various extracellular matrix proteins and cell adhesion molecules. Homozygous mice with a null mutation in the perlecan gene exhibit normal formation of BMs. However, BMs deteriorate in regions with increased mechanical stress such as the contracting myocardium and the expanding brain vesicles showing that perlecan is crucial for maintaining BM integrity. As a consequence, small clefts are formed in the cardiac muscle leading to blood leakage into the pericardial cavity and an ar…
Proprioception but not cardiac interoception is related to the rubber hand illusion
2020
The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is a widely used tool in the study of multisensory integration. It develops as the interaction of temporally consistent visual and tactile input, which can overwrite proprioceptive information. Theoretically, the accuracy of proprioception may influence the proneness to the RHI but this has received little research attention to date. Concerning the role of cardioceptive information, the available empirical evidence is equivocal. The current study aimed to test the impact of proprioceptive and cardioceptive input on the RHI. 60 undergraduate students (32 females) completed sensory tasks assessing proprioceptive accuracy with respect to the angle of the elbow jo…
Quantification of Different Regulatory Pathways Contributing to Heartbeat Dynamics during Multiple Stimuli: a Proof of the Concept.
2019
The dynamical interplay between brain and heart is mediated by several feedback mechanisms including the central autonomic network and baroreflex loop at a peripheral level, also for a short-term regulation. State of the art focused on the characterization of each regulatory pathway through a single stressor elicitation. However, no studies targeted the actual quantification of different mediating routes leading to the generation of heartbeat dynamics, particularly in case of combined exogenous stimuli. In this study, we propose a new approach based on computational modeling to quantify the contribution of multiple concurrent stimuli in modulating cardiovascular dynamics. In this prelimina…
Mutations in hepatitis C virus RNAs conferring cell culture adaptation.
2001
ABSTRACT As an initial approach to studying the molecular replication mechanisms of hepatitis C virus (HCV), a major causative agent of acute and chronic liver disease, we have recently developed selectable self-replicating RNAs. These replicons lacked the region encoding the structural proteins and instead carried the gene encoding the neomycin phosphotransferase. Although the replication levels of these RNAs within selected cells were high, the number of G418-resistant colonies was reproducibly low. In a search for the reason, we performed a detailed analysis of replicating HCV RNAs and identified several adaptive mutations enhancing the efficiency of colony formation by several orders of…